Overview
All 4 of 4 tested scraper methods completed successfully for this URL.
The best-performing option was curl_cffi 0.14 with datacenter proxy routing. It returned HTTP 200. Total runtime was 1.20s. Estimated request cost was $0.000003.
Tested Methods
| Scraper | Proxy | Response | Time | Request Cost | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
apiritif/curl-cffi:0.14
|
datacenter |
200
html
|126.86 KiB
|
1.20s |
$0.000003 $0.003/1k |
|
|
apiritif/pydoll:2.20
|
datacenter |
200
file
|127.33 KiB
|
4.15s |
$0.000050 $0.050/1k |
|
|
apiritif/playwright:1.58
|
datacenter |
200
html
|127.37 KiB
|
3.61s |
$0.000090 $0.090/1k |
|
|
apiritif/scrapling-stealthyfetcher:0.4
|
datacenter |
200
html
|128.28 KiB
|
5.27s |
$0.000110 $0.110/1k |
Requests Viewer
Truncated
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" class="no-js">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikipedia</title>
<meta name="description" content="Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.">
<script>
document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( /(^|\s)no-js(\s|$)/, "$1js-enabled$2" );
/**
* Initialize Wikipedia25. Check if disabled via cookie; if
* active, apply the enabled class and randomly assign a video variant class
*/
(function() {
var cookieName = 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-disabled';
if ( document.cookie.indexOf( cookieName + '=1' ) === -1 ) {
document.documentElement.classList.add( 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled' );
}
})();
</script>
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1,user-scalable=yes">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico">
<link rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">
<style>
.sprite{background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/sprite-e49fbf32.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.svg-Commons-logo_sister{background-position:0 0;width:47px;height:47px}.svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -47px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Meta-Wiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -89px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikibooks-logo_sister{background-position:0 -126px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikidata-logo_sister{background-position:0 -163px;width:49px;height:49px}.svg-Wikifunctions-logo_sister{background-position:0 -212px;width:50px;height:50px}.svg-Wikimedia-logo_black{background-position:0 -262px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{background-position:0 -304px;width:176px;height:32px}.svg-Wikiquote-logo_sister{background-position:0 -336px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikisource-logo_sister{background-position:0 -378px;width:39px;height:39px}.svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister{background-position:0 -417px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikiversity-logo_sister{background-position:0 -459px;width:43px;height:37px}.svg-Wikivoyage-logo_sister{background-position:0 -496px;width:36px;height:36px}.svg-Wiktionary-logo_sister{background-position:0 -532px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-arrow-down{background-position:0 -569px;width:12px;height:8px}.svg-arrow-down-blue{background-position:0 -577px;width:14px;height:14px}.svg-badge_google_play_store{background-position:0 -591px;width:124px;height:38px}.svg-badge_ios_app_store{background-position:0 -629px;width:110px;height:38px}.svg-language-icon{background-position:0 -667px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-noimage{background-position:0 -689px;width:58px;height:58px}.svg-search-icon{background-position:0 -747px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-wikipedia_app_tile{background-position:0 -769px;width:42px;height:42px}
</style>
<style>
:root{--color-base:#202122;--color-base-fixed:#202122;--color-base--hover:#404244;--color-emphasized:#101418;--color-subtle:#54595d;--color-placeholder:#72777d;--color-disabled:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled-emphasized:#a2a9b1;--color-inverted:#fff;--color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--color-progressive:#36c;--color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--color-progressive--active:#233566;--color-progressive--focus:#36c;--color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--color-destructive--active:#612419;--color-destructive--focus:#36c;--color-visited:#6a60b0;--color-visited--hover:#534fa3;--color-visited--active:#353262;--color-destructive--visited:#9f5555;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#854848;--color-destructive--visited--active:#512e2e;--color-error:#bf3c2c;--color-error--hover:#9f3526;--color-error--active:#612419;--color-warning:#886425;--color-success:#177860;--color-notice:#404244;--color-icon-error:#f54739;--color-icon-warning:#ab7f2a;--color-icon-success:#099979;--color-icon-notice:#72777d;--color-content-added:#006400;--color-content-removed:#8b0000;--opacity-base:1;--opacity-medium:0.65;--opacity-low:0.3;--opacity-transparent:0;--filter-invert-icon:0;--filter-invert-primary-button-icon:1;--background-position-base:center;--background-size-search-figure:cover;--z-index-bottom:-100;--z-index-base:0;--z-index-above-content:1;--z-index-toolbar:2;--z-index-dropdown:50;--z-index-sticky:100;--z-index-fixed:200;--z-index-off-canvas-backdrop:300;--z-index-off-canvas:350;--z-index-overlay-backdrop:400;--z-index-overlay:450;--z-index-popover:700;--z-index-tooltip:800;--z-index-toast-notification:900;--z-index-top:9999;--z-index-stacking-0:0;--z-index-stacking-1:1;--z-index-stacking-2:2;--z-index-stacking-3:3;--box-sizing-base:border-box;--size-0:0;--size-6:0.0625rem;--size-12:0.125rem;--size-25:0.25rem;--size-50:0.5rem;--size-75:0.75rem;--size-100:1rem;--size-125:1.25rem;--size-150:1.5rem;--size-200:2rem;--size-250:2.5rem;--size-275:2.75rem;--size-300:3rem;--size-400:4rem;--size-800:8rem;--size-1200:12rem;--size-1600:16rem;--size-2400:24rem;--size-2800:28rem;--size-3200:32rem;--size-4000:40rem;--size-5600:56rem;--size-viewport-width-full:100vw;--size-viewport-height-full:100vh;--size-absolute-1:1px;--size-absolute-9999:9999px;--size-content-min:min-content;--size-content-fit:fit-content;--size-content-max:max-content;--size-third:33.33%;--size-half:50%;--size-full:100%;--size-double:200%;--size-search-figure:2.5rem;--max-width-base:none;--max-width-breakpoint-mobile:calc(640px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-tablet:calc(1120px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-desktop:calc(1680px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-button:28rem;--border-style-base:solid;--border-style-dashed:dashed;--box-shadow-inset-small:inset 0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-inset-medium:inset 0 0 0 2px;--box-shadow-inset-medium-vertical:inset 0 -2px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small:0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-outset-small-top:0 -1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom:0 1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-start:-1px 0 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-below:0 4px 4px 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-around:0 0 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-below:0 4px 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-around:0 0 16px 0;--box-shadow-color-base:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-progressive--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#3056a9;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#fff;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.06);--box-shadow-color-transparent:transparent;--font-family-base:sans-serif;--font-family-system-sans:-apple-system,"BlinkMacSystemFont","Segoe UI","Roboto","Inter","Helvetica","Arial",sans-serif;--font-family-sans--fallback:sans-serif;--font-family-serif:"Linux Libertine","Georgia","Times","Source Serif 4",serif;--font-family-serif--fallback:serif;--font-family-monospace:"Menlo","Consolas","Liberation Mono","Fira Code","Courier New",monospace;--font-family-monospace--fallback:monospace,monospace;--font-family-heading-main:"Linux Libertine","Georgia","Times","Source Serif 4",serif;--font-size-x-small:0.75rem;--font-size-small:0.875rem;--font-size-medium:1rem;--font-size-large:1.125rem;--font-size-x-large:1.25rem;--font-size-xx-large:1.5rem;--font-size-xxx-large:1.75rem;--font-weight-hairline:100;--font-weight-light:300;--font-weight-normal:400;--font-weight-semi-bold:600;--font-weight-bold:700;--line-height-x-small:1.25rem;--line-height-small:1.375rem;--line-height-medium:1.625rem;--line-height-large:1.75rem;--line-height-x-large:1.875rem;--line-height-xx-large:2.125rem;--line-height-xxx-large:2.375rem;--line-height-content:1.625;--text-decoration-none:none;--text-decoration-line-through:line-through;--text-decoration-underline:underline;--text-overflow-clip:clip;--text-overflow-ellipsis:ellipsis;--tab-size-base:4;--transform-checkbox-tick--checked:rotate(45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-start:rotate(-45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-end:rotate(315deg);--transition-duration-base:100ms;--transition-duration-medium:250ms;--transition-property-base:background-color,color,border-color,box-shadow;--transition-property-fade:opacity;--transition-property-icon:color;--transition-property-icon-css-only:background-color;--transition-property-toggle-switch-grip:background-color,border-color,transform;--transition-timing-function-system:ease;--transition-timing-function-user:ease-out;--animation-delay-none:0ms;--animation-delay-medium:-160ms;--animation-delay-slow:-320ms;--animation-duration-fast:1000ms;--animation-duration-medium:1600ms;--animation-duration-slow:2000ms;--animation-timing-function-base:linear;--animation-timing-function-bouncing:ease-in-out;--animation-iteration-count-base:infinite;--cursor-base:default;--cursor-base--disabled:default;--cursor-base--hover:pointer;--cursor-grab:grab;--cursor-grabbing:grabbing;--cursor-help:help;--cursor-move:move;--cursor-not-allowed:not-allowed;--cursor-resize-nesw:nesw-resize;--cursor-resize-nwse:nwse-resize;--cursor-text:text;--cursor-zoom-in:zoom-in;--cursor-zoom-out:zoom-out;--mix-blend-mode-base:normal;--mix-blend-mode-blend:multiply;--background-color-base:#fff;--background-color-base-fixed:#fff;--background-color-neutral:#eaecf0;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive--hover:#dadde3;--background-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-inverted:#101418;--background-color-progressive:#36c;--background-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--background-color-progressive--active:#233566;--background-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#f1f4fd;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#d9e2ff;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#b6d4fb;--background-color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--background-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--background-color-destructive--active:#612419;--background-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-error:#f54739;--background-color-error--hover:#d74032;--background-color-error--active:#bf3c2c;--background-color-error-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-warning-subtle:#fdf2d5;--background-color-success-subtle:#dff2eb;--background-color-notice-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--background-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--background-color-transparent:transparent;--background-color-backdrop-light:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-button-quiet--hover:rgba(0,24,73,0.027);--background-color-button-quiet--active:rgba(0,24,73,0.082);--background-color-input-binary--checked:#36c;--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--hover:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.3);--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--active:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--opacity-icon-base:0.87;--opacity-icon-base--hover:0.74;--opacity-icon-base--selected:1;--opacity-icon-base--disabled:0.51;--opacity-icon-placeholder:0.51;--opacity-icon-subtle:0.67;--min-size-interactive-pointer:32px;--min-size-interactive-touch:44px;--min-size-search-figure:40px;--min-size-icon-x-small:10px;--min-size-icon-small:14px;--min-size-icon-medium:18px;--min-size-input-binary:20px;--min-size-input-chip-clear-button:20px;--min-size-toggle-switch-grip:18px;--min-width-medium:256px;--min-width-breakpoint-mobile:320px;--min-width-breakpoint-tablet:640px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop:1120px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop-wide:1680px;--min-width-toggle-switch:42px;--spacing-0:0;--spacing-6:1px;--spacing-12:2px;--spacing-25:4px;--spacing-30:5px;--spacing-35:6px;--spacing-50:8px;--spacing-65:10px;--spacing-75:12px;--spacing-100:16px;--spacing-125:20px;--spacing-150:24px;--spacing-200:32px;--spacing-250:40px;--spacing-300:48px;--spacing-400:64px;--spacing-half:50%;--spacing-full:100%;--border-width-base:1px;--border-width-thick:2px;--border-width-input-radio--checked:6px;--border-color-base:#a2a9b1;--border-color-emphasized:#202122;--border-color-subtle:#c8ccd1;--border-color-muted:#dadde3;--border-color-interactive:#72777d;--border-color-interactive--hover:#27292d;--border-color-interactive--active:#202122;--border-color-disabled:#c8ccd1;--border-color-inverted:#fff;--border-color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--border-color-progressive:#6485d1;--border-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--border-color-progressive--active:#233566;--border-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--border-color-destructive:#f54739;--border-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-destructive--active:#612419;--border-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--border-color-error:#f54739;--border-color-error--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-error--active:#612419;--border-color-warning:#ab7f2a;--border-color-warning--hover:#735421;--border-color-warning--active:#453217;--border-color-success:#099979;--border-color-notice:#72777d;--border-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--border-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--border-color-transparent:transparent;--border-color-divider:#a2a9b1;--border-radius-base:2px;--border-radius-sharp:0;--border-radius-pill:9999px;--border-radius-circle:50%;--outline-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--min-height-text-area:64px;--min-height-table-header:40px;--min-height-table-footer:40px;--min-height-toggle-switch:28px;--max-height-chip:1.375rem;--color-link:var(--color-progressive);--color-link--hover:var(--color-progressive--hover);--color-link--active:var(--color-progressive--active);--color-link--focus:var(--color-progressive--focus);--color-link--visited:var(--color-visited);--color-link--visited--hover:var(--color-visited--hover);--color-link--visited--active:var(--color-visited--active);--color-link-red:var(--color-destructive);--color-link-red--hover:var(--color-destructive--hover);--color-link-red--active:var(--color-destructive--active);--color-link-red--focus:var(--color-destructive--focus);--color-link-red--visited:var(--color-destructive--visited);--color-link-red--visited--hover:var(--color-destructive--visited--hover);--color-link-red--visited--active:var(--color-destructive--visited--active);--size-icon-x-small:calc(var(--font-size-medium) - 4px);--size-icon-small:var(--font-size-medium);--size-icon-medium:calc(var(--font-size-medium) + 4px);--size-toggle-switch-grip:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--box-shadow-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-top:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-top) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-bottom:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--box-shadow-large:var(--box-shadow-outset-large-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-large-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--accent-color-base:#36c;--position-offset-border-width-base:-var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button:var(--spacing-75) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-icon-only:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small-icon-only:var(--spacing-12) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-large:var(--spacing-100) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-input-text-two-end-icons:calc(var(--spacing-50)*2 + var(--size-icon-small));--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure:var(--spacing-75);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-start:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*0.375);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-end:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--border-color-input--hover:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary--hover:var(--border-color-progressive--hover);--border-color-input-binary--active:var(--border-color-progressive--active);--border-color-input-binary--focus:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);--border-color-input-binary--checked:var(--border-color-progressive);--border-base:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-base);--border-subtle:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-subtle);--border-progressive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-progressive);--border-destructive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-destructive);--border-transparent:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-transparent);--outline-base--focus:var(--border-width-base) solid transparent;--width-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*3);--height-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*2);--spacing-start-typeahead-search-icon:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure)/2 - var(--min-size-icon-medium)/2);--spacing-typeahead-search-focus-addition:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure) - var(--min-size-icon-medium) - var(--spacing-50));--color-base--subtle:#54595d;--box-shadow-drop-xx-large:0 20px 48px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--font-family-sans:"Helvetica Neue","Helvetica","Liberation Sans","Arial",sans-serif;--line-height-xxx-small:1.4285714rem;--line-height-xx-small:1.5714285rem;--box-shadow-drop-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-drop-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}@media only screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--color-base:#eaecf0;--color-base--hover:#f8f9fa;--color-emphasized:#f8f9fa;--color-subtle:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled:#54595d;--color-disabled-emphasized:#72777d;--color-inverted:#101418;--color-progressive:#88a3e8;--color-progressive--hover:#a6bbf5;--color-progressive--active:#b6d4fb;--color-destructive:#fd7865;--color-destructive--hover:#fea898;--color-destructive--active:#ffc8bd;--color-visited:#a799cd;--color-visited--hover:#c5b9dd;--color-visited--active:#d9d0e9;--color-destructive--visited:#c99391;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#dcb5b3;--color-destructive--visited--active:#e8cecd;--color-error:#fd7865;--color-error--hover:#fea898;--color-error--active:#ffc8bd;--color-warning:#ca982e;--color-success:#2cb491;--color-notice:#a2a9b1;--color-content-added:#80cdb3;--color-content-removed:#fd7865;--color-base--subtle:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-base:#72777d;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#88a3e8;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#a6bbf5;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#b6d4fb;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#000;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);--mix-blend-mode-blend:screen;--background-color-base:#101418;--background-color-neutral:#27292d;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive:#27292d;--background-color-interactive--hover:#404244;--background-color-interactive--active:#54595d;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#27292d;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#404244;--background-color-disabled:#404244;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-inverted:#f8f9fa;--background-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#1b223d;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#233566;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#3056a9;--background-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-error-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-warning-subtle:#2d2212;--background-color-success-subtle:#132821;--background-color-notice-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-content-added:#233566;--background-color-content-removed:#453217;--background-color-backdrop-light:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--border-color-base:#72777d;--border-color-emphasized:#eaecf0;--border-color-subtle:#54595d;--border-color-muted:#404244;--border-color-interactive--hover:#a2a9b1;--border-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--border-color-disabled:#54595d;--border-color-inverted:#101418;--border-color-progressive--hover:#88a3e8;--border-color-progressive--active:#a6bbf5;--border-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-destructive--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-destructive--active:#fea898;--border-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-error--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-error--active:#fea898;--border-color-warning--hover:#ca982e;--border-color-warning--active:#edb537;--border-color-content-added:#233566;--border-color-content-removed:#987027}}:root{--color-print--visited:#520;--ss-pos-top:1rem;--ss-pos-right:1.2rem;--ss-pos-bottom:1.2rem;--ss-width:9.5rem;--ss-height:2.4rem;--ss-select-width:11rem;--ss-select-z-index:1;--ss-button-z-index:2}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-size:62.5%}body{margin:0}details,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:700}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:3.2rem;margin:1.2rem 0}small{font-size:1.3rem}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-.5em}sub{bottom:-.25em}figure{margin:1.6rem 4rem}hr{box-sizing:content-box}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:var(--font-family-monospace--fallback);font-size:1.4rem}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;box-sizing:content-box}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=search]:focus{outline-offset:-2px}fieldset{border:var(--border-base);margin:0 .2rem;padding:.6rem 1rem 1.2rem}legend{padding:0}optgroup{font-weight:700}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}.hidden{display:none!important}.screen-reader-text{display:block;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}body{background-color:var(--background-color-base);color:var(--color-base);font-family:var(--font-family-system-sans);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.5;margin:.4rem 0 1.6rem}main{padding:0 1.28rem}a{touch-action:manipulation}a,a:active,a:focus{unicode-bidi:embed;outline:0;color:var(--color-progressive);text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}img{vertical-align:middle}hr,img{border:0}hr{clear:both;height:0;border-bottom:var(--border-subtle);margin:.26rem 0}.pure-button{display:inline-block;zoom:1;line-height:normal;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-drag:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);color:var(--color-base);position:relative;min-height:1.92rem;min-width:1.6rem;margin:.16rem 0;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:top;transition:background .1s ease,color .1s ease,border-color .1s ease,box-shadow .1s ease}.pure-button::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border:0}.pure-button-hover,.pure-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base);border-color:var(--border-color-base);color:var(--color-base--hover)}.pure-button-active,.pure-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);border-color:var(--border-color-interactive);color:var(--color-emphasized)}.pure-button:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-button-primary-progressive{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive);color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:hover{background:var(--background-color-progressive--hover);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--hover)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:active{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive--active);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--active);box-shadow:none;color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:focus{box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus),var(--box-shadow-inset-medium) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-form input[type=search]{background-color:var(--background-color-base);display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);vertical-align:middle}.pure-form input:focus:invalid{color:var(--color-error);border-color:var(--border-color-error)}.pure-form fieldset{margin:0;padding:.56rem 0 1.2rem;border:0}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.pure-form input[type=search]{display:block}}.central-textlogo-wrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:bottom}.central-textlogo{position:relative;margin:4rem auto .5rem;width:270px;font-family:Linux Libertine,Hoefler Text,Georgia,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:3rem;font-weight:400;line-height:3.3rem;text-align:center;font-feature-settings:"ss05"}.localized-slogan{display:block;font-family:var(--font-family-serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400}.central-textlogo__image{color:transparent;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-indent:-10000px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.central-textlogo__image{filter:url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><filter id="filter"><feComponentTransfer color-interpolation-filters="sRGB"><feFuncR type="table" tableValues="1 0" /><feFuncG type="table" tableValues="1 0" /><feFuncB type="table" tableValues="1 0" /></feComponentTransfer></filter></svg>#filter');-webkit-filter:invert(100%);filter:invert(100%)}}.central-featured-logo{position:absolute;top:158px;left:35px}@media (max-width:480px){.central-textlogo{position:relative;height:70px;width:auto;margin:2rem 0 0;text-align:center;line-height:2.5rem;text-indent:-1rem;font-size:1em}.central-textlogo-wrapper{position:relative;top:12px;text-indent:.2rem}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{width:150px;height:25px;background-position:0 -260px;background-size:100%}.localized-slogan{font-size:1.4rem}.central-featured-logo{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:57px;height:auto;left:0;top:0}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-textlogo__image{height:auto}}.central-featured{position:relative;height:32.5rem;width:54.6rem;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.central-featured-lang{position:absolute;width:15.6rem}.central-featured-lang .link-box{display:block;border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:0;text-decoration:none;white-space:normal}.central-featured-lang .link-box:hover strong{text-decoration:underline}.central-featured-lang :hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive)}.central-featured-lang strong{display:block;font-size:1.6rem}.central-featured-lang small{color:var(--color-subtle);display:inline-block;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.6}.central-featured-lang em{font-style:italic}.central-featured-lang .emNonItalicLang{font-style:normal}.lang1{top:0;right:60%}.lang2{top:0;left:60%}.lang3{top:20%;right:70%}.lang4{top:20%;left:70%}.lang5{top:40%;right:72%}.lang6{top:40%;left:72%}.lang7{top:60%;right:70%}.lang8{top:60%;left:70%}.lang9{top:80%;right:60%}.lang10{top:80%;left:60%}@media (max-width:480px){.central-featured{width:auto;height:auto;margin-top:8rem;font-size:1.3rem;text-align:left}.central-featured:after{content:" ";display:block;visibility:hidden;clear:both;height:0;font-size:0}.central-featured-lang{display:block;float:left;position:relative;top:auto;left:auto;right:auto;box-sizing:border-box;height:6.4rem;width:33%;margin:0 0 16px;padding:0 1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;text-align:center}.central-featured-lang strong{font-size:1.4rem;margin-bottom:4px}.central-featured-lang small{line-height:1.4}}@media (max-width:375px){.central-featured-lang{font-size:1.3rem}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-featured-lang{width:100%}}.search-container{float:none;max-width:95%;width:540px;margin:.4rem auto 1.95rem;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.search-container fieldset{word-spacing:-4px}.search-container button{min-height:4.4rem;margin:0;border-radius:0 var(--border-radius-base) var(--border-radius-base) 0;padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-size:1.6rem;z-index:var(--ss-button-z-index)}.search-container button .svg-search-icon{text-indent:-9999px}.search-container input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-button,.search-container input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}.search-container input::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{display:none}.search-container .sprite.svg-arrow-down{position:absolute;top:.8rem;right:.6rem}#searchInput{-webkit-appearance:none;width:100%;height:4.4rem;border-left-width:var(--border-width-base);border-bottom-width:var(--border-width-base);border-right-width:0;border-top-width:var(--border-width-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base) 0 0 var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 9.6rem .8rem 1.2rem;font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.6;transition:background .1s ease,border-color .1s ease,box-shadow .1s ease}#searchInput:hover{border-color:var(--border-color-interactive)}#searchInput:focus{border-color:var(--border-color-progressive);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus);outline:var(--outline-base--focus)}.search-container .search-input{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:73%;vertical-align:top}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.search-container .pure-form fieldset{margin-left:1rem;margin-right:6.6rem}.search-container .search-input{width:100%;margin-right:-6.6rem}.search-container .pure-form button{float:right;right:-5.6rem}}.suggestions-dropdown{background-color:var(--background-color-base);display:inline-block;position:absolute;left:0;z-index:2;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:var(--border-base);border-top:0;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-drop-medium);text-align:left;list-style-type:none;word-spacing:normal}.suggestion-link{display:block;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;min-height:7rem;width:100%;padding:1rem 1rem 1rem 8.5rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle);color:inherit;text-decoration:none;text-align:initial;white-space:normal}.suggestion-link.active{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle)}a.suggestion-link:hover{text-decoration:none}a.suggestion-link:active,a.suggestion-link:focus{outline:0;white-space:normal}.suggestion-thumbnail{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 56 56'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23eee' d='M0 0h56v56H0z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23999' d='M36.4 13.5H17.8v24.9c0 1.4.9 2.3 2.3 2.3h18.7v-25c.1-1.4-1-2.2-2.4-2.2zM30.2 17h5.1v6.4h-5.1V17zm-8.8 0h6v1.8h-6V17zm0 4.6h6v1.8h-6v-1.8zm0 15.5v-1.8h13.8v1.8H21.4zm13.8-4.5H21.4v-1.8h13.8v1.8zm0-4.7H21.4v-1.8h13.8v1.8z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:100% auto;background-size:cover;height:100%;width:7rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.suggestion-title{margin:0 0 .78rem;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.872rem}.suggestion-link.active .suggestion-title{color:var(--color-progressive)}.suggestion-highlight{font-style:normal;text-decoration:underline}.suggestion-description{color:var(--color-placeholder);margin:0;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.43rem}.styled-select{display:none;position:absolute;top:var(--ss-pos-top);bottom:var(--ss-pos-bottom);right:var(--ss-pos-right);max-width:var(--ss-width);height:var(--ss-height);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base)}.styled-select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select .hide-arrow{right:3.2rem;max-width:6.8rem;height:var(--ss-height);overflow:hidden;text-align:right}.styled-select select{background:transparent;display:inline;overflow:hidden;height:var(--ss-height);min-width:var(--ss-select-width);max-width:var(--ss-select-width);width:var(--ss-select-width);box-sizing:border-box;border:0;line-height:var(--ss-height);-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:window;text-indent:.01px;text-overflow:"";opacity:0;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;cursor:pointer}.styled-select.no-js{width:var(--ss-width)}.styled-select.no-js select{opacity:1;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem;color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.no-js .hide-arrow{width:6.8rem}.search-container .styled-select.no-js .js-langpicker-label{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled .hide-arrow{padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem}.styled-select.js-enabled select{background:transparent;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;z-index:var(--ss-select-z-index);width:100%;border:0;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem;color:transparent;color:hsla(0,0%,100%,0)}.styled-select.js-enabled select option{color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.js-enabled select:hover{background-color:transparent}.styled-select-active-helper{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled select:focus+.styled-select-active-helper{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:0;width:100%;height:100%;outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}.search-container .js-langpicker-label{display:inline-block;margin:0;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.3rem;line-height:var(--ss-height);text-transform:uppercase}.styled-select select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select select:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);box-shadow:none}@-moz-document url-prefix(){.styled-select select{width:110%}}.other-projects{display:inline-block;width:65%}.other-project{float:left;position:relative;width:33%;height:9rem}.other-project-link{display:inline-block;min-height:50px;width:90%;padding:1em;white-space:nowrap}.other-project-link:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive)}a.other-project-link{text-decoration:none}.other-project-icon{display:inline-block;width:50px;text-align:center}.svg-Wikinews-logo_sister{background-image:url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikinews-logo_sister.png);background-position:0 0;background-size:47px 26px;width:47px;height:26px}@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.25),(min-resolution:120dpi){.svg-Wikinews-logo_sister{background-image:url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikinews-logo_sister@2x.png)}}.other-project-text,.other-project .sprite-project-logos{display:inline-block}.other-project-text{max-width:65%;font-size:1.4rem;vertical-align:middle;white-space:normal}.other-project-tagline,.other-project-title{display:block}.other-project-tagline{color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.3rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.other-projects{width:100%}.other-project{width:33%}}@media screen and (max-width:480px){.other-project{width:50%}.other-project-tagline{-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto}}@media screen and (max-width:320px){.other-project-text{margin-right:5px;font-size:1.3rem}}.lang-list-container{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);overflow:hidden;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;max-height:0;width:80%;margin:-1.6rem auto 4.8rem;transition:max-height .5s ease-out .16s,visibility .5s ease-in 1s}.js-enabled .lang-list-container{visibility:hidden}.lang-list-active .lang-list-container,.no-js .lang-list-container{visibility:visible;max-height:10000px;transition:max-height 1s ease-in 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var(--border-color-base);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),0 0 16px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}
</style>
<link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org">
<link rel="me" href="https://wikis.world/@wikipedia">
<meta property="og:url" content>
<meta property="og:title" content="Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:description" content="Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png">
</head>
<body id="www-wikipedia-org">
<main>
<div class="central-textlogo">
<img class="central-featured-logo" src="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2.png" srcset="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@1.5x.png 1.5x, portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@2x.png 2x" width="200" height="183" alt>
<h1 class="central-textlogo-wrapper">
<span class="central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark">
Wikipedia
</span>
<strong class="jsl10n localized-slogan" data-jsl10n="portal.slogan">The Free Encyclopedia</strong>
</h1>
</div>
<div class="central-textlogo wikipedia25-videologo">
<video id="wikipedia25-video" class="wikipedia25-video" data-idle-light="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm" data-idle-dark="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm" data-click-light="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-light.webm" data-click-dark="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-dark.webm" data-poster-light="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp" data-poster-dark="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp" width="200" height="200" autoplay loop muted playsinline>
</video>
<button id="wikipedia25-play-button" class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--framed jsl10n wikipedia25-play-button" type="button" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.play-button-text" aria-label="Play">
<span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--small"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true">
<g><path d="M4.55 19A1 1 0 013 18.13V1.87A1 1 0 014.55 1l12.2 8.13a1 1 0 010 1.7z"/></g>
</svg></span>
</button>
<h1 class="central-textlogo-wrapper">
<span class="central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark">
Wikipedia
</span>
<strong class="jsl10n wikipedia25-slogan" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.slogan">25 years of the free encyclopedia</strong>
</h1>
</div>
<nav data-jsl10n="top-ten-nav-label" aria-label="Top languages" class="central-featured" data-el-section="primary links">
<!-- #1. en.wikipedia.org - 1,662,960,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang1" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-en" href="//en.wikipedia.org/" title="English — Wikipedia — The Free Encyclopedia" class="link-box" data-slogan="The Free Encyclopedia">
<strong>English</strong>
<small>7,141,000+ <span>articles</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #2. ja.wikipedia.org - 205,252,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang2" lang="ja" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-ja" href="//ja.wikipedia.org/" title="Nihongo — ウィキペディア — フリー百科事典" class="link-box" data-slogan="フリー百科事典">
<strong>日本語</strong>
<small>1,491,000+ <span>記事</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #3. de.wikipedia.org - 173,570,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang3" lang="de" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-de" href="//de.wikipedia.org/" title="Deutsch — Wikipedia — Die freie Enzyklopädie" class="link-box" data-slogan="Die freie Enzyklopädie">
<strong>Deutsch</strong>
<small>3.099.000+ <span>Artikel</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #4. ru.wikipedia.org - 154,560,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang4" lang="ru" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-ru" href="//ru.wikipedia.org/" title="Russkiy — Википедия — Свободная энциклопедия" class="link-box" data-slogan="Свободная энциклопедия">
<strong>Русский</strong>
<small>2 087 000+ <span>статей</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #5. fr.wikipedia.org - 147,379,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang5" lang="fr" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-fr" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/" title="Français — Wikipédia — L’encyclopédie libre" class="link-box" data-slogan="L’encyclopédie libre">
<strong>Français</strong>
<small>2 740 000+ <span>articles</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #6. es.wikipedia.org - 125,656,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang6" lang="es" dir="ltr">
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<li><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/" lang="en" title="English">English</a></li>
<li><a href="//es.wikipedia.org/" lang="es" title="Español">Español</a></li>
<li><a href="//fa.wikipedia.org/" lang="fa" title="Fārsi"><bdi dir="rtl">فارسی</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/" lang="fr">Français</a></li>
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<li><a href="//pt.wikipedia.org/" lang="pt">Português</a></li>
<li><a href="//ceb.wikipedia.org/" lang="ceb">Sinugboanong Binisaya</a></li>
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<li><a href="//bg.wikipedia.org/" lang="bg" title="Bǎlgarski">Български</a></li>
<li><a href="//zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/" lang="nan" title="Bân-lâm-gú">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li>
<li><a href="//bn.wikipedia.org/" lang="bn" title="Bangla">বাংলা</a></li>
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<li><a href="//ca.wikipedia.org/" lang="ca">Català</a></li>
<li><a href="//cs.wikipedia.org/" lang="cs">Čeština</a></li>
<li><a href="//cy.wikipedia.org/" lang="cy">Cymraeg</a></li>
<li><a href="//da.wikipedia.org/" lang="da">Dansk</a></li>
<li><a href="//et.wikipedia.org/" lang="et">Eesti</a></li>
<li><a href="//el.wikipedia.org/" lang="el" title="Ellīniká">Ελληνικά</a></li>
<li><a href="//eo.wikipedia.org/" lang="eo">Esperanto</a></li>
<li><a href="//eu.wikipedia.org/" lang="eu">Euskara</a></li>
<li><a href="//gl.wikipedia.org/" lang="gl" title="Galego">Galego</a></li>
<li><a href="//ko.wikipedia.org/" lang="ko" title="Hangugeo">한국어</a></li>
<li><a href="//hy.wikipedia.org/" lang="hy" title="Hayeren">Հայերեն</a></li>
<li><a href="//hi.wikipedia.org/" lang="hi" title="Hindī">हिन्दी</a></li>
<li><a href="//hr.wikipedia.org/" lang="hr">Hrvatski</a></li>
<li><a href="//id.wikipedia.org/" lang="id" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li>
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<li><a href="//lt.wikipedia.org/" lang="lt">Lietuvių</a></li>
<li><a href="//hu.wikipedia.org/" lang="hu">Magyar</a></li>
<li><a href="//mk.wikipedia.org/" lang="mk" title="Makedonski">Македонски</a></li>
<li><a href="//mg.wikipedia.org/" lang="mg">Malagasy</a></li>
<li><a href="//mr.wikipedia.org/" lang="mr" title="Marathi">मराठी</a></li>
<li><a href="//ms.wikipedia.org/" lang="ms" title="Bahasa Melayu">Bahasa Melayu</a></li>
<li><a href="//min.wikipedia.org/" lang="min">Bahaso Minangkabau</a></li>
<li><a href="//my.wikipedia.org/" lang="my" title="Myanmarsar">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li>
<li lang="no">Norsk<ul><li><a href="//no.wikipedia.org/" lang="nb">bokmål</a></li><li><a href="//nn.wikipedia.org/" lang="nn">nynorsk</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="//ce.wikipedia.org/" lang="ce" title="Noxçiyn">Нохчийн</a></li>
<li><a href="//uz.wikipedia.org/" lang="uz">Oʻzbekcha / Ўзбекча</a></li>
<li><a href="//kk.wikipedia.org/" lang="kk"><span lang="kk-Cyrl">Қазақша</span> / <span lang="kk-Latn">Qazaqşa</span> / <bdi lang="kk-Arab" dir="rtl">قازاقشا</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/" lang="ro">Română</a></li>
<li><a href="//simple.wikipedia.org/" lang="en">Simple English</a></li>
<li><a href="//sk.wikipedia.org/" lang="sk">Slovenčina</a></li>
<li><a href="//sl.wikipedia.org/" lang="sl" title="Slovenščina">Slovenščina</a></li>
<li><a href="//sr.wikipedia.org/" lang="sr">Српски / Srpski</a></li>
<li><a href="//sh.wikipedia.org/" lang="sh">Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски</a></li>
<li><a href="//fi.wikipedia.org/" lang="fi">Suomi</a></li>
<li><a href="//sw.wikipedia.org/" lang="sw">Kiswahili</a></li>
<li><a href="//ta.wikipedia.org/" lang="ta" title="Tamiḻ">தமிழ்</a></li>
<li><a href="//tt.wikipedia.org/" lang="tt">Татарча / Tatarça</a></li>
<li><a href="//te.wikipedia.org/" lang="te" title="Telugu">తెలుగు</a></li>
<li><a href="//th.wikipedia.org/" lang="th" title="Phasa Thai">ภาษาไทย</a></li>
<li><a href="//tg.wikipedia.org/" lang="tg" title="Tojikī">Тоҷикӣ</a></li>
<li><a href="//azb.wikipedia.org/" lang="azb" title="Türkce"><bdi dir="rtl">تۆرکجه</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//tr.wikipedia.org/" lang="tr" title="Türkçe">Türkçe</a></li>
<li><a href="//ur.wikipedia.org/" lang="ur" title="Urdu"><bdi dir="rtl">اردو</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//zh-yue.wikipedia.org/" lang="yue">粵語</a></li>
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<div class="langlist hlist" data-el-section="secondary links">
<ul>
<li><a href="//ace.wikipedia.org/" lang="ace">Bahsa Acèh</a></li>
<li><a href="//als.wikipedia.org/" lang="gsw">Alemannisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//am.wikipedia.org/" lang="am" title="Āmariññā">አማርኛ</a></li>
<li><a href="//an.wikipedia.org/" lang="an">Aragonés</a></li>
<li><a href="//hyw.wikipedia.org/" lang="hyw" title="Arevmdahayeren">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li>
<li><a href="//gor.wikipedia.org/" lang="gor">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li>
<li><a href="//ban.wikipedia.org/" lang="ban" title="Basa Bali">Basa Bali</a></li>
<li><a href="//bjn.wikipedia.org/" lang="bjn">Bahasa Banjar</a></li>
<li><a href="//map-bms.wikipedia.org/" lang="map-x-bms">Basa Banyumasan</a></li>
<li><a href="//ba.wikipedia.org/" lang="ba" title="Başqortsa">Башҡортса</a></li>
<li><a href="//be-tarask.wikipedia.org/" lang="be-tarask" title="Bielaruskaja (taraškievica)">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li>
<li><a href="//bcl.wikipedia.org/" lang="bcl">Bikol Central</a></li>
<li><a href="//bpy.wikipedia.org/" lang="bpy" title="Bishnupriya Manipuri">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li>
<li><a href="//bar.wikipedia.org/" lang="bar">Boarisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//bs.wikipedia.org/" lang="bs">Bosanski</a></li>
<li><a href="//br.wikipedia.org/" lang="br">Brezhoneg</a></li>
<li><a href="//cv.wikipedia.org/" lang="cv" title="Čăvašla">Чӑвашла</a></li>
<li><a href="//dag.wikipedia.org/" lang="dag">Dagbanli</a></li>
<li><a href="//ary.wikipedia.org/" lang="ary" title="Darija"><bdi dir="rtl">الدارجة</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//nv.wikipedia.org/" lang="nv">Diné Bizaad</a></li>
<li><a href="//eml.wikipedia.org/" lang="roa-x-eml">Emigliàn–Rumagnòl</a></li>
<li><a href="//hif.wikipedia.org/" lang="hif">Fiji Hindi</a></li>
<li><a href="//fo.wikipedia.org/" lang="fo">Føroyskt</a></li>
<li><a href="//fy.wikipedia.org/" lang="fy">Frysk</a></li>
<li><a href="//ff.wikipedia.org/" lang="ff">Fulfulde</a></li>
<li><a href="//ga.wikipedia.org/" lang="ga">Gaeilge</a></li>
<li><a href="//gd.wikipedia.org/" lang="gd">Gàidhlig</a></li>
<li><a href="//glk.wikipedia.org/" lang="glk" title="Giləki"><bdi dir="rtl">گیلکی</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//gu.wikipedia.org/" lang="gu" title="Gujarati">ગુજરાતી</a></li>
<li><a href="//hak.wikipedia.org/" lang="hak">Hak-kâ-ngî / 客家語</a></li>
<li><a href="//ha.wikipedia.org/" lang="ha">Hausa</a></li>
<li><a href="//hsb.wikipedia.org/" lang="hsb">Hornjoserbsce</a></li>
<li><a href="//io.wikipedia.org/" lang="io">Ido</a></li>
<li><a href="//ig.wikipedia.org/" lang="ig">Igbo</a></li>
<li><a href="//ilo.wikipedia.org/" lang="ilo">Ilokano</a></li>
<li><a href="//ia.wikipedia.org/" lang="ia">Interlingua</a></li>
<li><a href="//ie.wikipedia.org/" lang="ie">Interlingue</a></li>
<li><a href="//os.wikipedia.org/" lang="os" title="Iron">Ирон</a></li>
<li><a href="//is.wikipedia.org/" lang="is">Íslenska</a></li>
<li><a href="//jv.wikipedia.org/" lang="jv">Jawa</a></li>
<li><a href="//kn.wikipedia.org/" lang="kn" title="Kannada">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li>
<li><a href="//pam.wikipedia.org/" lang="pam">Kapampangan</a></li>
<li><a href="//km.wikipedia.org/" lang="km" title="Phéasa Khmér">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li>
<li><a href="//avk.wikipedia.org/" lang="avk">Kotava</a></li>
<li><a href="//ht.wikipedia.org/" lang="ht">Kreyòl Ayisyen</a></li>
<li><a href="//ku.wikipedia.org/" lang="ku"><span lang="ku-Latn">Kurdî</span> / <bdi lang="ku-Arab" dir="rtl">كوردی</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//ckb.wikipedia.org/" lang="ckb" title="Kurdîy Nawendî"><bdi dir="rtl">کوردیی ناوەندی</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//ky.wikipedia.org/" lang="ky" title="Kyrgyzča">Кыргызча</a></li>
<li><a href="//mrj.wikipedia.org/" lang="mjr" title="Kyryk Mary">Кырык мары</a></li>
<li><a href="//lb.wikipedia.org/" lang="lb">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li>
<li><a href="//lij.wikipedia.org/" lang="lij">Lìgure</a></li>
<li><a href="//li.wikipedia.org/" lang="li">Limburgs</a></li>
<li><a href="//lmo.wikipedia.org/" lang="lmo">Lombard</a></li>
<li><a href="//mai.wikipedia.org/" lang="mai" title="Maithilī">मैथिली</a></li>
<li><a href="//ml.wikipedia.org/" lang="ml" title="Malayalam">മലയാളം</a></li>
<li><a href="//xmf.wikipedia.org/" lang="xmf" title="Margaluri">მარგალური</a></li>
<li><a href="//mzn.wikipedia.org/" lang="mzn" title="Mäzeruni"><bdi dir="rtl">مازِرونی</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//cdo.wikipedia.org/" lang="cdo" title="Ming-deng-ngu">Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ / 閩東語</a></li>
<li><a href="//mn.wikipedia.org/" lang="mn" title="Mongol">Монгол</a></li>
<li><a href="//nap.wikipedia.org/" lang="nap">Napulitano</a></li>
<li><a href="//new.wikipedia.org/" lang="new" title="Nepal Bhasa">नेपाल भाषा</a></li>
<li><a href="//frr.wikipedia.org/" lang="frr">Nordfriisk</a></li>
<li><a href="//oc.wikipedia.org/" lang="oc">Occitan</a></li>
<li><a href="//mhr.wikipedia.org/" lang="mhr" title="Olyk Marij">Олык марий</a></li>
<li><a href="//or.wikipedia.org/" lang="or" title="Oṛiā">ଓଡି଼ଆ</a></li>
<li><a href="//as.wikipedia.org/" lang="as" title="Ôxômiya">অসমীযা়</a></li>
<li><a href="//pa.wikipedia.org/" lang="pa" title="Pañjābī (Gurmukhī)">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li>
<li><a href="//pnb.wikipedia.org/" lang="pnb" title="Pañjābī (Shāhmukhī)"><bdi dir="rtl">پنجابی (شاہ مکھی)</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//ps.wikipedia.org/" lang="ps" title="Paʂto"><bdi dir="rtl">پښتو</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//pms.wikipedia.org/" lang="pms">Piemontèis</a></li>
<li><a href="//nds.wikipedia.org/" lang="nds">Plattdüütsch</a></li>
<li><a href="//kaa.wikipedia.org/" lang="kaa">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li>
<li><a href="//crh.wikipedia.org/" lang="crh">Qırımtatarca</a></li>
<li><a href="//qu.wikipedia.org/" lang="qu">Runa Simi</a></li>
<li><a href="//rue.wikipedia.org/" lang="rue" title="Rusin’skyj">Русиньскый</a></li>
<li><a href="//sa.wikipedia.org/" lang="sa" title="Saṃskṛtam">संस्कृतम्</a></li>
<li><a href="//sat.wikipedia.org/" lang="sat" title="Santali">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li>
<li><a href="//skr.wikipedia.org/" lang="skr" title="Saraiki">سرائیکی</a></li>
<li><a href="//sah.wikipedia.org/" lang="sah" title="Saxa Tyla">Саха Тыла</a></li>
<li><a href="//sco.wikipedia.org/" lang="sco">Scots</a></li>
<li><a href="//sn.wikipedia.org/" lang="sn">ChiShona</a></li>
<li><a href="//scn.wikipedia.org/" lang="scn">Sicilianu</a></li>
<li><a href="//si.wikipedia.org/" lang="si" title="Siṃhala">සිංහල</a></li>
<li><a href="//sd.wikipedia.org/" lang="sd" title="Sindhī"><bdi dir="rtl">سنڌي</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//szl.wikipedia.org/" lang="szl">Ślůnski</a></li>
<li><a href="//so.wikipedia.org/" lang="so">Soomaaliga</a></li>
<li><a href="//su.wikipedia.org/" lang="su">Basa Sunda</a></li>
<li><a href="//shi.wikipedia.org/" lang="shi">Taclḥit</a></li>
<li><a href="//tl.wikipedia.org/" lang="tl">Tagalog</a></li>
<li><a href="//shn.wikipedia.org/" lang="shn">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး</a></li>
<li><a href="//zgh.wikipedia.org/" lang="zgh" title="Tamazight tanawayt">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li>
<li><a href="//tly.wikipedia.org/" lang="tly">tolışi</a></li>
<li><a href="//tum.wikipedia.org/" lang="tum">chiTumbuka</a></li>
<li><a href="//bug.wikipedia.org/" lang="bug">Basa Ugi</a></li>
<li><a href="//vec.wikipedia.org/" lang="vec">Vèneto</a></li>
<li><a href="//vo.wikipedia.org/" lang="vo">Volapük</a></li>
<li><a href="//wa.wikipedia.org/" lang="wa">Walon</a></li>
<li><a href="//zh-classical.wikipedia.org/" lang="lzh" title="Wényán">文言</a></li>
<li><a href="//wuu.wikipedia.org/" lang="wuu" title="Wúyǔ">吴语</a></li>
<li><a href="//yi.wikipedia.org/" lang="yi" title="Yidiš"><bdi dir="rtl">ייִדיש</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//yo.wikipedia.org/" lang="yo">Yorùbá</a></li>
<li><a href="//diq.wikipedia.org/" lang="diq">Zazaki</a></li>
<li><a href="//bat-smg.wikipedia.org/" lang="sgs">Žemaitėška</a></li>
<li><a href="//zu.wikipedia.org/" lang="zu">isiZulu</a></li>
<li><a href="//ne.wikipedia.org/" lang="ne" title="Nepālī">नेपाली</a></li>
<li><a href="//mni.wikipedia.org/" lang="mni">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 class="bookshelf-container">
<span class="bookshelf">
<span class="text">
<bdi dir="ltr">
1,000+
</bdi>
<span class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.entries">
articles
</span>
</span>
</span>
</h2>
<div class="langlist hlist" data-el-section="secondary links">
<ul>
<li><a href="//lad.wikipedia.org/" lang="lad"><span lang="lad-Latn">Dzhudezmo</span> / <bdi lang="lad-Hebr" dir="rtl">לאדינו</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//kbd.wikipedia.org/" lang="kbd" title="Adighabze">Адыгэбзэ</a></li>
<li><a href="//ang.wikipedia.org/" lang="ang">Ænglisc</a></li>
<li><a href="//smn.wikipedia.org/" lang="smn" title="Anarâškielâ">Anarâškielâ</a></li>
<li><a href="//anp.wikipedia.org/" lang="anp" title="Angika">अंगिका</a></li>
<li><a href="//ab.wikipedia.org/" lang="ab" title="Aṗsshwa">Аԥсшәа</a></li>
<li><a href="//roa-rup.wikipedia.org/" lang="rup">armãneashti</a></li>
<li><a href="//frp.wikipedia.org/" lang="frp">Arpitan</a></li>
<li><a href="//atj.wikipedia.org/" lang="atj">atikamekw</a></li>
<li><a href="//arc.wikipedia.org/" lang="arc" title="Ātûrāyâ"><bdi dir="rtl">ܐܬܘܪܝܐ</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//gn.wikipedia.org/" lang="gn">Avañe’ẽ</a></li>
<li><a href="//av.wikipedia.org/" lang="av" title="Avar">Авар</a></li>
<li><a href="//ay.wikipedia.org/" lang="ay">Aymar</a></li>
<li><a href="//bbc.wikipedia.org/" lang="bbc">Batak Toba</a></li>
<li><a href="//bew.wikipedia.org/" lang="bew">Betawi</a></li>
<li><a href="//bh.wikipedia.org/" lang="bh" title="Bhōjapurī">भोजपुरी</a></li>
<li><a href="//bi.wikipedia.org/" lang="bi">Bislama</a></li>
<li><a href="//bo.wikipedia.org/" lang="bo" title="Bod Skad">བོད་ཡིག</a></li>
<li><a href="//bxr.wikipedia.org/" lang="bxr" title="Buryad">Буряад</a></li>
<li><a href="//cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/" lang="cbk-x-zam">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li>
<li><a href="//ny.wikipedia.org/" lang="ny">Chichewa</a></li>
<li><a href="//co.wikipedia.org/" lang="co">Corsu</a></li>
<li><a href="//za.wikipedia.org/" lang="za">Vahcuengh / 話僮</a></li>
<li><a href="//dga.wikipedia.org/" lang="dga">Dagaare</a></li>
<li><a href="//se.wikipedia.org/" lang="se" title="Davvisámegiella">Davvisámegiella</a></li>
<li><a href="//pdc.wikipedia.org/" lang="pdc">Deitsch</a></li>
<li><a href="//dv.wikipedia.org/" lang="dv" title="Divehi"><bdi dir="rtl">ދިވެހިބަސް</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//dsb.wikipedia.org/" lang="dsb">Dolnoserbski</a></li>
<li><a href="//myv.wikipedia.org/" lang="myv" title="Erzjanj">Эрзянь</a></li>
<li><a href="//ext.wikipedia.org/" lang="ext">Estremeñu</a></li>
<li><a href="//ee.wikipedia.org/" lang="ee">Eʋegbe</a></li>
<li><a href="//gur.wikipedia.org/" lang="gur">Farefare</a></li>
<li><a href="//fon.wikipedia.org/" lang="fon">Fɔ̀ngbè</a></li>
<li><a href="//fur.wikipedia.org/" lang="fur">Furlan</a></li>
<li><a href="//gv.wikipedia.org/" lang="gv">Gaelg</a></li>
<li><a href="//gag.wikipedia.org/" lang="gag">Gagauz</a></li>
<li><a href="//inh.wikipedia.org/" lang="inh" title="Ghalghai">ГӀалгӀай</a></li>
<li><a href="//gpe.wikipedia.org/" lang="gpe">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li>
<li><a href="//ki.wikipedia.org/" lang="ki">Gĩkũyũ</a></li>
<li><a href="//gan.wikipedia.org/" lang="gan" title="Gon ua" data-hans="赣语" data-hant="贛語" class="jscnconv">赣语 / 贛語</a></li>
<li><a href="//guw.wikipedia.org/" lang="guw">Gungbe</a></li>
<li><a href="//got.wikipedia.org/" lang="got" title="Gutisk">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li>
<li><a href="//xal.wikipedia.org/" lang="xal" title="Halʹmg">Хальмг</a></li>
<li><a href="//haw.wikipedia.org/" lang="haw">ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi</a></li>
<li><a href="//rw.wikipedia.org/" lang="rw">Ikinyarwanda</a></li>
<li><a href="//iba.wikipedia.org/" lang="iba">Jaku Iban</a></li>
<li><a href="//kbp.wikipedia.org/" lang="kbp">Kabɩyɛ</a></li>
<li><a href="//dtp.wikipedia.org/" lang="dtp">Kadazandusun</a></li>
<li><a href="//knc.wikipedia.org/" lang="knc">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li>
<li><a href="//csb.wikipedia.org/" lang="csb">Kaszëbsczi</a></li>
<li><a href="//kw.wikipedia.org/" lang="kw">Kernewek</a></li>
<li><a href="//kv.wikipedia.org/" lang="kv" title="Komi">Коми</a></li>
<li><a href="//koi.wikipedia.org/" lang="koi" title="Perem Komi">Перем коми</a></li>
<li><a href="//kg.wikipedia.org/" lang="kg">Kongo</a></li>
<li><a href="//gom.wikipedia.org/" lang="gom">कोंकणी / Konknni</a></li>
<li><a href="//ks.wikipedia.org/" lang="ks" title="Koshur"><bdi dir="rtl">كٲشُر</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//gcr.wikipedia.org/" lang="gcr">Kriyòl Gwiyannen</a></li>
<li><a href="//kge.wikipedia.org/" lang="kge">Kumoring</a></li>
<li><a href="//kus.wikipedia.org/" lang="kus">Kʋsaal</a></li>
<li><a href="//lo.wikipedia.org/" lang="lo" title="Phaasaa Laao">ພາສາລາວ</a></li>
<li><a href="//lbe.wikipedia.org/" lang="lbe" title="Lakku">Лакку</a></li>
<li><a href="//ltg.wikipedia.org/" lang="ltg">Latgaļu</a></li>
<li><a href="//lez.wikipedia.org/" lang="lez" title="Lezgi">Лезги</a></li>
<li><a href="//nia.wikipedia.org/" lang="nia">Li Niha</a></li>
<li><a href="//ln.wikipedia.org/" lang="ln">Lingála</a></li>
<li><a href="//lfn.wikipedia.org/" lang="lfn">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li>
<li><a href="//olo.wikipedia.org/" lang="olo">livvinkarjala</a></li>
<li><a href="//jbo.wikipedia.org/" lang="jbo">lojban</a></li>
<li><a href="//lg.wikipedia.org/" lang="lg">Luganda</a></li>
<li><a href="//mad.wikipedia.org/" lang="mad">Madhurâ</a></li>
<li><a href="//mt.wikipedia.org/" lang="mt">Malti</a></li>
<li><a href="//btm.wikipedia.org/" lang="btm">Mandailing</a></li>
<li><a href="//mi.wikipedia.org/" lang="mi">Māori</a></li>
<li><a href="//fat.wikipedia.org/" lang="fat">Mfantse</a></li>
<li><a href="//mwl.wikipedia.org/" lang="mwl">Mirandés</a></li>
<li><a href="//mdf.wikipedia.org/" lang="mdf" title="Mokšenj">Мокшень</a></li>
<li><a href="//mnw.wikipedia.org/" lang="mnw">ဘာသာ မန်</a></li>
<li><a href="//mos.wikipedia.org/" lang="mos">Moore</a></li>
<li><a href="//nqo.wikipedia.org/" lang="nqo" title="N'Ko">ߒߞߏ</a></li>
<li><a href="//fj.wikipedia.org/" lang="fj">Na Vosa Vaka-Viti</a></li>
<li><a href="//nah.wikipedia.org/" lang="nah">Nāhuatlahtōlli</a></li>
<li><a href="//pcm.wikipedia.org/" lang="pcm">Naijá</a></li>
<li><a href="//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/" lang="nds-nl">Nedersaksisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//nrm.wikipedia.org/" lang="roa-x-nrm">Nouormand / Normaund</a></li>
<li><a href="//nov.wikipedia.org/" lang="nov">Novial</a></li>
<li><a href="//om.wikipedia.org/" lang="om">Afaan Oromoo</a></li>
<li><a href="//blk.wikipedia.org/" lang="blk">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li>
<li><a href="//pag.wikipedia.org/" lang="pag">Pangasinán</a></li>
<li><a href="//ami.wikipedia.org/" lang="ami">Pangcah</a></li>
<li><a href="//pap.wikipedia.org/" lang="pap">Papiamentu</a></li>
<li><a href="//jam.wikipedia.org/" lang="jam">Patois</a></li>
<li><a href="//pfl.wikipedia.org/" lang="pfl">Pfälzisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//pcd.wikipedia.org/" lang="pcd">Picard</a></li>
<li><a href="//krc.wikipedia.org/" lang="krc" title="Qaraçay–Malqar">Къарачай–малкъар</a></li>
<li><a href="//ksh.wikipedia.org/" lang="ksh">Ripoarisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//rm.wikipedia.org/" lang="rm">Rumantsch</a></li>
<li><a href="//rsk.wikipedia.org/" lang="rsk" title="Ruski">Руски</a></li>
<li><a href="//szy.wikipedia.org/" lang="szy">Sakizaya</a></li>
<li><a href="//sm.wikipedia.org/" lang="sm">Gagana Sāmoa</a></li>
<li><a href="//sc.wikipedia.org/" lang="sc">Sardu</a></li>
<li><a href="//trv.wikipedia.org/" lang="trv">Seediq</a></li>
<li><a href="//stq.wikipedia.org/" lang="stq">Seeltersk</a></li>
<li><a href="//st.wikipedia.org/" lang="st">Sesotho</a></li>
<li><a href="//nso.wikipedia.org/" lang="nso">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li>
<li><a href="//tn.wikipedia.org/" lang="tn">Setswana</a></li>
<li><a href="//syl.wikipedia.org/" lang="syl" title="Silôṭi">ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ</a></li>
<li><a href="//cu.wikipedia.org/" lang="cu" title="Slověnĭskŭ">Словѣ́ньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li>
<li><a href="//srn.wikipedia.org/" lang="srn">Sranantongo</a></li>
<li><a href="//ss.wikipedia.org/" lang="ss">SiSwati</a></li>
<li><a href="//ty.wikipedia.org/" lang="ty">Reo tahiti</a></li>
<li><a href="//kab.wikipedia.org/" lang="kab" title="Taqbaylit">Taqbaylit</a></li>
<li><a href="//roa-tara.wikipedia.org/" lang="roa">Tarandíne</a></li>
<li><a href="//tay.wikipedia.org/" lang="tay">Tayal</a></li>
<li><a href="//tet.wikipedia.org/" lang="tet">Tetun</a></li>
<li><a href="//tpi.wikipedia.org/" lang="tpi">Tok Pisin</a></li>
<li><a href="//tok.wikipedia.org/" lang="tok" title="toki pona">toki pona</a></li>
<li><a href="//to.wikipedia.org/" lang="to">faka Tonga</a></li>
<li><a href="//tk.wikipedia.org/" lang="tk">Türkmençe</a></li>
<li><a href="//tw.wikipedia.org/" lang="tw">Twi</a></li>
<li><a href="//kcg.wikipedia.org/" lang="kcg">Tyap</a></li>
<li><a href="//tyv.wikipedia.org/" lang="tyv" title="Tyva dyl">Тыва дыл</a></li>
<li><a href="//udm.wikipedia.org/" lang="udm" title="Udmurt">Удмурт</a></li>
<li><a href="//ug.wikipedia.org/" lang="ug"><bdi dir="rtl">ئۇيغۇرچه</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//vep.wikipedia.org/" lang="vep">Vepsän</a></li>
<li><a href="//fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/" lang="vro">võro</a></li>
<li><a href="//vls.wikipedia.org/" lang="vls">West-Vlams</a></li>
<li><a href="//wo.wikipedia.org/" lang="wo">Wolof</a></li>
<li><a href="//xh.wikipedia.org/" lang="xh">isiXhosa</a></li>
<li><a href="//zea.wikipedia.org/" lang="zea">Zeêuws</a></li>
<li><a href="//alt.wikipedia.org/" lang="alt">алтай тил</a></li>
<li><a href="//awa.wikipedia.org/" lang="awa">अवधी</a></li>
<li><a href="//dty.wikipedia.org/" lang="dty">डोटेली</a></li>
<li><a href="//tcy.wikipedia.org/" lang="tcy">ತುಳು</a></li>
<li><a href="//rki.wikipedia.org/" lang="rki">ရခိုင်</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 class="bookshelf-container">
<span class="bookshelf">
<span class="text">
<bdi dir="ltr">
100+
</bdi>
<span class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.entries">
articles
</span>
</span>
</span>
</h2>
<div class="langlist langlist-tiny hlist" data-el-section="secondary links">
<ul>
<li><a href="//bdr.wikipedia.org/" lang="bdr">Bajau Sama</a></li>
<li><a href="//bm.wikipedia.org/" lang="bm">Bamanankan</a></li>
<li><a href="//ch.wikipedia.org/" lang="ch">Chamoru</a></li>
<li><a href="//dz.wikipedia.org/" lang="dz" title="Rdzong-Kha">རྫོང་ཁ</a></li>
<li><a href="//igl.wikipedia.org/" lang="igl">Igala</a></li>
<li><a href="//iu.wikipedia.org/" lang="iu">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / Inuktitut</a></li>
<li><a href="//ik.wikipedia.org/" lang="ik">Iñupiak</a></li>
<li><a href="//nr.wikipedia.org/" lang="nr" title="isiNdebele seSewula">isiNdebele seSewula</a></li>
<li><a href="//kaj.wikipedia.org/" lang="kaj">Jju</a></li>
<li><a href="//ppl.wikipedia.org/" lang="ppl">Nawat</a></li>
<li><a href="//nup.wikipedia.org/" lang="nup">Nupe</a></li>
<li><a href="//ann.wikipedia.org/" lang="ann">Obolo</a></li>
<li><a href="//pi.wikipedia.org/" lang="pi" title="Pāḷi">पालि</a></li>
<li><a href="//pwn.wikipedia.org/" lang="pwn">pinayuanan</a></li>
<li><a href="//pnt.wikipedia.org/" lang="pnt" title="Pontiaká">Ποντιακά</a></li>
<li><a href="//rmy.wikipedia.org/" lang="rmy">Romani čhib</a></li>
<li><a href="//rn.wikipedia.org/" lang="rn">Ikirundi</a></li>
<li><a href="//sg.wikipedia.org/" lang="sg">Sängö</a></li>
<li><a href="//tdd.wikipedia.org/" lang="tdd" title="Tai taɯ xoŋ">ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ</a></li>
<li><a href="//ti.wikipedia.org/" lang="ti" title="Təgərəña">ትግርኛ</a></li>
<li><a href="//din.wikipedia.org/" lang="din">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li>
<li><a href="//chr.wikipedia.org/" lang="chr" title="Tsalagi">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li>
<li><a href="//chy.wikipedia.org/" lang="chy">Tsėhesenėstsestotse</a></li>
<li><a href="//ts.wikipedia.org/" lang="ts">Xitsonga</a></li>
<li><a href="//ve.wikipedia.org/" lang="ve">Tshivenḓa</a></li>
<li><a href="//guc.wikipedia.org/" lang="guc">Wayuunaiki</a></li>
<li><a href="//ady.wikipedia.org/" lang="ady">адыгабзэ</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="langlist langlist-others hlist" data-el-section="other languages">
<a class="jsl10n" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/List_of_Wikipedias" lang data-jsl10n="other-languages-label">Other languages</a>
</div></div>
</div>
</nav>
<hr>
</main>
<footer class="footer" data-el-section="other projects">
<div class="footer-sidebar">
<div class="footer-sidebar-content">
<div class="footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-Wikimedia-logo_black">
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar-text jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.footer-description">
Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects.
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar-text">
<a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_medium=portal&wmf_campaign=portalFooter&wmf_source=portalFooter" target="_blank">
<span class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="footer-donate">You can support our work with a donation.</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar app-badges">
<div class="footer-sidebar-content">
<div class="footer-sidebar-text">
<div class="footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-wikipedia_app_tile"></div>
<strong class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.title">
<a class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.url" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_mobile_applications">
Download Wikipedia for Android or iOS
</a>
</strong>
<p class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.description">
Save your favorite articles to read offline, sync your reading lists across devices and customize your reading experience with the official Wikipedia app.
</p>
<ul>
<li class="app-badge app-badge-android">
<a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia&referrer=utm_source%3Dportal%26utm_medium%3Dbutton%26anid%3Dadmob">
<span class="jsl10n sprite svg-badge_google_play_store" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.google-store">Google Play Store</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="app-badge app-badge-ios">
<a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://itunes.apple.com/app/apple-store/id324715238?pt=208305&ct=portal&mt=8">
<span class="jsl10n sprite svg-badge_ios_app_store" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.apple-store">Apple App Store</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar wikipedia25-footer-sidebar">
<div class="footer-sidebar-content">
<div class="footer-sidebar-text">
<span class="cdx-toggle-switch cdx-toggle-switch--align-switch">
<input id="wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch" class="cdx-toggle-switch__input" type="checkbox">
<span class="cdx-toggle-switch__switch">
<span class="cdx-toggle-switch__switch__grip"></span>
</span>
<div class="cdx-toggle-switch__label cdx-label">
<label class="cdx-label__label jsl10n" for="wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.birthday-mode-toggle-text">
Birthday mode
</label>
</div>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<nav data-jsl10n="other-projects-nav-label" aria-label="Other projects" class="other-projects">
<div class="other-project">
<a class="other-project-link" href="//commons.wikiPage Title
Wikipedia
Response Headers
{
"accept-ranges": "bytes",
"age": "62190",
"cache-control": "s-maxage=86400, must-revalidate, max-age=3600",
"content-encoding": "gzip",
"content-length": "27056",
"content-type": "text/html",
"date": "Tue, 24 Mar 2026 01:40:57 GMT",
"etag": "W/\"1fb73-64b80643ed380\"",
"last-modified": "Mon, 23 Feb 2026 16:37:50 GMT",
"nel": "{ \"report_to\": \"wm_nel\", \"max_age\": 604800, \"failure_fraction\": 0.05, \"success_fraction\": 0.0}",
"report-to": "{ \"group\": \"wm_nel\", \"max_age\": 604800, \"endpoints\": [{ \"url\": \"https://intake-logging.wikimedia.org/v1/events?stream=w3c.reportingapi.network_error&schema_uri=/w3c/reportingapi/network_error/1.0.0\" }] }",
"server": "mw-web.eqiad.main-5b577d4c78-ns2xx",
"server-timing": "cache;desc=\"hit-front\", host;desc=\"cp1104\"",
"set-cookie": "WMF-Last-Access=24-Mar-2026;Path=/;HttpOnly;secure;Expires=Sat, 25 Apr 2026 12:00:00 GMT, NetworkProbeLimit=0.001;Path=/;Secure;SameSite=None;Max-Age=3600, WMF-Uniq=UdgybvLsToVq1MNhkq3PcgMtAAEBAFvdVOazlEd6vcBNOQzGLV2w1tW6jSltVEIl;Domain=.wikipedia.org;Path=/;HttpOnly;secure;SameSite=None;Expires=Wed, 24 Mar 2027 00:00:00 GMT",
"strict-transport-security": "max-age=106384710; includeSubDomains; preload",
"vary": "Accept-Encoding",
"x-analytics": "",
"x-cache": "cp1104 miss, cp1104 hit/1334338",
"x-cache-status": "hit-front",
"x-client-ip": "164.152.16.112",
"x-request-id": "2ab8ec43-339d-47bf-ba0b-736518811944"
}Request Options
{
"proxy": {
"type": "datacenter"
},
"scraper_options": {
"impersonate": "chrome"
},
"url": "https://wikipedia.org"
}No network requests captured.
Network capture is only available for browser-based scrapers (Playwright, Scrapling).
Protections
No protection findings were detected for this method.
Structured Metadata
Open Graph
[
{
"namespace": {
"og": "http://ogp.me/ns#"
},
"properties": [
[
"og:url",
""
],
[
"og:title",
"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"
],
[
"og:type",
"website"
],
[
"og:description",
"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation."
],
[
"og:image",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png"
]
]
}
]Scraper Response Data
Response payload
{
"content": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\" class=\"no-js\">\n<head>\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikipedia</title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<script>\ndocument.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( /(^|\\s)no-js(\\s|$)/, \"$1js-enabled$2\" );\n /**\n * Initialize Wikipedia25. Check if disabled via cookie; if\n * active, apply the enabled class and randomly assign a video variant class\n */\n (function() {\n var cookieName = 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-disabled';\n if ( document.cookie.indexOf( cookieName + '=1' ) === -1 ) {\n document.documentElement.classList.add( 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled' );\n }\n })();\n</script>\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"initial-scale=1,user-scalable=yes\">\n<link rel=\"apple-touch-icon\" href=\"/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png\">\n<link rel=\"shortcut icon\" href=\"/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico\">\n<link rel=\"license\" href=\"//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\">\n<style>\n.sprite{background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/sprite-e49fbf32.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.svg-Commons-logo_sister{background-position:0 0;width:47px;height:47px}.svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -47px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Meta-Wiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -89px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikibooks-logo_sister{background-position:0 -126px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikidata-logo_sister{background-position:0 -163px;width:49px;height:49px}.svg-Wikifunctions-logo_sister{background-position:0 -212px;width:50px;height:50px}.svg-Wikimedia-logo_black{background-position:0 -262px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{background-position:0 -304px;width:176px;height:32px}.svg-Wikiquote-logo_sister{background-position:0 -336px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikisource-logo_sister{background-position:0 -378px;width:39px;height:39px}.svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister{background-position:0 -417px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikiversity-logo_sister{background-position:0 -459px;width:43px;height:37px}.svg-Wikivoyage-logo_sister{background-position:0 -496px;width:36px;height:36px}.svg-Wiktionary-logo_sister{background-position:0 -532px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-arrow-down{background-position:0 -569px;width:12px;height:8px}.svg-arrow-down-blue{background-position:0 -577px;width:14px;height:14px}.svg-badge_google_play_store{background-position:0 -591px;width:124px;height:38px}.svg-badge_ios_app_store{background-position:0 -629px;width:110px;height:38px}.svg-language-icon{background-position:0 -667px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-noimage{background-position:0 -689px;width:58px;height:58px}.svg-search-icon{background-position:0 -747px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-wikipedia_app_tile{background-position:0 -769px;width:42px;height:42px}\n</style>\n<style>\n:root{--color-base:#202122;--color-base-fixed:#202122;--color-base--hover:#404244;--color-emphasized:#101418;--color-subtle:#54595d;--color-placeholder:#72777d;--color-disabled:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled-emphasized:#a2a9b1;--color-inverted:#fff;--color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--color-progressive:#36c;--color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--color-progressive--active:#233566;--color-progressive--focus:#36c;--color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--color-destructive--active:#612419;--color-destructive--focus:#36c;--color-visited:#6a60b0;--color-visited--hover:#534fa3;--color-visited--active:#353262;--color-destructive--visited:#9f5555;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#854848;--color-destructive--visited--active:#512e2e;--color-error:#bf3c2c;--color-error--hover:#9f3526;--color-error--active:#612419;--color-warning:#886425;--color-success:#177860;--color-notice:#404244;--color-icon-error:#f54739;--color-icon-warning:#ab7f2a;--color-icon-success:#099979;--color-icon-notice:#72777d;--color-content-added:#006400;--color-content-removed:#8b0000;--opacity-base:1;--opacity-medium:0.65;--opacity-low:0.3;--opacity-transparent:0;--filter-invert-icon:0;--filter-invert-primary-button-icon:1;--background-position-base:center;--background-size-search-figure:cover;--z-index-bottom:-100;--z-index-base:0;--z-index-above-content:1;--z-index-toolbar:2;--z-index-dropdown:50;--z-index-sticky:100;--z-index-fixed:200;--z-index-off-canvas-backdrop:300;--z-index-off-canvas:350;--z-index-overlay-backdrop:400;--z-index-overlay:450;--z-index-popover:700;--z-index-tooltip:800;--z-index-toast-notification:900;--z-index-top:9999;--z-index-stacking-0:0;--z-index-stacking-1:1;--z-index-stacking-2:2;--z-index-stacking-3:3;--box-sizing-base:border-box;--size-0:0;--size-6:0.0625rem;--size-12:0.125rem;--size-25:0.25rem;--size-50:0.5rem;--size-75:0.75rem;--size-100:1rem;--size-125:1.25rem;--size-150:1.5rem;--size-200:2rem;--size-250:2.5rem;--size-275:2.75rem;--size-300:3rem;--size-400:4rem;--size-800:8rem;--size-1200:12rem;--size-1600:16rem;--size-2400:24rem;--size-2800:28rem;--size-3200:32rem;--size-4000:40rem;--size-5600:56rem;--size-viewport-width-full:100vw;--size-viewport-height-full:100vh;--size-absolute-1:1px;--size-absolute-9999:9999px;--size-content-min:min-content;--size-content-fit:fit-content;--size-content-max:max-content;--size-third:33.33%;--size-half:50%;--size-full:100%;--size-double:200%;--size-search-figure:2.5rem;--max-width-base:none;--max-width-breakpoint-mobile:calc(640px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-tablet:calc(1120px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-desktop:calc(1680px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-button:28rem;--border-style-base:solid;--border-style-dashed:dashed;--box-shadow-inset-small:inset 0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-inset-medium:inset 0 0 0 2px;--box-shadow-inset-medium-vertical:inset 0 -2px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small:0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-outset-small-top:0 -1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom:0 1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-start:-1px 0 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-below:0 4px 4px 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-around:0 0 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-below:0 4px 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-around:0 0 16px 0;--box-shadow-color-base:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-progressive--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#3056a9;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#fff;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.06);--box-shadow-color-transparent:transparent;--font-family-base:sans-serif;--font-family-system-sans:-apple-system,\"BlinkMacSystemFont\",\"Segoe UI\",\"Roboto\",\"Inter\",\"Helvetica\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--font-family-sans--fallback:sans-serif;--font-family-serif:\"Linux Libertine\",\"Georgia\",\"Times\",\"Source Serif 4\",serif;--font-family-serif--fallback:serif;--font-family-monospace:\"Menlo\",\"Consolas\",\"Liberation Mono\",\"Fira Code\",\"Courier New\",monospace;--font-family-monospace--fallback:monospace,monospace;--font-family-heading-main:\"Linux Libertine\",\"Georgia\",\"Times\",\"Source Serif 4\",serif;--font-size-x-small:0.75rem;--font-size-small:0.875rem;--font-size-medium:1rem;--font-size-large:1.125rem;--font-size-x-large:1.25rem;--font-size-xx-large:1.5rem;--font-size-xxx-large:1.75rem;--font-weight-hairline:100;--font-weight-light:300;--font-weight-normal:400;--font-weight-semi-bold:600;--font-weight-bold:700;--line-height-x-small:1.25rem;--line-height-small:1.375rem;--line-height-medium:1.625rem;--line-height-large:1.75rem;--line-height-x-large:1.875rem;--line-height-xx-large:2.125rem;--line-height-xxx-large:2.375rem;--line-height-content:1.625;--text-decoration-none:none;--text-decoration-line-through:line-through;--text-decoration-underline:underline;--text-overflow-clip:clip;--text-overflow-ellipsis:ellipsis;--tab-size-base:4;--transform-checkbox-tick--checked:rotate(45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-start:rotate(-45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-end:rotate(315deg);--transition-duration-base:100ms;--transition-duration-medium:250ms;--transition-property-base:background-color,color,border-color,box-shadow;--transition-property-fade:opacity;--transition-property-icon:color;--transition-property-icon-css-only:background-color;--transition-property-toggle-switch-grip:background-color,border-color,transform;--transition-timing-function-system:ease;--transition-timing-function-user:ease-out;--animation-delay-none:0ms;--animation-delay-medium:-160ms;--animation-delay-slow:-320ms;--animation-duration-fast:1000ms;--animation-duration-medium:1600ms;--animation-duration-slow:2000ms;--animation-timing-function-base:linear;--animation-timing-function-bouncing:ease-in-out;--animation-iteration-count-base:infinite;--cursor-base:default;--cursor-base--disabled:default;--cursor-base--hover:pointer;--cursor-grab:grab;--cursor-grabbing:grabbing;--cursor-help:help;--cursor-move:move;--cursor-not-allowed:not-allowed;--cursor-resize-nesw:nesw-resize;--cursor-resize-nwse:nwse-resize;--cursor-text:text;--cursor-zoom-in:zoom-in;--cursor-zoom-out:zoom-out;--mix-blend-mode-base:normal;--mix-blend-mode-blend:multiply;--background-color-base:#fff;--background-color-base-fixed:#fff;--background-color-neutral:#eaecf0;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive--hover:#dadde3;--background-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-inverted:#101418;--background-color-progressive:#36c;--background-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--background-color-progressive--active:#233566;--background-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#f1f4fd;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#d9e2ff;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#b6d4fb;--background-color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--background-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--background-color-destructive--active:#612419;--background-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-error:#f54739;--background-color-error--hover:#d74032;--background-color-error--active:#bf3c2c;--background-color-error-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-warning-subtle:#fdf2d5;--background-color-success-subtle:#dff2eb;--background-color-notice-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--background-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--background-color-transparent:transparent;--background-color-backdrop-light:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-button-quiet--hover:rgba(0,24,73,0.027);--background-color-button-quiet--active:rgba(0,24,73,0.082);--background-color-input-binary--checked:#36c;--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--hover:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.3);--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--active:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--opacity-icon-base:0.87;--opacity-icon-base--hover:0.74;--opacity-icon-base--selected:1;--opacity-icon-base--disabled:0.51;--opacity-icon-placeholder:0.51;--opacity-icon-subtle:0.67;--min-size-interactive-pointer:32px;--min-size-interactive-touch:44px;--min-size-search-figure:40px;--min-size-icon-x-small:10px;--min-size-icon-small:14px;--min-size-icon-medium:18px;--min-size-input-binary:20px;--min-size-input-chip-clear-button:20px;--min-size-toggle-switch-grip:18px;--min-width-medium:256px;--min-width-breakpoint-mobile:320px;--min-width-breakpoint-tablet:640px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop:1120px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop-wide:1680px;--min-width-toggle-switch:42px;--spacing-0:0;--spacing-6:1px;--spacing-12:2px;--spacing-25:4px;--spacing-30:5px;--spacing-35:6px;--spacing-50:8px;--spacing-65:10px;--spacing-75:12px;--spacing-100:16px;--spacing-125:20px;--spacing-150:24px;--spacing-200:32px;--spacing-250:40px;--spacing-300:48px;--spacing-400:64px;--spacing-half:50%;--spacing-full:100%;--border-width-base:1px;--border-width-thick:2px;--border-width-input-radio--checked:6px;--border-color-base:#a2a9b1;--border-color-emphasized:#202122;--border-color-subtle:#c8ccd1;--border-color-muted:#dadde3;--border-color-interactive:#72777d;--border-color-interactive--hover:#27292d;--border-color-interactive--active:#202122;--border-color-disabled:#c8ccd1;--border-color-inverted:#fff;--border-color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--border-color-progressive:#6485d1;--border-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--border-color-progressive--active:#233566;--border-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--border-color-destructive:#f54739;--border-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-destructive--active:#612419;--border-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--border-color-error:#f54739;--border-color-error--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-error--active:#612419;--border-color-warning:#ab7f2a;--border-color-warning--hover:#735421;--border-color-warning--active:#453217;--border-color-success:#099979;--border-color-notice:#72777d;--border-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--border-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--border-color-transparent:transparent;--border-color-divider:#a2a9b1;--border-radius-base:2px;--border-radius-sharp:0;--border-radius-pill:9999px;--border-radius-circle:50%;--outline-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--min-height-text-area:64px;--min-height-table-header:40px;--min-height-table-footer:40px;--min-height-toggle-switch:28px;--max-height-chip:1.375rem;--color-link:var(--color-progressive);--color-link--hover:var(--color-progressive--hover);--color-link--active:var(--color-progressive--active);--color-link--focus:var(--color-progressive--focus);--color-link--visited:var(--color-visited);--color-link--visited--hover:var(--color-visited--hover);--color-link--visited--active:var(--color-visited--active);--color-link-red:var(--color-destructive);--color-link-red--hover:var(--color-destructive--hover);--color-link-red--active:var(--color-destructive--active);--color-link-red--focus:var(--color-destructive--focus);--color-link-red--visited:var(--color-destructive--visited);--color-link-red--visited--hover:var(--color-destructive--visited--hover);--color-link-red--visited--active:var(--color-destructive--visited--active);--size-icon-x-small:calc(var(--font-size-medium) - 4px);--size-icon-small:var(--font-size-medium);--size-icon-medium:calc(var(--font-size-medium) + 4px);--size-toggle-switch-grip:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--box-shadow-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-top:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-top) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-bottom:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--box-shadow-large:var(--box-shadow-outset-large-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-large-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--accent-color-base:#36c;--position-offset-border-width-base:-var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button:var(--spacing-75) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-icon-only:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small-icon-only:var(--spacing-12) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-large:var(--spacing-100) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-input-text-two-end-icons:calc(var(--spacing-50)*2 + var(--size-icon-small));--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure:var(--spacing-75);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-start:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*0.375);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-end:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--border-color-input--hover:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary--hover:var(--border-color-progressive--hover);--border-color-input-binary--active:var(--border-color-progressive--active);--border-color-input-binary--focus:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);--border-color-input-binary--checked:var(--border-color-progressive);--border-base:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-base);--border-subtle:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-subtle);--border-progressive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-progressive);--border-destructive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-destructive);--border-transparent:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-transparent);--outline-base--focus:var(--border-width-base) solid transparent;--width-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*3);--height-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*2);--spacing-start-typeahead-search-icon:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure)/2 - var(--min-size-icon-medium)/2);--spacing-typeahead-search-focus-addition:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure) - var(--min-size-icon-medium) - var(--spacing-50));--color-base--subtle:#54595d;--box-shadow-drop-xx-large:0 20px 48px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--font-family-sans:\"Helvetica Neue\",\"Helvetica\",\"Liberation Sans\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--line-height-xxx-small:1.4285714rem;--line-height-xx-small:1.5714285rem;--box-shadow-drop-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-drop-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}@media only screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--color-base:#eaecf0;--color-base--hover:#f8f9fa;--color-emphasized:#f8f9fa;--color-subtle:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled:#54595d;--color-disabled-emphasized:#72777d;--color-inverted:#101418;--color-progressive:#88a3e8;--color-progressive--hover:#a6bbf5;--color-progressive--active:#b6d4fb;--color-destructive:#fd7865;--color-destructive--hover:#fea898;--color-destructive--active:#ffc8bd;--color-visited:#a799cd;--color-visited--hover:#c5b9dd;--color-visited--active:#d9d0e9;--color-destructive--visited:#c99391;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#dcb5b3;--color-destructive--visited--active:#e8cecd;--color-error:#fd7865;--color-error--hover:#fea898;--color-error--active:#ffc8bd;--color-warning:#ca982e;--color-success:#2cb491;--color-notice:#a2a9b1;--color-content-added:#80cdb3;--color-content-removed:#fd7865;--color-base--subtle:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-base:#72777d;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#88a3e8;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#a6bbf5;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#b6d4fb;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#000;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);--mix-blend-mode-blend:screen;--background-color-base:#101418;--background-color-neutral:#27292d;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive:#27292d;--background-color-interactive--hover:#404244;--background-color-interactive--active:#54595d;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#27292d;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#404244;--background-color-disabled:#404244;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-inverted:#f8f9fa;--background-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#1b223d;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#233566;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#3056a9;--background-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-error-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-warning-subtle:#2d2212;--background-color-success-subtle:#132821;--background-color-notice-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-content-added:#233566;--background-color-content-removed:#453217;--background-color-backdrop-light:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--border-color-base:#72777d;--border-color-emphasized:#eaecf0;--border-color-subtle:#54595d;--border-color-muted:#404244;--border-color-interactive--hover:#a2a9b1;--border-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--border-color-disabled:#54595d;--border-color-inverted:#101418;--border-color-progressive--hover:#88a3e8;--border-color-progressive--active:#a6bbf5;--border-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-destructive--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-destructive--active:#fea898;--border-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-error--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-error--active:#fea898;--border-color-warning--hover:#ca982e;--border-color-warning--active:#edb537;--border-color-content-added:#233566;--border-color-content-removed:#987027}}:root{--color-print--visited:#520;--ss-pos-top:1rem;--ss-pos-right:1.2rem;--ss-pos-bottom:1.2rem;--ss-width:9.5rem;--ss-height:2.4rem;--ss-select-width:11rem;--ss-select-z-index:1;--ss-button-z-index:2}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-size:62.5%}body{margin:0}details,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:700}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:3.2rem;margin:1.2rem 0}small{font-size:1.3rem}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-.5em}sub{bottom:-.25em}figure{margin:1.6rem 4rem}hr{box-sizing:content-box}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:var(--font-family-monospace--fallback);font-size:1.4rem}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;box-sizing:content-box}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=search]:focus{outline-offset:-2px}fieldset{border:var(--border-base);margin:0 .2rem;padding:.6rem 1rem 1.2rem}legend{padding:0}optgroup{font-weight:700}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}.hidden{display:none!important}.screen-reader-text{display:block;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}body{background-color:var(--background-color-base);color:var(--color-base);font-family:var(--font-family-system-sans);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.5;margin:.4rem 0 1.6rem}main{padding:0 1.28rem}a{touch-action:manipulation}a,a:active,a:focus{unicode-bidi:embed;outline:0;color:var(--color-progressive);text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}img{vertical-align:middle}hr,img{border:0}hr{clear:both;height:0;border-bottom:var(--border-subtle);margin:.26rem 0}.pure-button{display:inline-block;zoom:1;line-height:normal;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-drag:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);color:var(--color-base);position:relative;min-height:1.92rem;min-width:1.6rem;margin:.16rem 0;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:top;transition:background .1s ease,color .1s ease,border-color .1s ease,box-shadow .1s ease}.pure-button::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border:0}.pure-button-hover,.pure-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base);border-color:var(--border-color-base);color:var(--color-base--hover)}.pure-button-active,.pure-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);border-color:var(--border-color-interactive);color:var(--color-emphasized)}.pure-button:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-button-primary-progressive{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive);color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:hover{background:var(--background-color-progressive--hover);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--hover)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:active{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive--active);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--active);box-shadow:none;color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:focus{box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus),var(--box-shadow-inset-medium) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-form input[type=search]{background-color:var(--background-color-base);display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);vertical-align:middle}.pure-form input:focus:invalid{color:var(--color-error);border-color:var(--border-color-error)}.pure-form fieldset{margin:0;padding:.56rem 0 1.2rem;border:0}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.pure-form input[type=search]{display:block}}.central-textlogo-wrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:bottom}.central-textlogo{position:relative;margin:4rem auto .5rem;width:270px;font-family:Linux Libertine,Hoefler Text,Georgia,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:3rem;font-weight:400;line-height:3.3rem;text-align:center;font-feature-settings:\"ss05\"}.localized-slogan{display:block;font-family:var(--font-family-serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400}.central-textlogo__image{color:transparent;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-indent:-10000px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.central-textlogo__image{filter:url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\"><filter id=\"filter\"><feComponentTransfer color-interpolation-filters=\"sRGB\"><feFuncR type=\"table\" tableValues=\"1 0\" /><feFuncG type=\"table\" tableValues=\"1 0\" /><feFuncB type=\"table\" tableValues=\"1 0\" /></feComponentTransfer></filter></svg>#filter');-webkit-filter:invert(100%);filter:invert(100%)}}.central-featured-logo{position:absolute;top:158px;left:35px}@media (max-width:480px){.central-textlogo{position:relative;height:70px;width:auto;margin:2rem 0 0;text-align:center;line-height:2.5rem;text-indent:-1rem;font-size:1em}.central-textlogo-wrapper{position:relative;top:12px;text-indent:.2rem}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{width:150px;height:25px;background-position:0 -260px;background-size:100%}.localized-slogan{font-size:1.4rem}.central-featured-logo{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:57px;height:auto;left:0;top:0}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-textlogo__image{height:auto}}.central-featured{position:relative;height:32.5rem;width:54.6rem;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.central-featured-lang{position:absolute;width:15.6rem}.central-featured-lang .link-box{display:block;border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:0;text-decoration:none;white-space:normal}.central-featured-lang .link-box:hover strong{text-decoration:underline}.central-featured-lang :hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive)}.central-featured-lang strong{display:block;font-size:1.6rem}.central-featured-lang small{color:var(--color-subtle);display:inline-block;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.6}.central-featured-lang em{font-style:italic}.central-featured-lang .emNonItalicLang{font-style:normal}.lang1{top:0;right:60%}.lang2{top:0;left:60%}.lang3{top:20%;right:70%}.lang4{top:20%;left:70%}.lang5{top:40%;right:72%}.lang6{top:40%;left:72%}.lang7{top:60%;right:70%}.lang8{top:60%;left:70%}.lang9{top:80%;right:60%}.lang10{top:80%;left:60%}@media (max-width:480px){.central-featured{width:auto;height:auto;margin-top:8rem;font-size:1.3rem;text-align:left}.central-featured:after{content:\" \";display:block;visibility:hidden;clear:both;height:0;font-size:0}.central-featured-lang{display:block;float:left;position:relative;top:auto;left:auto;right:auto;box-sizing:border-box;height:6.4rem;width:33%;margin:0 0 16px;padding:0 1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;text-align:center}.central-featured-lang 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.cdx-toggle-switch__switch__grip{border-color:var(--border-color-disabled,#c8ccd1)}.cdx-toggle-switch__input:disabled:checked~.cdx-toggle-switch__switch{background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#dadde3);border-color:var(--border-color-transparent,transparent)}.cdx-toggle-switch__input:disabled:checked~.cdx-toggle-switch__switch .cdx-toggle-switch__switch__grip{background-color:var(--color-disabled-emphasized,#a2a9b1);border-color:var(--border-color-transparent,transparent)}.cdx-icon{color:var(--color-base,#202122);display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;vertical-align:text-bottom}.cdx-icon svg{fill:currentcolor;width:100%;height:100%}.cdx-icon--x-small{min-width:10px;min-height:10px;width:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) - 4px);height:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) - 4px)}.cdx-icon--small{min-width:14px;min-height:14px;width:var(--font-size-medium,1rem);height:var(--font-size-medium,1rem)}.cdx-icon--medium{min-width:18px;min-height:18px;width:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) + 4px);height:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) + 4px)}.cdx-icon--flipped svg{transform:scaleX(-1)}.wikipedia25-videologo{visibility:hidden;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin-top:0}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-videologo{visibility:visible;height:auto;overflow:visible;margin-top:2rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .central-textlogo:not(.wikipedia25-videologo){display:none}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-videologo{height:17.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .search-container{top:20rem}}.wikipedia25-slogan{display:block;margin:.6rem 0 .5rem;padding:0 .8rem .1rem;font-family:var(--font-family-serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);line-height:2.1rem}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-slogan{color:var(--color-inverted);background-color:#ffe49c}}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-slogan{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:2rem;text-indent:0}}.wikipedia25-video{position:absolute;width:20rem;height:20rem;top:14.1rem;left:3.5rem;object-position:bottom}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-video{position:relative;display:block;width:10rem;height:10rem;left:auto;top:auto;margin:0 auto;cursor:pointer}.wikipedia25-videologo .central-textlogo-wrapper{margin:var(--spacing-50) var(--spacing-0) var(--spacing-0) var(--spacing-0)}}.wikipedia25-play-button{display:none;position:absolute;min-width:2.4rem;min-height:2.4rem;z-index:1}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{display:flex;top:30rem;left:12.3rem}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{top:8.6rem;left:calc(50% - 1.2rem)}}.wikipedia25-cta-container{display:none;text-align:center;margin:.96rem 0 2.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{display:block}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{margin:0 0 2.4rem}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);white-space:normal}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);background-color:#ffe49c}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);color:var(--color-progressive--hover)}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive--active);color:var(--color-progressive--active)}.wikipedia25-cta-description{max-width:45rem;margin:1.2rem auto 0;font-size:1.2rem;line-height:2rem;text-align:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-content{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);display:flex;justify-content:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-text{padding:.8rem 2rem;width:100%;max-width:350px;text-align:start;--font-size-medium:1.6rem}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .cdx-toggle-switch__label{font-size:1.3rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.footer .wikipedia25-footer-sidebar{order:3}}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog-backdrop{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;--line-height-medium:2.6rem;--font-size-x-large:2rem;--line-height-x-large:3rem}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog{width:calc(100% - 2rem);height:unset;max-width:32rem;max-height:calc(100vh - 2.5rem);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),0 0 16px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}\n</style>\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org\">\n<link rel=\"me\" href=\"https://wikis.world/@wikipedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\">\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png\">\n</head>\n<body id=\"www-wikipedia-org\">\n<main>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo\">\n<img class=\"central-featured-logo\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2.png\" srcset=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@1.5x.png 1.5x, portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@2x.png 2x\" width=\"200\" height=\"183\" alt>\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n localized-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.slogan\">The Free Encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo wikipedia25-videologo\">\n<video id=\"wikipedia25-video\" class=\"wikipedia25-video\" data-idle-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm\" data-idle-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm\" data-click-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-light.webm\" data-click-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-dark.webm\" data-poster-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp\" data-poster-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" autoplay loop muted playsinline>\n</video>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-play-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--framed jsl10n wikipedia25-play-button\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.play-button-text\" aria-label=\"Play\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--small\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g><path d=\"M4.55 19A1 1 0 013 18.13V1.87A1 1 0 014.55 1l12.2 8.13a1 1 0 010 1.7z\"/></g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n wikipedia25-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.slogan\">25 years of the free encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"top-ten-nav-label\" aria-label=\"Top languages\" class=\"central-featured\" data-el-section=\"primary links\">\n<!-- #1. en.wikipedia.org - 1,662,960,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang1\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-en\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"English \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 The Free Encyclopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"The Free Encyclopedia\">\n<strong>English</strong>\n<small>7,141,000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #2. ja.wikipedia.org - 205,252,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang2\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ja\" href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Nihongo \u2014 \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2 \u2014 \u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\">\n<strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</strong>\n<small>1,491,000+ <span>\u8a18\u4e8b</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #3. de.wikipedia.org - 173,570,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang3\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-de\" href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Deutsch \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\">\n<strong>Deutsch</strong>\n<small>3.099.000+ <span>Artikel</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #4. ru.wikipedia.org - 154,560,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang4\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ru\" href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Russkiy \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\">\n<strong>\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</strong>\n<small>2\u00a0087\u00a0000+ <span>\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #5. fr.wikipedia.org - 147,379,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang5\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-fr\" href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Fran\u00e7ais \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\">\n<strong>Fran\u00e7ais</strong>\n<small>2\u202f740\u202f000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #6. es.wikipedia.org - 125,656,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang6\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-es\" href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 La enciclopedia libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"La enciclopedia libre\">\n<strong>Espa\u00f1ol</strong>\n<small>2.095.000+ <span>art\u00edculos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #7. it.wikipedia.org - 91,026,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang7\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-it\" href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Italiano \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 L'enciclopedia libera\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L'enciclopedia libera\">\n<strong>Italiano</strong>\n<small>1.957.000+ <span>voci</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #8. zh.wikipedia.org - 84,039,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang8\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-zh\" href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n \u2014 \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 / \u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 \u2014 \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\" class=\"link-box localize-variant\" data-slogan=\"\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\">\n<strong>\u4e2d\u6587</strong>\n<small>1,524,000+ <span>\u6761\u76ee / \u689d\u76ee</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #9. pt.wikipedia.org - 46,289,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang9\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pt\" href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Portugu\u00eas \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\">\n<strong>Portugu\u00eas</strong>\n<small>1.165.000+ <span>artigos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #10. pl.wikipedia.org - 46,221,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang10\" lang=\"pl\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pl\" href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Polski \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Wolna encyklopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Wolna encyklopedia\">\n<strong>Polski</strong>\n<small>1\u00a0685\u00a0000+ <span>hase\u0142</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-container\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-cta-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-text\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</button>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-description jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-description\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-modal-container\">\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-backdrop\" class=\"cdx-dialog-backdrop hidden\">\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-start\"></div>\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog\" class=\"cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--vertical-actions\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" aria-modal=\"true\">\n<header class=\"cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title-group\">\n<h2 id=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.title\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</h2>\n</div>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-close-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button jsl10n\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.close-button-text\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g>\n<path d=\"m4.34 2.93 12.73 12.73-1.41 1.41L2.93 4.35z\"/>\n<path d=\"M17.07 4.34 4.34 17.07l-1.41-1.41L15.66 2.93z\"/>\n</g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n</header>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog-focus-trap\" tabindex=\"-1\"></div>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__body cdx-scrollable-container jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.text\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n<footer class=\"cdx-dialog__footer cdx-dialog__footer--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__footer__actions\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-primary-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.primary-button-text\">\nLearn more\n</button>\n</div>\n</footer>\n</div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-end\"></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div role=\"search\" class=\"search-container\">\n<form class=\"pure-form\" id=\"search-form\" action=\"//www.wikipedia.org/search-redirect.php\" data-el-section=\"search\">\n<fieldset>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"family\" value=\"wikipedia\">\n<div class=\"search-input\" id=\"search-input\">\n<label for=\"searchInput\" class=\"screen-reader-text\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.search-input-label\">Search Wikipedia</label>\n<input id=\"searchInput\" name=\"search\" type=\"search\" size=\"20\" autofocus=\"autofocus\" accesskey=\"F\" dir=\"auto\" autocomplete=\"off\">\n<div class=\"styled-select no-js\">\n<div class=\"hide-arrow\">\n<select id=\"searchLanguage\" name=\"language\">\n<option value=\"af\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</option>\n<option value=\"sq\" lang=\"sq\">Shqip</option><!-- Anglisht -->\n<option value=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</option><!-- Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah -->\n<option value=\"ast\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</option>\n<option value=\"az\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</option>\n<option value=\"bg\" lang=\"bg\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- B\u01celgarski -->\n<option value=\"nan\" lang=\"nan\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</option><!-- B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa -->\n<option value=\"bn\" lang=\"bn\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</option><!-- Bangla -->\n<option value=\"be\" lang=\"be\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</option><!-- Belaruskaya -->\n<option value=\"ca\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</option>\n<option value=\"cs\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</option>\n<option value=\"cy\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</option>\n<option value=\"da\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</option>\n<option value=\"de\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</option>\n<option value=\"et\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</option>\n<option value=\"el\" lang=\"el\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</option><!-- Ell\u012bnik\u00e1 -->\n<option value=\"en\" lang=\"en\" selected=selected>English</option><!-- English -->\n<option value=\"es\" lang=\"es\">Espa\u00f1ol</option><!-- Espa\u00f1ol -->\n<option value=\"eo\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</option>\n<option value=\"eu\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</option>\n<option value=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</option><!-- F\u0101rsi -->\n<option value=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</option>\n<option value=\"gl\" lang=\"gl\">Galego</option><!-- Galego -->\n<option value=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</option><!-- Hangugeo -->\n<option value=\"hy\" lang=\"hy\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</option><!-- Hayeren -->\n<option value=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</option><!-- Hind\u012b -->\n<option value=\"hr\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</option>\n<option value=\"id\" lang=\"id\">Bahasa Indonesia</option><!-- Bahasa Inggris -->\n<option value=\"it\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</option>\n<option value=\"he\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</option><!-- Ivrit -->\n<option value=\"ka\" lang=\"ka\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</option><!-- Kartuli -->\n<option value=\"lld\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</option>\n<option value=\"la\" lang=\"la\">Latina</option>\n<option value=\"lv\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</option>\n<option value=\"lt\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</option>\n<option value=\"hu\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</option>\n<option value=\"mk\" lang=\"mk\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- Makedonski -->\n<option value=\"mg\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</option>\n<option value=\"mr\" lang=\"mr\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</option><!-- Marathi -->\n<option value=\"arz\" lang=\"arz\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</option><!-- Ma\u1e63r\u012b -->\n<option value=\"ms\" lang=\"ms\">Bahasa Melayu</option><!-- Bahasa Melayu -->\n<option value=\"min\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</option>\n<option value=\"my\" lang=\"my\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</option><!-- Myanmarsar -->\n<option value=\"nl\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</option>\n<option value=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</option><!-- Nihongo -->\n<option value=\"no\" lang=\"nb\">Norsk (bokm\u00e5l)</option>\n<option value=\"nn\" lang=\"nn\">Norsk (nynorsk)</option>\n<option value=\"ce\" lang=\"ce\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</option><!-- Nox\u00e7iyn -->\n<option value=\"uz\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</option>\n<option value=\"pl\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</option>\n<option value=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</option>\n<option value=\"kk\" lang=\"kk\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430 / Qazaq\u015fa / \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</option>\n<option value=\"ro\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</option>\n<option value=\"simple\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</option>\n<option value=\"ceb\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</option>\n<option value=\"sk\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</option>\n<option value=\"sl\" lang=\"sl\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</option><!-- Sloven\u0161\u010dina -->\n<option value=\"sr\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</option>\n<option value=\"sh\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</option>\n<option value=\"fi\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</option>\n<option value=\"sv\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</option>\n<option value=\"sw\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</option>\n<option value=\"ta\" lang=\"ta\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</option><!-- Tami\u1e3b -->\n<option value=\"tt\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</option>\n<option value=\"te\" lang=\"te\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</option><!-- Telugu -->\n<option value=\"th\" lang=\"th\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</option><!-- Phasa Thai -->\n<option value=\"tg\" lang=\"tg\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</option><!-- Tojik\u012b -->\n<option value=\"azb\" lang=\"azb\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</option><!-- T\u00fcrkce -->\n<option value=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</option><!-- T\u00fcrk\u00e7e -->\n<option value=\"uk\" lang=\"uk\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</option><!-- Ukrayins\u2019ka -->\n<option value=\"ur\" lang=\"ur\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</option><!-- Urdu -->\n<option value=\"vi\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</option>\n<option value=\"war\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</option>\n<option value=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\u6587</option><!-- Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n -->\n<option value=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</option><!-- Russkiy -->\n<option value=\"yue\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</option>\n</select>\n<div class=\"styled-select-active-helper\"></div>\n</div>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down\"></i>\n</div>\n</div>\n<button class=\"pure-button pure-button-primary-progressive\" type=\"submit\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-search-icon\" data-jsl10n=\"search-input-button\">Search</i>\n</button>\n<input type=\"hidden\" value=\"Go\" name=\"go\">\n</fieldset>\n</form>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"all-languages-nav-label\" aria-label=\"All languages\">\n<div class=\"lang-list-button-wrapper\">\n<button id=\"js-lang-list-button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-button\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-language-icon\"></i>\n<span class=\"lang-list-button-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.language-button-text\">Read Wikipedia in your language </span>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down-blue\"></i>\n</button>\n</div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-border\"></div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-container\">\n<div id=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-content\">\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ar\" title=\"Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\" title=\"English\">English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"es\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol\">Espa\u00f1ol</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fa\" title=\"F\u0101rsi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arz\" title=\"Ma\u1e63r\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ja\" title=\"Nihongo\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ceb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uk\" title=\"Ukrayins\u2019ka\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//war.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zh\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n\">\u4e2d\u6587</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ru\" title=\"Russkiy\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//af.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sq\" title=\"Anglisht\">Shqip</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ast.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//az.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bg\" title=\"B\u01celgarski\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nan\" title=\"B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bn\" title=\"Bangla\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be\" title=\"Belaruskaya\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ca.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//da.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//et.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//el.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"el\" title=\"Ell\u012bnik\u00e1\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gl\" title=\"Galego\">Galego</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ko.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ko\" title=\"Hangugeo\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hy\" title=\"Hayeren\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hi\" title=\"Hind\u012b\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//id.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"id\" title=\"Bahasa Inggris\">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//he.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"he\" title=\"Ivrit\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ka.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ka\" title=\"Kartuli\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lld.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//la.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"la\">Latina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mk\" title=\"Makedonski\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mr\" title=\"Marathi\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ms\" title=\"Bahasa Melayu\">Bahasa Melayu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//min.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//my.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"my\" title=\"Myanmarsar\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</a></li>\n<li lang=\"no\">Norsk<ul><li><a href=\"//no.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nb\">bokm\u00e5l</a></li><li><a href=\"//nn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nn\">nynorsk</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ce.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ce\" title=\"Nox\u00e7iyn\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kk\"><span lang=\"kk-Cyrl\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430</span> / <span lang=\"kk-Latn\">Qazaq\u015fa</span> / <bdi lang=\"kk-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//simple.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sl\" title=\"Sloven\u0161\u010dina\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ta.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ta\" title=\"Tami\u1e3b\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//te.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"te\" title=\"Telugu\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//th.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"th\" title=\"Phasa Thai\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tg\" title=\"Tojik\u012b\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//azb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"azb\" title=\"T\u00fcrkce\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tr\" title=\"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ur\" title=\"Urdu\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-yue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n10,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ace.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ace\">Bahsa Ac\u00e8h</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//als.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gsw\">Alemannisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//am.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"am\" title=\"\u0100mari\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\">\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//an.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"an\">Aragon\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hyw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hyw\" title=\"Arevmdahayeren\">\u0531\u0580\u0565\u0582\u0574\u057f\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0567\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gor.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gor\">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ban.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ban\" title=\"Basa Bali\">Basa Bali</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bjn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bjn\">Bahasa Banjar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//map-bms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"map-x-bms\">Basa Banyumasan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ba\" title=\"Ba\u015fqortsa\">\u0411\u0430\u0448\u04a1\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0441\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be-tarask.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be-tarask\" title=\"Bielaruskaja (tara\u0161kievica)\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f (\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0446\u0430)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bcl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bcl\">Bikol Central</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bpy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bpy\" title=\"Bishnupriya Manipuri\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ae\u09a3\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bar\">Boarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bs\">Bosanski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//br.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"br\">Brezhoneg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cv\" title=\"\u010c\u0103va\u0161la\">\u0427\u04d1\u0432\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dag\">Dagbanli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ary.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ary\" title=\"Darija\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nv\">Din\u00e9 Bizaad</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-eml\">Emigli\u00e0n\u2013Rumagn\u00f2l</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hif.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hif\">Fiji Hindi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fo\">F\u00f8royskt</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fy\">Frysk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ff.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ff\">Fulfulde</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ga\">Gaeilge</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gd\">G\u00e0idhlig</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//glk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"glk\" title=\"Gil\u0259ki\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06af\u06cc\u0644\u06a9\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gu\" title=\"Gujarati\">\u0a97\u0ac1\u0a9c\u0ab0\u0abe\u0aa4\u0ac0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hak.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hak\">Hak-k\u00e2-ng\u00ee / \u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ha.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ha\">Hausa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hsb\">Hornjoserbsce</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//io.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"io\">Ido</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ig.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ig\">Igbo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ilo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ilo\">Ilokano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ia\">Interlingua</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ie.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ie\">Interlingue</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//os.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"os\" title=\"Iron\">\u0418\u0440\u043e\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//is.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"is\">\u00cdslenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jv\">Jawa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kn\" title=\"Kannada\">\u0c95\u0ca8\u0ccd\u0ca8\u0ca1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pam\">Kapampangan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//km.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"km\" title=\"Ph\u00e9asa Khm\u00e9r\">\u1797\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1781\u17d2\u1798\u17c2\u179a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//avk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"avk\">Kotava</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ht.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ht\">Krey\u00f2l Ayisyen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ku.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ku\"><span lang=\"ku-Latn\">Kurd\u00ee</span> / <bdi lang=\"ku-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ckb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ckb\" title=\"Kurd\u00eey Nawend\u00ee\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ky.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ky\" title=\"Kyrgyz\u010da\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u0433\u044b\u0437\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mrj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mjr\" title=\"Kyryk Mary\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u044b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lb\">L\u00ebtzebuergesch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lij.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lij\">L\u00ecgure</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//li.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"li\">Limburgs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lmo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lmo\">Lombard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mai.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mai\" title=\"Maithil\u012b\">\u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ml\" title=\"Malayalam\">\u0d2e\u0d32\u0d2f\u0d3e\u0d33\u0d02</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xmf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xmf\" title=\"Margaluri\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mzn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mzn\" title=\"M\u00e4zeruni\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cdo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cdo\" title=\"Ming-deng-ngu\">M\u00ecng-d\u0115\u0324ng-ng\u1e73\u0304 / \u95a9\u6771\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mn\" title=\"Mongol\">\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nap\">Napulitano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//new.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"new\" title=\"Nepal Bhasa\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frr\">Nordfriisk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//oc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"oc\">Occitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mhr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mhr\" title=\"Olyk Marij\">\u041e\u043b\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//or.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"or\" title=\"O\u1e5bi\u0101\">\u0b13\u0b21\u0b3f\u0b3c\u0b06</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//as.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"as\" title=\"\u00d4x\u00f4miya\">\u0985\u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u09af\u09be\u09bc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pa\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Gurmukh\u012b)\">\u0a2a\u0a70\u0a1c\u0a3e\u0a2c\u0a40</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnb\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Sh\u0101hmukh\u012b)\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628\u06cc (\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0645\u06a9\u06be\u06cc)</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ps.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ps\" title=\"Pa\u0282to\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pms\">Piemont\u00e8is</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds\">Plattd\u00fc\u00fctsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaa\">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//crh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"crh\">Q\u0131r\u0131mtatarca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//qu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"qu\">Runa Simi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rue\" title=\"Rusin\u2019skyj\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044b\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sa\" title=\"Sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam\">\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u092e\u094d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sat\" title=\"Santali\">\u1c65\u1c5f\u1c71\u1c5b\u1c5f\u1c72\u1c64</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//skr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"skr\" title=\"Saraiki\">\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sah\" title=\"Saxa Tyla\">\u0421\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u0422\u044b\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sco.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sco\">Scots</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sn\">ChiShona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//scn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"scn\">Sicilianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//si.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"si\" title=\"Si\u1e43hala\">\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0d82\u0dc4\u0dbd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sd\" title=\"Sindh\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0646\u068c\u064a</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szl\">\u015al\u016fnski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//so.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"so\">Soomaaliga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//su.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"su\">Basa Sunda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shi\">Tacl\u1e25it</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tl\">Tagalog</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shn\">\u107d\u1083\u1087\u101e\u1083\u1087\u1010\u1086\u1038</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zgh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zgh\" title=\"Tamazight tanawayt\">\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d61\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tly.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tly\">tol\u0131\u015fi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tum.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tum\">chiTumbuka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bug\">Basa Ugi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vec.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vec\">V\u00e8neto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vo\">Volap\u00fck</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wa\">Walon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-classical.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lzh\" title=\"W\u00e9ny\u00e1n\">\u6587\u8a00</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wuu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wuu\" title=\"W\u00fay\u01d4\">\u5434\u8bed</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yi\" title=\"Yidi\u0161\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05d9\u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05d9\u05e9</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yo\">Yor\u00f9b\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//diq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"diq\">Zazaki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bat-smg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sgs\">\u017demait\u0117\u0161ka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zu\">isiZulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ne.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ne\" title=\"Nep\u0101l\u012b\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mni.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mni\">\uabc3\uabe4\uabc7\uabe9 \uabc2\uabe3\uabdf</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//lad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lad\"><span lang=\"lad-Latn\">Dzhudezmo</span> / <bdi lang=\"lad-Hebr\" dir=\"rtl\">\u05dc\u05d0\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbd\" title=\"Adighabze\">\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ang.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ang\">\u00c6nglisc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//smn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"smn\" title=\"Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2\">Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//anp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"anp\" title=\"Angika\">\u0905\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ab\" title=\"A\u1e57sshwa\">\u0410\u0525\u0441\u0448\u04d9\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-rup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rup\">arm\u00e3neashti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frp\">Arpitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//atj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"atj\">atikamekw</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arc\" title=\"\u0100t\u00fbr\u0101y\u00e2\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0710\u072c\u0718\u072a\u071d\u0710</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gn\">Ava\u00f1e\u2019\u1ebd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//av.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"av\" title=\"Avar\">\u0410\u0432\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ay\">Aymar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bbc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bbc\">Batak Toba</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bew.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bew\">Betawi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bh\" title=\"Bh\u014djapur\u012b\">\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bi\">Bislama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bo\" title=\"Bod Skad\">\u0f56\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f42</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bxr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bxr\" title=\"Buryad\">\u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0430\u0434</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cbk-x-zam\">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ny.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ny\">Chichewa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//co.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"co\">Corsu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//za.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"za\">Vahcuengh / \u8a71\u50ee</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dga\">Dagaare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//se.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"se\" title=\"Davvis\u00e1megiella\">Davvis\u00e1megiella</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pdc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pdc\">Deitsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dv\" title=\"Divehi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u078b\u07a8\u0788\u07ac\u0780\u07a8\u0784\u07a6\u0790\u07b0</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dsb\">Dolnoserbski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//myv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"myv\" title=\"Erzjanj\">\u042d\u0440\u0437\u044f\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ext.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ext\">Estreme\u00f1u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ee.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ee\">E\u028begbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gur\">Farefare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fon.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fon\">F\u0254\u0300ngb\u00e8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fur\">Furlan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gv\">Gaelg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gag\">Gagauz</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//inh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"inh\" title=\"Ghalghai\">\u0413\u04c0\u0430\u043b\u0433\u04c0\u0430\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gpe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gpe\">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ki\">G\u0129k\u0169y\u0169</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gan\" title=\"Gon ua\" data-hans=\"\u8d63\u8bed\" data-hant=\"\u8d1b\u8a9e\" class=\"jscnconv\">\u8d63\u8bed / \u8d1b\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guw\">Gungbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//got.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"got\" title=\"Gutisk\">\ud800\udf32\ud800\udf3f\ud800\udf44\ud800\udf39\ud800\udf43\ud800\udf3a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xal.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xal\" title=\"Hal\u02b9mg\">\u0425\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//haw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"haw\">\u02bb\u014clelo Hawai\u02bbi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rw\">Ikinyarwanda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iba\">Jaku Iban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbp\">Kab\u0269y\u025b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dtp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dtp\">Kadazandusun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//knc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"knc\">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//csb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"csb\">Kasz\u00ebbsczi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kw\">Kernewek</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kv\" title=\"Komi\">\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//koi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"koi\" title=\"Perem Komi\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kg\">Kongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gom.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gom\">\u0915\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0923\u0940 / Konknni</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ks.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ks\" title=\"Koshur\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0672\u0634\u064f\u0631</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gcr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gcr\">Kriy\u00f2l Gwiyannen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kge.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kge\">Kumoring</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kus.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kus\">K\u028bsaal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lo\" title=\"Phaasaa Laao\">\u0e9e\u0eb2\u0eaa\u0eb2\u0ea5\u0eb2\u0ea7</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lbe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lbe\" title=\"Lakku\">\u041b\u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ltg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ltg\">Latga\u013cu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lez.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lez\" title=\"Lezgi\">\u041b\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nia\">Li Niha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ln.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ln\">Ling\u00e1la</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lfn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lfn\">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//olo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"olo\">livvinkarjala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jbo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jbo\">lojban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lg\">Luganda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mad\">Madhur\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mt\">Malti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//btm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"btm\">Mandailing</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mi\">M\u0101ori</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fat\">Mfantse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mwl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mwl\">Mirand\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mdf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mdf\" title=\"Mok\u0161enj\">\u041c\u043e\u043a\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mnw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mnw\">\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1019\u1014\u103a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mos.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mos\">Moore</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nqo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nqo\" title=\"N'Ko\">\u07d2\u07de\u07cf</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fj\">Na Vosa Vaka-Viti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nah\">N\u0101huatlaht\u014dlli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcm\">Naij\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds-nl\">Nedersaksisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nrm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-nrm\">Nouormand / Normaund</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nov.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nov\">Novial</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//om.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"om\">Afaan Oromoo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//blk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"blk\">\u1015\u1021\u102d\u102f\u101d\u103a\u108f\u1018\u102c\u108f\u101e\u102c\u108f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pag\">Pangasin\u00e1n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ami.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ami\">Pangcah</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pap\">Papiamentu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jam\">Patois</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pfl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pfl\">Pf\u00e4lzisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcd\">Picard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//krc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"krc\" title=\"Qara\u00e7ay\u2013Malqar\">\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u2013\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ksh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ksh\">Ripoarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rm\">Rumantsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rsk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rsk\" title=\"Ruski\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szy\">Sakizaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sm\">Gagana S\u0101moa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sc\">Sardu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//trv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"trv\">Seediq</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//stq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"stq\">Seeltersk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//st.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"st\">Sesotho</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nso.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nso\">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tn\">Setswana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//syl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"syl\" title=\"Sil\u00f4\u1e6di\">\ua80d\ua824\ua81f\ua810\ua824</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cu\" title=\"Slov\u011bn\u012dsk\u016d\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0463\u0301\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044a / \u2c14\u2c0e\u2c11\u2c02\u2c21\u2c10\u2c20\u2c14\u2c0d\u2c1f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//srn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"srn\">Sranantongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ss.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ss\">SiSwati</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ty\">Reo tahiti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kab\" title=\"Taqbaylit\">Taqbaylit</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-tara.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa\">Tarand\u00edne</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tay\">Tayal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tet.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tet\">Tetun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tpi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tpi\">Tok Pisin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tok.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tok\" title=\"toki pona\">toki pona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//to.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"to\">faka Tonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tk\">T\u00fcrkmen\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tw\">Twi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kcg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kcg\">Tyap</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tyv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tyv\" title=\"Tyva dyl\">\u0422\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u044b\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//udm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"udm\" title=\"Udmurt\">\u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ug\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0626\u06c7\u064a\u063a\u06c7\u0631\u0686\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vep.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vep\">Veps\u00e4n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vro\">v\u00f5ro</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vls.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vls\">West-Vlams</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wo\">Wolof</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xh\">isiXhosa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zea.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zea\">Ze\u00eauws</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//alt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"alt\">\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//awa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"awa\">\u0905\u0935\u0927\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dty\">\u0921\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tcy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tcy\">\u0ca4\u0cc1\u0cb3\u0cc1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rki\">\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-tiny hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//bdr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bdr\">Bajau Sama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bm\">Bamanankan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ch.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ch\">Chamoru</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dz\" title=\"Rdzong-Kha\">\u0f62\u0fab\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//igl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"igl\">Igala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iu\">\u1403\u14c4\u1483\u144e\u1450\u1466 / Inuktitut</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ik.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ik\">I\u00f1upiak</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nr\" title=\"isiNdebele seSewula\">isiNdebele seSewula</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaj\">Jju</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ppl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ppl\">Nawat</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nup\">Nupe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ann.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ann\">Obolo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pi\" title=\"P\u0101\u1e37i\">\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pwn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pwn\">pinayuanan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnt\" title=\"Pontiak\u00e1\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rmy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rmy\">Romani \u010dhib</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rn\">Ikirundi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sg\">S\u00e4ng\u00f6</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tdd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tdd\" title=\"Tai ta\u026f xo\u014b\">\u1956\u196d\u1970\u1956\u196c\u1973\u1951\u1968\u1952\u1970</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ti.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ti\" title=\"T\u0259g\u0259r\u0259\u00f1a\">\u1275\u130d\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//din.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"din\">Thu\u0254\u014bj\u00e4\u014b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chr\" title=\"Tsalagi\">\u13e3\u13b3\u13a9</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chy\">Ts\u0117hesen\u0117stsestotse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ts.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ts\">Xitsonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ve.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ve\">Tshiven\u1e13a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guc\">Wayuunaiki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ady.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ady\">\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-others hlist\" data-el-section=\"other languages\">\n<a class=\"jsl10n\" href=\"https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/List_of_Wikipedias\" lang data-jsl10n=\"other-languages-label\">Other languages</a>\n</div></div>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<hr>\n</main>\n<footer class=\"footer\" data-el-section=\"other projects\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-Wikimedia-logo_black\">\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.footer-description\">\nWikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects.\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text\">\n<a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_medium=portal&wmf_campaign=portalFooter&wmf_source=portalFooter\" target=\"_blank\">\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"footer-donate\">You can support our work with a donation.</span>\n</a>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar app-badges\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div 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svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"mediawiki.name\">MediaWiki</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"mediawiki.slogan\">Free & open wiki software</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikisource.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikisource-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikisource.name\">Wikisource</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikisource.slogan\">Free content library</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//species.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div 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Wikipedia
# Wikipedia **The Free Encyclopedia** # Wikipedia **25 years of the free encyclopedia** [ **English** 7,141,000+ articles ](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English — Wikipedia — The Free Encyclopedia") [ **日本語** 1,491,000+ 記事 ](//ja.wikipedia.org/ "Nihongo — ウィキペディア — フリー百科事典") [ **Deutsch** 3.099.000+ Artikel ](//de.wikipedia.org/ "Deutsch — Wikipedia — Die freie Enzyklopädie") [ **Русский** 2 087 000+ статей ](//ru.wikipedia.org/ "Russkiy — Википедия — Свободная энциклопедия") [ **Français** 2 740 000+ articles ](//fr.wikipedia.org/ "Français — Wikipédia — L’encyclopédie libre") [ **Español** 2.095.000+ artículos ](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español — Wikipedia — La enciclopedia libre") [ **Italiano** 1.957.000+ voci ](//it.wikipedia.org/ "Italiano — Wikipedia — L'enciclopedia libera") [ **中文** 1,524,000+ 条目 / 條目 ](//zh.wikipedia.org/ "Zhōngwén — 维基百科 / 維基百科 — 自由的百科全书 / 自由的百科全書") [ **Português** 1.165.000+ artigos ](//pt.wikipedia.org/ "Português — Wikipédia — A Enciclopédia Livre") [ **Polski** 1 685 000+ haseł ](//pl.wikipedia.org/ "Polski — Wikipedia — Wolna encyklopedia") Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! ## Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! Learn more Search Wikipedia Afrikaans Shqip العربية Asturianu Azərbaycanca Български 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú বাংলা Беларуская Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά English Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Ladin Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски Malagasy मराठी مصرى Bahasa Melayu Bahaso Minangkabau မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本語 Norsk (bokmål) Norsk (nynorsk) Нохчийн Oʻzbekcha / Ўзбекча Polski Português Қазақша / Qazaqşa / قازاقشا Română Simple English Sinugboanong Binisaya Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Kiswahili தமிழ் Татарча / Tatarça తెలుగు ภาษาไทย Тоҷикӣ تۆرکجه Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Winaray 中文 Русский 粵語 __ _Search_ __ Read Wikipedia in your language __ ## 1,000,000+ articles * [العربية](//ar.wikipedia.org/ "Al-ʿArabīyah") * [Deutsch](//de.wikipedia.org/) * [English](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English") * [Español](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español") * [فارسی](//fa.wikipedia.org/ "Fārsi") * [Français](//fr.wikipedia.org/) * [Italiano](//it.wikipedia.or
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- 4px);--size-icon-small:var(--font-size-medium);--size-icon-medium:calc(var(--font-size-medium) + 4px);--size-toggle-switch-grip:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--box-shadow-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-top:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-top) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-bottom:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--box-shadow-large:var(--box-shadow-outset-large-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-large-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--accent-color-base:#36c;--position-offset-border-width-base:-var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button:var(--spacing-75) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-icon-only:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small-icon-only:var(--spacing-12) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-large:var(--spacing-100) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-input-text-two-end-icons:calc(var(--spacing-50)*2 + var(--size-icon-small));--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure:var(--spacing-75);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-start:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*0.375);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-end:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--border-color-input--hover:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary--hover:var(--border-color-progressive--hover);--border-color-input-binary--active:var(--border-color-progressive--active);--border-color-input-binary--focus:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);--border-color-input-binary--checked:var(--border-color-progressive);--border-base:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-base);--border-subtle:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-subtle);--border-progressive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-progressive);--border-destructive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-destructive);--border-transparent:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-transparent);--outline-base--focus:var(--border-width-base) solid transparent;--width-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*3);--height-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*2);--spacing-start-typeahead-search-icon:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure)/2 - var(--min-size-icon-medium)/2);--spacing-typeahead-search-focus-addition:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure) - var(--min-size-icon-medium) - var(--spacing-50));--color-base--subtle:#54595d;--box-shadow-drop-xx-large:0 20px 48px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--font-family-sans:"Helvetica Neue","Helvetica","Liberation Sans","Arial",sans-serif;--line-height-xxx-small:1.4285714rem;--line-height-xx-small:1.5714285rem;--box-shadow-drop-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-drop-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}@media only screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--color-base:#eaecf0;--color-base--hover:#f8f9fa;--color-emphasized:#f8f9fa;--color-subtle:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled:#54595d;--color-disabled-emphasized:#72777d;--color-inverted:#101418;--color-progressive:#88a3e8;--color-progressive--hover:#a6bbf5;--color-progressive--active:#b6d4fb;--color-destructive:#fd7865;--color-destructive--hover:#fea898;--color-destructive--active:#ffc8bd;--color-visited:#a799cd;--color-visited--hover:#c5b9dd;--color-visited--active:#d9d0e9;--color-destructive--visited:#c99391;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#dcb5b3;--color-destructive--visited--active:#e8cecd;--color-error:#fd7865;--color-error--hover:#fea898;--color-error--active:#ffc8bd;--color-warning:#ca982e;--color-success:#2cb491;--color-notice:#a2a9b1;--color-content-added:#80cdb3;--color-content-removed:#fd7865;--color-base--subtle:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-base:#72777d;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#88a3e8;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#a6bbf5;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#b6d4fb;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#000;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);--mix-blend-mode-blend:screen;--background-color-base:#101418;--background-color-neutral:#27292d;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive:#27292d;--background-color-interactive--hover:#404244;--background-color-interactive--active:#54595d;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#27292d;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#404244;--background-color-disabled:#404244;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-inverted:#f8f9fa;--background-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#1b223d;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#233566;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#3056a9;--background-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-error-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-warning-subtle:#2d2212;--background-color-success-subtle:#132821;--background-color-notice-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-content-added:#233566;--background-color-content-removed:#453217;--background-color-backdrop-light:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--border-color-base:#72777d;--border-color-emphasized:#eaecf0;--border-color-subtle:#54595d;--border-color-muted:#404244;--border-color-interactive--hover:#a2a9b1;--border-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--border-color-disabled:#54595d;--border-color-inverted:#101418;--border-color-progressive--hover:#88a3e8;--border-color-progressive--active:#a6bbf5;--border-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-destructive--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-destructive--active:#fea898;--border-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-error--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-error--active:#fea898;--border-color-warning--hover:#ca982e;--border-color-warning--active:#edb537;--border-color-content-added:#233566;--border-color-content-removed:#987027}}:root{--color-print--visited:#520;--ss-pos-top:1rem;--ss-pos-right:1.2rem;--ss-pos-bottom:1.2rem;--ss-width:9.5rem;--ss-height:2.4rem;--ss-select-width:11rem;--ss-select-z-index:1;--ss-button-z-index:2}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-size:62.5%}body{margin:0}details,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:700}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:3.2rem;margin:1.2rem 0}small{font-size:1.3rem}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-.5em}sub{bottom:-.25em}figure{margin:1.6rem 4rem}hr{box-sizing:content-box}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:var(--font-family-monospace--fallback);font-size:1.4rem}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;box-sizing:content-box}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=search]:focus{outline-offset:-2px}fieldset{border:var(--border-base);margin:0 .2rem;padding:.6rem 1rem 1.2rem}legend{padding:0}optgroup{font-weight:700}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}.hidden{display:none!important}.screen-reader-text{display:block;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}body{background-color:var(--background-color-base);color:var(--color-base);font-family:var(--font-family-system-sans);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.5;margin:.4rem 0 1.6rem}main{padding:0 1.28rem}a{touch-action:manipulation}a,a:active,a:focus{unicode-bidi:embed;outline:0;color:var(--color-progressive);text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}img{vertical-align:middle}hr,img{border:0}hr{clear:both;height:0;border-bottom:var(--border-subtle);margin:.26rem 0}.pure-button{display:inline-block;zoom:1;line-height:normal;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-drag:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);color:var(--color-base);position:relative;min-height:1.92rem;min-width:1.6rem;margin:.16rem 0;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:top;transition:background .1s ease,color .1s ease,border-color .1s ease,box-shadow .1s ease}.pure-button::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border:0}.pure-button-hover,.pure-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base);border-color:var(--border-color-base);color:var(--color-base--hover)}.pure-button-active,.pure-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);border-color:var(--border-color-interactive);color:var(--color-emphasized)}.pure-button:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-button-primary-progressive{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive);color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:hover{background:var(--background-color-progressive--hover);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--hover)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:active{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive--active);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--active);box-shadow:none;color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:focus{box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus),var(--box-shadow-inset-medium) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-form input[type=search]{background-color:var(--background-color-base);display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);vertical-align:middle}.pure-form input:focus:invalid{color:var(--color-error);border-color:var(--border-color-error)}.pure-form fieldset{margin:0;padding:.56rem 0 1.2rem;border:0}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.pure-form input[type=search]{display:block}}.central-textlogo-wrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:bottom}.central-textlogo{position:relative;margin:4rem auto .5rem;width:270px;font-family:Linux Libertine,Hoefler Text,Georgia,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:3rem;font-weight:400;line-height:3.3rem;text-align:center;font-feature-settings:"ss05"}.localized-slogan{display:block;font-family:var(--font-family-serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400}.central-textlogo__image{color:transparent;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-indent:-10000px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.central-textlogo__image{filter:url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><filter id="filter"><feComponentTransfer color-interpolation-filters="sRGB"><feFuncR type="table" tableValues="1 0" /><feFuncG type="table" tableValues="1 0" /><feFuncB type="table" tableValues="1 0" /></feComponentTransfer></filter></svg>#filter');-webkit-filter:invert(100%);filter:invert(100%)}}.central-featured-logo{position:absolute;top:158px;left:35px}@media (max-width:480px){.central-textlogo{position:relative;height:70px;width:auto;margin:2rem 0 0;text-align:center;line-height:2.5rem;text-indent:-1rem;font-size:1em}.central-textlogo-wrapper{position:relative;top:12px;text-indent:.2rem}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{width:150px;height:25px;background-position:0 -260px;background-size:100%}.localized-slogan{font-size:1.4rem}.central-featured-logo{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:57px;height:auto;left:0;top:0}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-textlogo__image{height:auto}}.central-featured{position:relative;height:32.5rem;width:54.6rem;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.central-featured-lang{position:absolute;width:15.6rem}.central-featured-lang .link-box{display:block;border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:0;text-decoration:none;white-space:normal}.central-featured-lang .link-box:hover strong{text-decoration:underline}.central-featured-lang :hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive)}.central-featured-lang strong{display:block;font-size:1.6rem}.central-featured-lang small{color:var(--color-subtle);display:inline-block;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.6}.central-featured-lang em{font-style:italic}.central-featured-lang .emNonItalicLang{font-style:normal}.lang1{top:0;right:60%}.lang2{top:0;left:60%}.lang3{top:20%;right:70%}.lang4{top:20%;left:70%}.lang5{top:40%;right:72%}.lang6{top:40%;left:72%}.lang7{top:60%;right:70%}.lang8{top:60%;left:70%}.lang9{top:80%;right:60%}.lang10{top:80%;left:60%}@media (max-width:480px){.central-featured{width:auto;height:auto;margin-top:8rem;font-size:1.3rem;text-align:left}.central-featured:after{content:" ";display:block;visibility:hidden;clear:both;height:0;font-size:0}.central-featured-lang{display:block;float:left;position:relative;top:auto;left:auto;right:auto;box-sizing:border-box;height:6.4rem;width:33%;margin:0 0 16px;padding:0 1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;text-align:center}.central-featured-lang 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(max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{top:8.6rem;left:calc(50% - 1.2rem)}}.wikipedia25-cta-container{display:none;text-align:center;margin:.96rem 0 2.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{display:block}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{margin:0 0 2.4rem}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);white-space:normal}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);background-color:#ffe49c}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);color:var(--color-progressive--hover)}.wikipedia25-cta-container 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var(--border-color-base);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),0 0 16px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}
</style>
<link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org">
<link rel="me" href="https://wikis.world/@wikipedia">
<meta property="og:url" content="">
<meta property="og:title" content="Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:description" content="Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png">
<link rel="preconnect" href="//en.wikipedia.org"></head>
<body id="www-wikipedia-org" class=" jsl10n-visible">
<main>
<div class="central-textlogo">
<img class="central-featured-logo" src="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2.png" srcset="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@1.5x.png 1.5x, portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@2x.png 2x" width="200" height="183" alt="">
<h1 class="central-textlogo-wrapper">
<span class="central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark">
Wikipedia
</span>
<strong class="jsl10n localized-slogan" data-jsl10n="portal.slogan">The Free Encyclopedia</strong>
</h1>
</div>
<div class="central-textlogo wikipedia25-videologo">
<video id="wikipedia25-video" class="wikipedia25-video" data-idle-light="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm" data-idle-dark="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm" data-click-light="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-light.webm" data-click-dark="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-dark.webm" data-poster-light="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp" data-poster-dark="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp" width="200" height="200" autoplay="" loop="" muted="" playsinline="" poster="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp" src="portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm">
</video>
<button id="wikipedia25-play-button" class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--framed jsl10n wikipedia25-play-button" type="button" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.play-button-text" aria-label="Play">
<span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--small"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true">
<g><path d="M4.55 19A1 1 0 013 18.13V1.87A1 1 0 014.55 1l12.2 8.13a1 1 0 010 1.7z"></path></g>
</svg></span>
</button>
<h1 class="central-textlogo-wrapper">
<span class="central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark">
Wikipedia
</span>
<strong class="jsl10n wikipedia25-slogan" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.slogan">25 years of the free encyclopedia</strong>
</h1>
</div>
<nav data-jsl10n="top-ten-nav-label" aria-label="Top languages" class="central-featured" data-el-section="primary links">
<!-- #1. en.wikipedia.org - 1,662,960,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang1" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-en" href="//en.wikipedia.org/" title="English — Wikipedia — The Free Encyclopedia" class="link-box" data-slogan="The Free Encyclopedia">
<strong>English</strong>
<small>7,141,000+ <span>articles</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #2. ja.wikipedia.org - 205,252,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang2" lang="ja" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-ja" href="//ja.wikipedia.org/" title="Nihongo — ウィキペディア — フリー百科事典" class="link-box" data-slogan="フリー百科事典">
<strong>日本語</strong>
<small>1,491,000+ <span>記事</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #3. de.wikipedia.org - 173,570,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang3" lang="de" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-de" href="//de.wikipedia.org/" title="Deutsch — Wikipedia — Die freie Enzyklopädie" class="link-box" data-slogan="Die freie Enzyklopädie">
<strong>Deutsch</strong>
<small>3.099.000+ <span>Artikel</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #4. ru.wikipedia.org - 154,560,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang4" lang="ru" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-ru" href="//ru.wikipedia.org/" title="Russkiy — Википедия — Свободная энциклопедия" class="link-box" data-slogan="Свободная энциклопедия">
<strong>Русский</strong>
<small>2 087 000+ <span>статей</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #5. fr.wikipedia.org - 147,379,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang5" lang="fr" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-fr" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/" title="Français — Wikipédia — L’encyclopédie libre" class="link-box" data-slogan="L’encyclopédie libre">
<strong>Français</strong>
<small>2 740 000+ <span>articles</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #6. es.wikipedia.org - 125,656,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang6" lang="es" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-es" href="//es.wikipedia.org/" title="Español — Wikipedia — La enciclopedia libre" class="link-box" data-slogan="La enciclopedia libre">
<strong>Español</strong>
<small>2.095.000+ <span>artículos</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #7. it.wikipedia.org - 91,026,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang7" lang="it" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-it" href="//it.wikipedia.org/" title="Italiano — Wikipedia — L'enciclopedia libera" class="link-box" data-slogan="L'enciclopedia libera">
<strong>Italiano</strong>
<small>1.957.000+ <span>voci</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #8. zh.wikipedia.org - 84,039,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang8" lang="zh" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-zh" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/" title="Zhōngwén — 维基百科 / 維基百科 — 自由的百科全书 / 自由的百科全書" class="link-box localize-variant" data-slogan="自由的百科全书 / 自由的百科全書">
<strong>中文</strong>
<small>1,524,000+ <span>条目 / 條目</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #9. pt.wikipedia.org - 46,289,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang9" lang="pt" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-pt" href="//pt.wikipedia.org/" title="Português — Wikipédia — A Enciclopédia Livre" class="link-box" data-slogan="A Enciclopédia Livre">
<strong>Português</strong>
<small>1.165.000+ <span>artigos</span></small>
</a>
</div>
<!-- #10. pl.wikipedia.org - 46,221,000 views/day -->
<div class="central-featured-lang lang10" lang="pl" dir="ltr">
<a id="js-link-box-pl" href="//pl.wikipedia.org/" title="Polski — Wikipedia — Wolna encyklopedia" class="link-box" data-slogan="Wolna encyklopedia">
<strong>Polski</strong>
<small>1 685 000+ <span>haseł</span></small>
</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="wikipedia25-cta-container">
<button id="wikipedia25-cta-button" class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-text">
Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia
</button>
<div class="wikipedia25-cta-description jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-description">
Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!
</div>
</div>
<div class="wikipedia25-modal-container">
<div id="wikipedia25-dialog-backdrop" class="cdx-dialog-backdrop hidden">
<div tabindex="0" class="wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-start"></div>
<div id="wikipedia25-dialog" class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--vertical-actions" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="wikipedia25-modal-title" aria-modal="true">
<header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default">
<div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group">
<h2 id="wikipedia25-modal-title" class="cdx-dialog__header__title jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.title">
Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia
</h2>
</div>
<button id="wikipedia25-dialog-close-button" class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button jsl10n" type="button" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.close-button-text" aria-label="Close">
<span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true">
<g>
<path d="m4.34 2.93 12.73 12.73-1.41 1.41L2.93 4.35z"></path>
<path d="M17.07 4.34 4.34 17.07l-1.41-1.41L15.66 2.93z"></path>
</g>
</svg></span>
</button>
</header>
<div class="cdx-dialog-focus-trap" tabindex="-1"></div>
<div class="cdx-dialog__body cdx-scrollable-container jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.text">
Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!
</div>
<footer class="cdx-dialog__footer cdx-dialog__footer--default">
<div class="cdx-dialog__footer__actions">
<button id="wikipedia25-dialog-primary-button" class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.primary-button-text">
Learn more
</button>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<div tabindex="0" class="wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-end"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div role="search" class="search-container">
<form class="pure-form" id="search-form" action="//www.wikipedia.org/search-redirect.php" data-el-section="search">
<fieldset>
<input type="hidden" name="family" value="wikipedia">
<div class="search-input" id="search-input">
<label for="searchInput" class="screen-reader-text" data-jsl10n="portal.search-input-label">Search Wikipedia</label>
<input id="searchInput" name="search" type="search" size="20" autofocus="autofocus" accesskey="F" dir="auto" autocomplete="off" style="padding-right: 64px;">
<div class=" styled-select js-enabled">
<div class="hide-arrow">
<label for="searchLanguage" id="jsLangLabel" class="js-langpicker-label">en</label><select id="searchLanguage" name="language">
<option value="af" lang="af">Afrikaans</option>
<option value="sq" lang="sq">Shqip</option><!-- Anglisht -->
<option value="ar" lang="ar">العربية</option><!-- Al-ʿArabīyah -->
<option value="ast" lang="ast">Asturianu</option>
<option value="az" lang="az">Azərbaycanca</option>
<option value="bg" lang="bg">Български</option><!-- Bǎlgarski -->
<option value="nan" lang="nan">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</option><!-- Bân-lâm-gú -->
<option value="bn" lang="bn">বাংলা</option><!-- Bangla -->
<option value="be" lang="be">Беларуская</option><!-- Belaruskaya -->
<option value="ca" lang="ca">Català</option>
<option value="cs" lang="cs">Čeština</option>
<option value="cy" lang="cy">Cymraeg</option>
<option value="da" lang="da">Dansk</option>
<option value="de" lang="de">Deutsch</option>
<option value="et" lang="et">Eesti</option>
<option value="el" lang="el">Ελληνικά</option><!-- Ellīniká -->
<option value="en" lang="en" selected="selected">English</option><!-- English -->
<option value="es" lang="es">Español</option><!-- Español -->
<option value="eo" lang="eo">Esperanto</option>
<option value="eu" lang="eu">Euskara</option>
<option value="fa" lang="fa">فارسی</option><!-- Fārsi -->
<option value="fr" lang="fr">Français</option>
<option value="gl" lang="gl">Galego</option><!-- Galego -->
<option value="ko" lang="ko">한국어</option><!-- Hangugeo -->
<option value="hy" lang="hy">Հայերեն</option><!-- Hayeren -->
<option value="hi" lang="hi">हिन्दी</option><!-- Hindī -->
<option value="hr" lang="hr">Hrvatski</option>
<option value="id" lang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</option><!-- Bahasa Inggris -->
<option value="it" lang="it">Italiano</option>
<option value="he" lang="he">עברית</option><!-- Ivrit -->
<option value="ka" lang="ka">ქართული</option><!-- Kartuli -->
<option value="lld" lang="lld">Ladin</option>
<option value="la" lang="la">Latina</option>
<option value="lv" lang="lv">Latviešu</option>
<option value="lt" lang="lt">Lietuvių</option>
<option value="hu" lang="hu">Magyar</option>
<option value="mk" lang="mk">Македонски</option><!-- Makedonski -->
<option value="mg" lang="mg">Malagasy</option>
<option value="mr" lang="mr">मराठी</option><!-- Marathi -->
<option value="arz" lang="arz">مصرى</option><!-- Maṣrī -->
<option value="ms" lang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</option><!-- Bahasa Melayu -->
<option value="min" lang="min">Bahaso Minangkabau</option>
<option value="my" lang="my">မြန်မာဘာသာ</option><!-- Myanmarsar -->
<option value="nl" lang="nl">Nederlands</option>
<option value="ja" lang="ja">日本語</option><!-- Nihongo -->
<option value="no" lang="nb">Norsk (bokmål)</option>
<option value="nn" lang="nn">Norsk (nynorsk)</option>
<option value="ce" lang="ce">Нохчийн</option><!-- Noxçiyn -->
<option value="uz" lang="uz">Oʻzbekcha / Ўзбекча</option>
<option value="pl" lang="pl">Polski</option>
<option value="pt" lang="pt">Português</option>
<option value="kk" lang="kk">Қазақша / Qazaqşa / قازاقشا</option>
<option value="ro" lang="ro">Română</option>
<option value="simple" lang="en">Simple English</option>
<option value="ceb" lang="ceb">Sinugboanong Binisaya</option>
<option value="sk" lang="sk">Slovenčina</option>
<option value="sl" lang="sl">Slovenščina</option><!-- Slovenščina -->
<option value="sr" lang="sr">Српски / Srpski</option>
<option value="sh" lang="sh">Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски</option>
<option value="fi" lang="fi">Suomi</option>
<option value="sv" lang="sv">Svenska</option>
<option value="sw" lang="sw">Kiswahili</option>
<option value="ta" lang="ta">தமிழ்</option><!-- Tamiḻ -->
<option value="tt" lang="tt">Татарча / Tatarça</option>
<option value="te" lang="te">తెలుగు</option><!-- Telugu -->
<option value="th" lang="th">ภาษาไทย</option><!-- Phasa Thai -->
<option value="tg" lang="tg">Тоҷикӣ</option><!-- Tojikī -->
<option value="azb" lang="azb">تۆرکجه</option><!-- Türkce -->
<option value="tr" lang="tr">Türkçe</option><!-- Türkçe -->
<option value="uk" lang="uk">Українська</option><!-- Ukrayins’ka -->
<option value="ur" lang="ur">اردو</option><!-- Urdu -->
<option value="vi" lang="vi">Tiếng Việt</option>
<option value="war" lang="war">Winaray</option>
<option value="zh" lang="zh">中文</option><!-- Zhōngwén -->
<option value="ru" lang="ru">Русский</option><!-- Russkiy -->
<option value="yue" lang="yue">粵語</option>
</select>
<div class="styled-select-active-helper"></div>
</div>
<i class="sprite svg-arrow-down"></i>
</div>
<div id="typeahead-suggestions"></div></div>
<button class="pure-button pure-button-primary-progressive" type="submit">
<i class="sprite svg-search-icon" data-jsl10n="search-input-button">Search</i>
</button>
<input type="hidden" value="Go" name="go">
</fieldset>
</form>
</div>
<nav data-jsl10n="all-languages-nav-label" aria-label="All languages">
<div class="lang-list-button-wrapper">
<button id="js-lang-list-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="js-lang-lists" class="lang-list-button">
<i class="sprite svg-language-icon"></i>
<span class="lang-list-button-text jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.language-button-text">Read Wikipedia in your language </span>
<i class="sprite svg-arrow-down-blue"></i>
</button>
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<li><a href="//ace.wikipedia.org/" lang="ace">Bahsa Acèh</a></li>
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<li><a href="//mzn.wikipedia.org/" lang="mzn" title="Mäzeruni"><bdi dir="rtl">مازِرونی</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//cdo.wikipedia.org/" lang="cdo" title="Ming-deng-ngu">Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ / 閩東語</a></li>
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<li><a href="//as.wikipedia.org/" lang="as" title="Ôxômiya">অসমীযা়</a></li>
<li><a href="//pa.wikipedia.org/" lang="pa" title="Pañjābī (Gurmukhī)">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li>
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<li><a href="//ps.wikipedia.org/" lang="ps" title="Paʂto"><bdi dir="rtl">پښتو</bdi></a></li>
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<li><a href="//nds.wikipedia.org/" lang="nds">Plattdüütsch</a></li>
<li><a href="//kaa.wikipedia.org/" lang="kaa">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li>
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<li><a href="//sa.wikipedia.org/" lang="sa" title="Saṃskṛtam">संस्कृतम्</a></li>
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<li><a href="//si.wikipedia.org/" lang="si" title="Siṃhala">සිංහල</a></li>
<li><a href="//sd.wikipedia.org/" lang="sd" title="Sindhī"><bdi dir="rtl">سنڌي</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//szl.wikipedia.org/" lang="szl">Ślůnski</a></li>
<li><a href="//so.wikipedia.org/" lang="so">Soomaaliga</a></li>
<li><a href="//su.wikipedia.org/" lang="su">Basa Sunda</a></li>
<li><a href="//shi.wikipedia.org/" lang="shi">Taclḥit</a></li>
<li><a href="//tl.wikipedia.org/" lang="tl">Tagalog</a></li>
<li><a href="//shn.wikipedia.org/" lang="shn">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး</a></li>
<li><a href="//zgh.wikipedia.org/" lang="zgh" title="Tamazight tanawayt">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li>
<li><a href="//tly.wikipedia.org/" lang="tly">tolışi</a></li>
<li><a href="//tum.wikipedia.org/" lang="tum">chiTumbuka</a></li>
<li><a href="//bug.wikipedia.org/" lang="bug">Basa Ugi</a></li>
<li><a href="//vec.wikipedia.org/" lang="vec">Vèneto</a></li>
<li><a href="//vo.wikipedia.org/" lang="vo">Volapük</a></li>
<li><a href="//wa.wikipedia.org/" lang="wa">Walon</a></li>
<li><a href="//zh-classical.wikipedia.org/" lang="lzh" title="Wényán">文言</a></li>
<li><a href="//wuu.wikipedia.org/" lang="wuu" title="Wúyǔ">吴语</a></li>
<li><a href="//yi.wikipedia.org/" lang="yi" title="Yidiš"><bdi dir="rtl">ייִדיש</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//yo.wikipedia.org/" lang="yo">Yorùbá</a></li>
<li><a href="//diq.wikipedia.org/" lang="diq">Zazaki</a></li>
<li><a href="//bat-smg.wikipedia.org/" lang="sgs">Žemaitėška</a></li>
<li><a href="//zu.wikipedia.org/" lang="zu">isiZulu</a></li>
<li><a href="//ne.wikipedia.org/" lang="ne" title="Nepālī">नेपाली</a></li>
<li><a href="//mni.wikipedia.org/" lang="mni">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li>
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<li><a href="//lad.wikipedia.org/" lang="lad"><span lang="lad-Latn">Dzhudezmo</span> / <bdi lang="lad-Hebr" dir="rtl">לאדינו</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//kbd.wikipedia.org/" lang="kbd" title="Adighabze">Адыгэбзэ</a></li>
<li><a href="//ang.wikipedia.org/" lang="ang">Ænglisc</a></li>
<li><a href="//smn.wikipedia.org/" lang="smn" title="Anarâškielâ">Anarâškielâ</a></li>
<li><a href="//anp.wikipedia.org/" lang="anp" title="Angika">अंगिका</a></li>
<li><a href="//ab.wikipedia.org/" lang="ab" title="Aṗsshwa">Аԥсшәа</a></li>
<li><a href="//roa-rup.wikipedia.org/" lang="rup">armãneashti</a></li>
<li><a href="//frp.wikipedia.org/" lang="frp">Arpitan</a></li>
<li><a href="//atj.wikipedia.org/" lang="atj">atikamekw</a></li>
<li><a href="//arc.wikipedia.org/" lang="arc" title="Ātûrāyâ"><bdi dir="rtl">ܐܬܘܪܝܐ</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//gn.wikipedia.org/" lang="gn">Avañe’ẽ</a></li>
<li><a href="//av.wikipedia.org/" lang="av" title="Avar">Авар</a></li>
<li><a href="//ay.wikipedia.org/" lang="ay">Aymar</a></li>
<li><a href="//bbc.wikipedia.org/" lang="bbc">Batak Toba</a></li>
<li><a href="//bew.wikipedia.org/" lang="bew">Betawi</a></li>
<li><a href="//bh.wikipedia.org/" lang="bh" title="Bhōjapurī">भोजपुरी</a></li>
<li><a href="//bi.wikipedia.org/" lang="bi">Bislama</a></li>
<li><a href="//bo.wikipedia.org/" lang="bo" title="Bod Skad">བོད་ཡིག</a></li>
<li><a href="//bxr.wikipedia.org/" lang="bxr" title="Buryad">Буряад</a></li>
<li><a href="//cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/" lang="cbk-x-zam">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li>
<li><a href="//ny.wikipedia.org/" lang="ny">Chichewa</a></li>
<li><a href="//co.wikipedia.org/" lang="co">Corsu</a></li>
<li><a href="//za.wikipedia.org/" lang="za">Vahcuengh / 話僮</a></li>
<li><a href="//dga.wikipedia.org/" lang="dga">Dagaare</a></li>
<li><a href="//se.wikipedia.org/" lang="se" title="Davvisámegiella">Davvisámegiella</a></li>
<li><a href="//pdc.wikipedia.org/" lang="pdc">Deitsch</a></li>
<li><a href="//dv.wikipedia.org/" lang="dv" title="Divehi"><bdi dir="rtl">ދިވެހިބަސް</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//dsb.wikipedia.org/" lang="dsb">Dolnoserbski</a></li>
<li><a href="//myv.wikipedia.org/" lang="myv" title="Erzjanj">Эрзянь</a></li>
<li><a href="//ext.wikipedia.org/" lang="ext">Estremeñu</a></li>
<li><a href="//ee.wikipedia.org/" lang="ee">Eʋegbe</a></li>
<li><a href="//gur.wikipedia.org/" lang="gur">Farefare</a></li>
<li><a href="//fon.wikipedia.org/" lang="fon">Fɔ̀ngbè</a></li>
<li><a href="//fur.wikipedia.org/" lang="fur">Furlan</a></li>
<li><a href="//gv.wikipedia.org/" lang="gv">Gaelg</a></li>
<li><a href="//gag.wikipedia.org/" lang="gag">Gagauz</a></li>
<li><a href="//inh.wikipedia.org/" lang="inh" title="Ghalghai">ГӀалгӀай</a></li>
<li><a href="//gpe.wikipedia.org/" lang="gpe">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li>
<li><a href="//ki.wikipedia.org/" lang="ki">Gĩkũyũ</a></li>
<li><a href="//gan.wikipedia.org/" lang="gan" title="Gon ua" data-hans="赣语" data-hant="贛語" class="jscnconv">赣语 / 贛語</a></li>
<li><a href="//guw.wikipedia.org/" lang="guw">Gungbe</a></li>
<li><a href="//got.wikipedia.org/" lang="got" title="Gutisk">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li>
<li><a href="//xal.wikipedia.org/" lang="xal" title="Halʹmg">Хальмг</a></li>
<li><a href="//haw.wikipedia.org/" lang="haw">ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi</a></li>
<li><a href="//rw.wikipedia.org/" lang="rw">Ikinyarwanda</a></li>
<li><a href="//iba.wikipedia.org/" lang="iba">Jaku Iban</a></li>
<li><a href="//kbp.wikipedia.org/" lang="kbp">Kabɩyɛ</a></li>
<li><a href="//dtp.wikipedia.org/" lang="dtp">Kadazandusun</a></li>
<li><a href="//knc.wikipedia.org/" lang="knc">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li>
<li><a href="//csb.wikipedia.org/" lang="csb">Kaszëbsczi</a></li>
<li><a href="//kw.wikipedia.org/" lang="kw">Kernewek</a></li>
<li><a href="//kv.wikipedia.org/" lang="kv" title="Komi">Коми</a></li>
<li><a href="//koi.wikipedia.org/" lang="koi" title="Perem Komi">Перем коми</a></li>
<li><a href="//kg.wikipedia.org/" lang="kg">Kongo</a></li>
<li><a href="//gom.wikipedia.org/" lang="gom">कोंकणी / Konknni</a></li>
<li><a href="//ks.wikipedia.org/" lang="ks" title="Koshur"><bdi dir="rtl">كٲشُر</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//gcr.wikipedia.org/" lang="gcr">Kriyòl Gwiyannen</a></li>
<li><a href="//kge.wikipedia.org/" lang="kge">Kumoring</a></li>
<li><a href="//kus.wikipedia.org/" lang="kus">Kʋsaal</a></li>
<li><a href="//lo.wikipedia.org/" lang="lo" title="Phaasaa Laao">ພາສາລາວ</a></li>
<li><a href="//lbe.wikipedia.org/" lang="lbe" title="Lakku">Лакку</a></li>
<li><a href="//ltg.wikipedia.org/" lang="ltg">Latgaļu</a></li>
<li><a href="//lez.wikipedia.org/" lang="lez" title="Lezgi">Лезги</a></li>
<li><a href="//nia.wikipedia.org/" lang="nia">Li Niha</a></li>
<li><a href="//ln.wikipedia.org/" lang="ln">Lingála</a></li>
<li><a href="//lfn.wikipedia.org/" lang="lfn">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li>
<li><a href="//olo.wikipedia.org/" lang="olo">livvinkarjala</a></li>
<li><a href="//jbo.wikipedia.org/" lang="jbo">lojban</a></li>
<li><a href="//lg.wikipedia.org/" lang="lg">Luganda</a></li>
<li><a href="//mad.wikipedia.org/" lang="mad">Madhurâ</a></li>
<li><a href="//mt.wikipedia.org/" lang="mt">Malti</a></li>
<li><a href="//btm.wikipedia.org/" lang="btm">Mandailing</a></li>
<li><a href="//mi.wikipedia.org/" lang="mi">Māori</a></li>
<li><a href="//fat.wikipedia.org/" lang="fat">Mfantse</a></li>
<li><a href="//mwl.wikipedia.org/" lang="mwl">Mirandés</a></li>
<li><a href="//mdf.wikipedia.org/" lang="mdf" title="Mokšenj">Мокшень</a></li>
<li><a href="//mnw.wikipedia.org/" lang="mnw">ဘာသာ မန်</a></li>
<li><a href="//mos.wikipedia.org/" lang="mos">Moore</a></li>
<li><a href="//nqo.wikipedia.org/" lang="nqo" title="N'Ko">ߒߞߏ</a></li>
<li><a href="//fj.wikipedia.org/" lang="fj">Na Vosa Vaka-Viti</a></li>
<li><a href="//nah.wikipedia.org/" lang="nah">Nāhuatlahtōlli</a></li>
<li><a href="//pcm.wikipedia.org/" lang="pcm">Naijá</a></li>
<li><a href="//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/" lang="nds-nl">Nedersaksisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//nrm.wikipedia.org/" lang="roa-x-nrm">Nouormand / Normaund</a></li>
<li><a href="//nov.wikipedia.org/" lang="nov">Novial</a></li>
<li><a href="//om.wikipedia.org/" lang="om">Afaan Oromoo</a></li>
<li><a href="//blk.wikipedia.org/" lang="blk">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li>
<li><a href="//pag.wikipedia.org/" lang="pag">Pangasinán</a></li>
<li><a href="//ami.wikipedia.org/" lang="ami">Pangcah</a></li>
<li><a href="//pap.wikipedia.org/" lang="pap">Papiamentu</a></li>
<li><a href="//jam.wikipedia.org/" lang="jam">Patois</a></li>
<li><a href="//pfl.wikipedia.org/" lang="pfl">Pfälzisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//pcd.wikipedia.org/" lang="pcd">Picard</a></li>
<li><a href="//krc.wikipedia.org/" lang="krc" title="Qaraçay–Malqar">Къарачай–малкъар</a></li>
<li><a href="//ksh.wikipedia.org/" lang="ksh">Ripoarisch</a></li>
<li><a href="//rm.wikipedia.org/" lang="rm">Rumantsch</a></li>
<li><a href="//rsk.wikipedia.org/" lang="rsk" title="Ruski">Руски</a></li>
<li><a href="//szy.wikipedia.org/" lang="szy">Sakizaya</a></li>
<li><a href="//sm.wikipedia.org/" lang="sm">Gagana Sāmoa</a></li>
<li><a href="//sc.wikipedia.org/" lang="sc">Sardu</a></li>
<li><a href="//trv.wikipedia.org/" lang="trv">Seediq</a></li>
<li><a href="//stq.wikipedia.org/" lang="stq">Seeltersk</a></li>
<li><a href="//st.wikipedia.org/" lang="st">Sesotho</a></li>
<li><a href="//nso.wikipedia.org/" lang="nso">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li>
<li><a href="//tn.wikipedia.org/" lang="tn">Setswana</a></li>
<li><a href="//syl.wikipedia.org/" lang="syl" title="Silôṭi">ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ</a></li>
<li><a href="//cu.wikipedia.org/" lang="cu" title="Slověnĭskŭ">Словѣ́ньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li>
<li><a href="//srn.wikipedia.org/" lang="srn">Sranantongo</a></li>
<li><a href="//ss.wikipedia.org/" lang="ss">SiSwati</a></li>
<li><a href="//ty.wikipedia.org/" lang="ty">Reo tahiti</a></li>
<li><a href="//kab.wikipedia.org/" lang="kab" title="Taqbaylit">Taqbaylit</a></li>
<li><a href="//roa-tara.wikipedia.org/" lang="roa">Tarandíne</a></li>
<li><a href="//tay.wikipedia.org/" lang="tay">Tayal</a></li>
<li><a href="//tet.wikipedia.org/" lang="tet">Tetun</a></li>
<li><a href="//tpi.wikipedia.org/" lang="tpi">Tok Pisin</a></li>
<li><a href="//tok.wikipedia.org/" lang="tok" title="toki pona">toki pona</a></li>
<li><a href="//to.wikipedia.org/" lang="to">faka Tonga</a></li>
<li><a href="//tk.wikipedia.org/" lang="tk">Türkmençe</a></li>
<li><a href="//tw.wikipedia.org/" lang="tw">Twi</a></li>
<li><a href="//kcg.wikipedia.org/" lang="kcg">Tyap</a></li>
<li><a href="//tyv.wikipedia.org/" lang="tyv" title="Tyva dyl">Тыва дыл</a></li>
<li><a href="//udm.wikipedia.org/" lang="udm" title="Udmurt">Удмурт</a></li>
<li><a href="//ug.wikipedia.org/" lang="ug"><bdi dir="rtl">ئۇيغۇرچه</bdi></a></li>
<li><a href="//vep.wikipedia.org/" lang="vep">Vepsän</a></li>
<li><a href="//fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/" lang="vro">võro</a></li>
<li><a href="//vls.wikipedia.org/" lang="vls">West-Vlams</a></li>
<li><a href="//wo.wikipedia.org/" lang="wo">Wolof</a></li>
<li><a href="//xh.wikipedia.org/" lang="xh">isiXhosa</a></li>
<li><a href="//zea.wikipedia.org/" lang="zea">Zeêuws</a></li>
<li><a href="//alt.wikipedia.org/" lang="alt">алтай тил</a></li>
<li><a href="//awa.wikipedia.org/" lang="awa">अवधी</a></li>
<li><a href="//dty.wikipedia.org/" lang="dty">डोटेली</a></li>
<li><a href="//tcy.wikipedia.org/" lang="tcy">ತುಳು</a></li>
<li><a href="//rki.wikipedia.org/" lang="rki">ရခိုင်</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 class="bookshelf-container">
<span class="bookshelf">
<span class="text">
<bdi dir="ltr">
100+
</bdi>
<span class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.entries">
articles
</span>
</span>
</span>
</h2>
<div class="langlist langlist-tiny hlist" data-el-section="secondary links">
<ul>
<li><a href="//bdr.wikipedia.org/" lang="bdr">Bajau Sama</a></li>
<li><a href="//bm.wikipedia.org/" lang="bm">Bamanankan</a></li>
<li><a href="//ch.wikipedia.org/" lang="ch">Chamoru</a></li>
<li><a href="//dz.wikipedia.org/" lang="dz" title="Rdzong-Kha">རྫོང་ཁ</a></li>
<li><a href="//igl.wikipedia.org/" lang="igl">Igala</a></li>
<li><a href="//iu.wikipedia.org/" lang="iu">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / Inuktitut</a></li>
<li><a href="//ik.wikipedia.org/" lang="ik">Iñupiak</a></li>
<li><a href="//nr.wikipedia.org/" lang="nr" title="isiNdebele seSewula">isiNdebele seSewula</a></li>
<li><a href="//kaj.wikipedia.org/" lang="kaj">Jju</a></li>
<li><a href="//ppl.wikipedia.org/" lang="ppl">Nawat</a></li>
<li><a href="//nup.wikipedia.org/" lang="nup">Nupe</a></li>
<li><a href="//ann.wikipedia.org/" lang="ann">Obolo</a></li>
<li><a href="//pi.wikipedia.org/" lang="pi" title="Pāḷi">पालि</a></li>
<li><a href="//pwn.wikipedia.org/" lang="pwn">pinayuanan</a></li>
<li><a href="//pnt.wikipedia.org/" lang="pnt" title="Pontiaká">Ποντιακά</a></li>
<li><a href="//rmy.wikipedia.org/" lang="rmy">Romani čhib</a></li>
<li><a href="//rn.wikipedia.org/" lang="rn">Ikirundi</a></li>
<li><a href="//sg.wikipedia.org/" lang="sg">Sängö</a></li>
<li><a href="//tdd.wikipedia.org/" lang="tdd" title="Tai taɯ xoŋ">ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ</a></li>
<li><a href="//ti.wikipedia.org/" lang="ti" title="Təgərəña">ትግርኛ</a></li>
<li><a href="//din.wikipedia.org/" lang="din">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li>
<li><a href="//chr.wikipedia.org/" lang="chr" title="Tsalagi">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li>
<li><a href="//chy.wikipedia.org/" lang="chy">Tsėhesenėstsestotse</a></li>
<li><a href="//ts.wikipedia.org/" lang="ts">Xitsonga</a></li>
<li><a href="//ve.wikipedia.org/" lang="ve">Tshivenḓa</a></li>
<li><a href="//guc.wikipedia.org/" lang="guc">Wayuunaiki</a></li>
<li><a href="//ady.wikipedia.org/" lang="ady">адыгабзэ</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="langlist langlist-others hlist" data-el-section="other languages">
<a class="jsl10n" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/List_of_Wikipedias" lang="" data-jsl10n="other-languages-label">Other languages</a>
</div></div>
</div>
</nav>
<hr>
</main>
<footer class="footer" data-el-section="other projects">
<div class="footer-sidebar">
<div class="footer-sidebar-content">
<div class="footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-Wikimedia-logo_black">
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar-text jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.footer-description">
Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects.
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar-text">
<a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_medium=portal&wmf_campaign=portalFooter&wmf_source=portalFooter" target="_blank">
<span class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="footer-donate">You can support our work with a donation.</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar app-badges">
<div class="footer-sidebar-content">
<div class="footer-sidebar-text">
<div class="footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-wikipedia_app_tile"></div>
<strong class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.title">
<a class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.url" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_mobile_applications">
Download Wikipedia for Android or iOS
</a>
</strong>
<p class="jsl10n" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.description">
Save your favorite articles to read offline, sync your reading lists across devices and customize your reading experience with the official Wikipedia app.
</p>
<ul>
<li class="app-badge app-badge-android">
<a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia&referrer=utm_source%3Dportal%26utm_medium%3Dbutton%26anid%3Dadmob">
<span class="jsl10n sprite svg-badge_google_play_store" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.google-store">Google Play Store</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="app-badge app-badge-ios">
<a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://itunes.apple.com/app/apple-store/id324715238?pt=208305&ct=portal&mt=8">
<span class="jsl10n sprite svg-badge_ios_app_store" data-jsl10n="portal.app-links.apple-store">Apple App Store</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer-sidebar wikipedia25-footer-sidebar">
<div class="footer-sidebar-content">
<div class="footer-sidebar-text">
<span class="cdx-toggle-switch cdx-toggle-switch--align-switch">
<input id="wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch" class="cdx-toggle-switch__input" type="checkbox">
<span class="cdx-toggle-switch__switch">
<span classPage Title
Wikipedia
Response Headers
—
Request Options
{
"proxy": {
"type": "datacenter"
},
"url": "https://wikipedia.org"
}No network requests captured.
Network capture is only available for browser-based scrapers (Playwright, Scrapling).
Protections
No protection findings were detected for this method.
Structured Metadata
Open Graph
[
{
"namespace": {
"og": "http://ogp.me/ns#"
},
"properties": [
[
"og:url",
""
],
[
"og:title",
"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"
],
[
"og:type",
"website"
],
[
"og:description",
"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation."
],
[
"og:image",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png"
]
]
}
]Scraper Response Data
Response payload
{
"content": "<html lang=\"en\" class=\"js-enabled wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled\"><head>\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikipedia</title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<script>\ndocument.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( /(^|\\s)no-js(\\s|$)/, \"$1js-enabled$2\" );\n /**\n * Initialize Wikipedia25. Check if disabled via cookie; if\n * active, apply the enabled class and randomly assign a video variant class\n */\n (function() {\n var cookieName = 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-disabled';\n if ( document.cookie.indexOf( cookieName + '=1' ) === -1 ) {\n document.documentElement.classList.add( 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled' );\n }\n })();\n</script>\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"initial-scale=1,user-scalable=yes\">\n<link rel=\"apple-touch-icon\" href=\"/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png\">\n<link rel=\"shortcut icon\" href=\"/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico\">\n<link rel=\"license\" href=\"//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\">\n<style>\n.sprite{background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/sprite-e49fbf32.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.svg-Commons-logo_sister{background-position:0 0;width:47px;height:47px}.svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -47px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Meta-Wiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -89px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikibooks-logo_sister{background-position:0 -126px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikidata-logo_sister{background-position:0 -163px;width:49px;height:49px}.svg-Wikifunctions-logo_sister{background-position:0 -212px;width:50px;height:50px}.svg-Wikimedia-logo_black{background-position:0 -262px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{background-position:0 -304px;width:176px;height:32px}.svg-Wikiquote-logo_sister{background-position:0 -336px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikisource-logo_sister{background-position:0 -378px;width:39px;height:39px}.svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister{background-position:0 -417px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikiversity-logo_sister{background-position:0 -459px;width:43px;height:37px}.svg-Wikivoyage-logo_sister{background-position:0 -496px;width:36px;height:36px}.svg-Wiktionary-logo_sister{background-position:0 -532px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-arrow-down{background-position:0 -569px;width:12px;height:8px}.svg-arrow-down-blue{background-position:0 -577px;width:14px;height:14px}.svg-badge_google_play_store{background-position:0 -591px;width:124px;height:38px}.svg-badge_ios_app_store{background-position:0 -629px;width:110px;height:38px}.svg-language-icon{background-position:0 -667px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-noimage{background-position:0 -689px;width:58px;height:58px}.svg-search-icon{background-position:0 -747px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-wikipedia_app_tile{background-position:0 -769px;width:42px;height:42px}\n</style>\n<style>\n:root{--color-base:#202122;--color-base-fixed:#202122;--color-base--hover:#404244;--color-emphasized:#101418;--color-subtle:#54595d;--color-placeholder:#72777d;--color-disabled:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled-emphasized:#a2a9b1;--color-inverted:#fff;--color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--color-progressive:#36c;--color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--color-progressive--active:#233566;--color-progressive--focus:#36c;--color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--color-destructive--active:#612419;--color-destructive--focus:#36c;--color-visited:#6a60b0;--color-visited--hover:#534fa3;--color-visited--active:#353262;--color-destructive--visited:#9f5555;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#854848;--color-destructive--visited--active:#512e2e;--color-error:#bf3c2c;--color-error--hover:#9f3526;--color-error--active:#612419;--color-warning:#886425;--color-success:#177860;--color-notice:#404244;--color-icon-error:#f54739;--color-icon-warning:#ab7f2a;--color-icon-success:#099979;--color-icon-notice:#72777d;--color-content-added:#006400;--color-content-removed:#8b0000;--opacity-base:1;--opacity-medium:0.65;--opacity-low:0.3;--opacity-transparent:0;--filter-invert-icon:0;--filter-invert-primary-button-icon:1;--background-position-base:center;--background-size-search-figure:cover;--z-index-bottom:-100;--z-index-base:0;--z-index-above-content:1;--z-index-toolbar:2;--z-index-dropdown:50;--z-index-sticky:100;--z-index-fixed:200;--z-index-off-canvas-backdrop:300;--z-index-off-canvas:350;--z-index-overlay-backdrop:400;--z-index-overlay:450;--z-index-popover:700;--z-index-tooltip:800;--z-index-toast-notification:900;--z-index-top:9999;--z-index-stacking-0:0;--z-index-stacking-1:1;--z-index-stacking-2:2;--z-index-stacking-3:3;--box-sizing-base:border-box;--size-0:0;--size-6:0.0625rem;--size-12:0.125rem;--size-25:0.25rem;--size-50:0.5rem;--size-75:0.75rem;--size-100:1rem;--size-125:1.25rem;--size-150:1.5rem;--size-200:2rem;--size-250:2.5rem;--size-275:2.75rem;--size-300:3rem;--size-400:4rem;--size-800:8rem;--size-1200:12rem;--size-1600:16rem;--size-2400:24rem;--size-2800:28rem;--size-3200:32rem;--size-4000:40rem;--size-5600:56rem;--size-viewport-width-full:100vw;--size-viewport-height-full:100vh;--size-absolute-1:1px;--size-absolute-9999:9999px;--size-content-min:min-content;--size-content-fit:fit-content;--size-content-max:max-content;--size-third:33.33%;--size-half:50%;--size-full:100%;--size-double:200%;--size-search-figure:2.5rem;--max-width-base:none;--max-width-breakpoint-mobile:calc(640px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-tablet:calc(1120px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-desktop:calc(1680px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-button:28rem;--border-style-base:solid;--border-style-dashed:dashed;--box-shadow-inset-small:inset 0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-inset-medium:inset 0 0 0 2px;--box-shadow-inset-medium-vertical:inset 0 -2px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small:0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-outset-small-top:0 -1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom:0 1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-start:-1px 0 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-below:0 4px 4px 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-around:0 0 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-below:0 4px 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-around:0 0 16px 0;--box-shadow-color-base:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-progressive--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#3056a9;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#fff;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.06);--box-shadow-color-transparent:transparent;--font-family-base:sans-serif;--font-family-system-sans:-apple-system,\"BlinkMacSystemFont\",\"Segoe UI\",\"Roboto\",\"Inter\",\"Helvetica\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--font-family-sans--fallback:sans-serif;--font-family-serif:\"Linux Libertine\",\"Georgia\",\"Times\",\"Source Serif 4\",serif;--font-family-serif--fallback:serif;--font-family-monospace:\"Menlo\",\"Consolas\",\"Liberation Mono\",\"Fira Code\",\"Courier New\",monospace;--font-family-monospace--fallback:monospace,monospace;--font-family-heading-main:\"Linux Libertine\",\"Georgia\",\"Times\",\"Source Serif 4\",serif;--font-size-x-small:0.75rem;--font-size-small:0.875rem;--font-size-medium:1rem;--font-size-large:1.125rem;--font-size-x-large:1.25rem;--font-size-xx-large:1.5rem;--font-size-xxx-large:1.75rem;--font-weight-hairline:100;--font-weight-light:300;--font-weight-normal:400;--font-weight-semi-bold:600;--font-weight-bold:700;--line-height-x-small:1.25rem;--line-height-small:1.375rem;--line-height-medium:1.625rem;--line-height-large:1.75rem;--line-height-x-large:1.875rem;--line-height-xx-large:2.125rem;--line-height-xxx-large:2.375rem;--line-height-content:1.625;--text-decoration-none:none;--text-decoration-line-through:line-through;--text-decoration-underline:underline;--text-overflow-clip:clip;--text-overflow-ellipsis:ellipsis;--tab-size-base:4;--transform-checkbox-tick--checked:rotate(45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-start:rotate(-45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-end:rotate(315deg);--transition-duration-base:100ms;--transition-duration-medium:250ms;--transition-property-base:background-color,color,border-color,box-shadow;--transition-property-fade:opacity;--transition-property-icon:color;--transition-property-icon-css-only:background-color;--transition-property-toggle-switch-grip:background-color,border-color,transform;--transition-timing-function-system:ease;--transition-timing-function-user:ease-out;--animation-delay-none:0ms;--animation-delay-medium:-160ms;--animation-delay-slow:-320ms;--animation-duration-fast:1000ms;--animation-duration-medium:1600ms;--animation-duration-slow:2000ms;--animation-timing-function-base:linear;--animation-timing-function-bouncing:ease-in-out;--animation-iteration-count-base:infinite;--cursor-base:default;--cursor-base--disabled:default;--cursor-base--hover:pointer;--cursor-grab:grab;--cursor-grabbing:grabbing;--cursor-help:help;--cursor-move:move;--cursor-not-allowed:not-allowed;--cursor-resize-nesw:nesw-resize;--cursor-resize-nwse:nwse-resize;--cursor-text:text;--cursor-zoom-in:zoom-in;--cursor-zoom-out:zoom-out;--mix-blend-mode-base:normal;--mix-blend-mode-blend:multiply;--background-color-base:#fff;--background-color-base-fixed:#fff;--background-color-neutral:#eaecf0;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive--hover:#dadde3;--background-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-inverted:#101418;--background-color-progressive:#36c;--background-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--background-color-progressive--active:#233566;--background-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#f1f4fd;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#d9e2ff;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#b6d4fb;--background-color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--background-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--background-color-destructive--active:#612419;--background-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-error:#f54739;--background-color-error--hover:#d74032;--background-color-error--active:#bf3c2c;--background-color-error-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-warning-subtle:#fdf2d5;--background-color-success-subtle:#dff2eb;--background-color-notice-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--background-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--background-color-transparent:transparent;--background-color-backdrop-light:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-button-quiet--hover:rgba(0,24,73,0.027);--background-color-button-quiet--active:rgba(0,24,73,0.082);--background-color-input-binary--checked:#36c;--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--hover:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.3);--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--active:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--opacity-icon-base:0.87;--opacity-icon-base--hover:0.74;--opacity-icon-base--selected:1;--opacity-icon-base--disabled:0.51;--opacity-icon-placeholder:0.51;--opacity-icon-subtle:0.67;--min-size-interactive-pointer:32px;--min-size-interactive-touch:44px;--min-size-search-figure:40px;--min-size-icon-x-small:10px;--min-size-icon-small:14px;--min-size-icon-medium:18px;--min-size-input-binary:20px;--min-size-input-chip-clear-button:20px;--min-size-toggle-switch-grip:18px;--min-width-medium:256px;--min-width-breakpoint-mobile:320px;--min-width-breakpoint-tablet:640px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop:1120px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop-wide:1680px;--min-width-toggle-switch:42px;--spacing-0:0;--spacing-6:1px;--spacing-12:2px;--spacing-25:4px;--spacing-30:5px;--spacing-35:6px;--spacing-50:8px;--spacing-65:10px;--spacing-75:12px;--spacing-100:16px;--spacing-125:20px;--spacing-150:24px;--spacing-200:32px;--spacing-250:40px;--spacing-300:48px;--spacing-400:64px;--spacing-half:50%;--spacing-full:100%;--border-width-base:1px;--border-width-thick:2px;--border-width-input-radio--checked:6px;--border-color-base:#a2a9b1;--border-color-emphasized:#202122;--border-color-subtle:#c8ccd1;--border-color-muted:#dadde3;--border-color-interactive:#72777d;--border-color-interactive--hover:#27292d;--border-color-interactive--active:#202122;--border-color-disabled:#c8ccd1;--border-color-inverted:#fff;--border-color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--border-color-progressive:#6485d1;--border-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--border-color-progressive--active:#233566;--border-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--border-color-destructive:#f54739;--border-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-destructive--active:#612419;--border-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--border-color-error:#f54739;--border-color-error--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-error--active:#612419;--border-color-warning:#ab7f2a;--border-color-warning--hover:#735421;--border-color-warning--active:#453217;--border-color-success:#099979;--border-color-notice:#72777d;--border-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--border-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--border-color-transparent:transparent;--border-color-divider:#a2a9b1;--border-radius-base:2px;--border-radius-sharp:0;--border-radius-pill:9999px;--border-radius-circle:50%;--outline-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--min-height-text-area:64px;--min-height-table-header:40px;--min-height-table-footer:40px;--min-height-toggle-switch:28px;--max-height-chip:1.375rem;--color-link:var(--color-progressive);--color-link--hover:var(--color-progressive--hover);--color-link--active:var(--color-progressive--active);--color-link--focus:var(--color-progressive--focus);--color-link--visited:var(--color-visited);--color-link--visited--hover:var(--color-visited--hover);--color-link--visited--active:var(--color-visited--active);--color-link-red:var(--color-destructive);--color-link-red--hover:var(--color-destructive--hover);--color-link-red--active:var(--color-destructive--active);--color-link-red--focus:var(--color-destructive--focus);--color-link-red--visited:var(--color-destructive--visited);--color-link-red--visited--hover:var(--color-destructive--visited--hover);--color-link-red--visited--active:var(--color-destructive--visited--active);--size-icon-x-small:calc(var(--font-size-medium) - 4px);--size-icon-small:var(--font-size-medium);--size-icon-medium:calc(var(--font-size-medium) + 4px);--size-toggle-switch-grip:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--box-shadow-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-top:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-top) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-bottom:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--box-shadow-large:var(--box-shadow-outset-large-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-large-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--accent-color-base:#36c;--position-offset-border-width-base:-var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button:var(--spacing-75) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-icon-only:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small-icon-only:var(--spacing-12) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-large:var(--spacing-100) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-input-text-two-end-icons:calc(var(--spacing-50)*2 + var(--size-icon-small));--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure:var(--spacing-75);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-start:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*0.375);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-end:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--border-color-input--hover:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary--hover:var(--border-color-progressive--hover);--border-color-input-binary--active:var(--border-color-progressive--active);--border-color-input-binary--focus:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);--border-color-input-binary--checked:var(--border-color-progressive);--border-base:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-base);--border-subtle:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-subtle);--border-progressive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-progressive);--border-destructive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-destructive);--border-transparent:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-transparent);--outline-base--focus:var(--border-width-base) solid transparent;--width-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*3);--height-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*2);--spacing-start-typeahead-search-icon:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure)/2 - var(--min-size-icon-medium)/2);--spacing-typeahead-search-focus-addition:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure) - var(--min-size-icon-medium) - var(--spacing-50));--color-base--subtle:#54595d;--box-shadow-drop-xx-large:0 20px 48px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--font-family-sans:\"Helvetica Neue\",\"Helvetica\",\"Liberation Sans\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--line-height-xxx-small:1.4285714rem;--line-height-xx-small:1.5714285rem;--box-shadow-drop-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-drop-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}@media only screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--color-base:#eaecf0;--color-base--hover:#f8f9fa;--color-emphasized:#f8f9fa;--color-subtle:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled:#54595d;--color-disabled-emphasized:#72777d;--color-inverted:#101418;--color-progressive:#88a3e8;--color-progressive--hover:#a6bbf5;--color-progressive--active:#b6d4fb;--color-destructive:#fd7865;--color-destructive--hover:#fea898;--color-destructive--active:#ffc8bd;--color-visited:#a799cd;--color-visited--hover:#c5b9dd;--color-visited--active:#d9d0e9;--color-destructive--visited:#c99391;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#dcb5b3;--color-destructive--visited--active:#e8cecd;--color-error:#fd7865;--color-error--hover:#fea898;--color-error--active:#ffc8bd;--color-warning:#ca982e;--color-success:#2cb491;--color-notice:#a2a9b1;--color-content-added:#80cdb3;--color-content-removed:#fd7865;--color-base--subtle:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-base:#72777d;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#88a3e8;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#a6bbf5;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#b6d4fb;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#000;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);--mix-blend-mode-blend:screen;--background-color-base:#101418;--background-color-neutral:#27292d;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive:#27292d;--background-color-interactive--hover:#404244;--background-color-interactive--active:#54595d;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#27292d;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#404244;--background-color-disabled:#404244;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-inverted:#f8f9fa;--background-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#1b223d;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#233566;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#3056a9;--background-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-error-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-warning-subtle:#2d2212;--background-color-success-subtle:#132821;--background-color-notice-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-content-added:#233566;--background-color-content-removed:#453217;--background-color-backdrop-light:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--border-color-base:#72777d;--border-color-emphasized:#eaecf0;--border-color-subtle:#54595d;--border-color-muted:#404244;--border-color-interactive--hover:#a2a9b1;--border-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--border-color-disabled:#54595d;--border-color-inverted:#101418;--border-color-progressive--hover:#88a3e8;--border-color-progressive--active:#a6bbf5;--border-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-destructive--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-destructive--active:#fea898;--border-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-error--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-error--active:#fea898;--border-color-warning--hover:#ca982e;--border-color-warning--active:#edb537;--border-color-content-added:#233566;--border-color-content-removed:#987027}}:root{--color-print--visited:#520;--ss-pos-top:1rem;--ss-pos-right:1.2rem;--ss-pos-bottom:1.2rem;--ss-width:9.5rem;--ss-height:2.4rem;--ss-select-width:11rem;--ss-select-z-index:1;--ss-button-z-index:2}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-size:62.5%}body{margin:0}details,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:700}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:3.2rem;margin:1.2rem 0}small{font-size:1.3rem}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-.5em}sub{bottom:-.25em}figure{margin:1.6rem 4rem}hr{box-sizing:content-box}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:var(--font-family-monospace--fallback);font-size:1.4rem}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;box-sizing:content-box}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=search]:focus{outline-offset:-2px}fieldset{border:var(--border-base);margin:0 .2rem;padding:.6rem 1rem 1.2rem}legend{padding:0}optgroup{font-weight:700}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}.hidden{display:none!important}.screen-reader-text{display:block;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}body{background-color:var(--background-color-base);color:var(--color-base);font-family:var(--font-family-system-sans);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.5;margin:.4rem 0 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strong{font-size:1.4rem;margin-bottom:4px}.central-featured-lang small{line-height:1.4}}@media (max-width:375px){.central-featured-lang{font-size:1.3rem}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-featured-lang{width:100%}}.search-container{float:none;max-width:95%;width:540px;margin:.4rem auto 1.95rem;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.search-container fieldset{word-spacing:-4px}.search-container button{min-height:4.4rem;margin:0;border-radius:0 var(--border-radius-base) var(--border-radius-base) 0;padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-size:1.6rem;z-index:var(--ss-button-z-index)}.search-container button .svg-search-icon{text-indent:-9999px}.search-container input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-button,.search-container input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}.search-container input::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{display:none}.search-container 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auto;background-size:cover;height:100%;width:7rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.suggestion-title{margin:0 0 .78rem;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.872rem}.suggestion-link.active .suggestion-title{color:var(--color-progressive)}.suggestion-highlight{font-style:normal;text-decoration:underline}.suggestion-description{color:var(--color-placeholder);margin:0;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.43rem}.styled-select{display:none;position:absolute;top:var(--ss-pos-top);bottom:var(--ss-pos-bottom);right:var(--ss-pos-right);max-width:var(--ss-width);height:var(--ss-height);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base)}.styled-select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select .hide-arrow{right:3.2rem;max-width:6.8rem;height:var(--ss-height);overflow:hidden;text-align:right}.styled-select select{background:transparent;display:inline;overflow:hidden;height:var(--ss-height);min-width:var(--ss-select-width);max-width:var(--ss-select-width);width:var(--ss-select-width);box-sizing:border-box;border:0;line-height:var(--ss-height);-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:window;text-indent:.01px;text-overflow:\"\";opacity:0;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;cursor:pointer}.styled-select.no-js{width:var(--ss-width)}.styled-select.no-js select{opacity:1;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem;color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.no-js .hide-arrow{width:6.8rem}.search-container .styled-select.no-js .js-langpicker-label{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled .hide-arrow{padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem}.styled-select.js-enabled select{background:transparent;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;z-index:var(--ss-select-z-index);width:100%;border:0;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem;color:transparent;color:hsla(0,0%,100%,0)}.styled-select.js-enabled select option{color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.js-enabled select:hover{background-color:transparent}.styled-select-active-helper{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled select:focus+.styled-select-active-helper{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:0;width:100%;height:100%;outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}.search-container .js-langpicker-label{display:inline-block;margin:0;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.3rem;line-height:var(--ss-height);text-transform:uppercase}.styled-select select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select select:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);box-shadow:none}@-moz-document url-prefix(){.styled-select 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small:after{content:\"\\2022\";display:inline-block;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:inherit;margin-left:.8rem;margin-right:.5rem}.site-license small:last-child:after{display:none}.footer hr{margin-top:1.28rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.footer{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding-top:1.28rem}.footer .footer-sidebar{order:1}.footer .other-projects{order:2}.footer .app-badges{order:3}.footer hr{order:4}.footer .site-license{order:5}.footer-sidebar{width:100%}.sprite.footer-sidebar-icon{display:block;position:relative;left:0;margin:0 auto 1.28rem}.footer-sidebar-content{max-width:none}.footer-sidebar-text{margin:0;padding:0;text-align:center}}@media screen and (max-width:480px){.footer{padding:.96rem .64rem 1.28rem}}@media (max-width:480px){.search-container{margin-top:0;height:7.8rem;position:absolute;top:9.6rem;left:0;right:0;max-width:100%;width:auto;padding:0;text-align:left}.search-container label{display:none}.search-form 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4px)}.cdx-icon--small{min-width:14px;min-height:14px;width:var(--font-size-medium,1rem);height:var(--font-size-medium,1rem)}.cdx-icon--medium{min-width:18px;min-height:18px;width:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) + 4px);height:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) + 4px)}.cdx-icon--flipped svg{transform:scaleX(-1)}.wikipedia25-videologo{visibility:hidden;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin-top:0}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-videologo{visibility:visible;height:auto;overflow:visible;margin-top:2rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .central-textlogo:not(.wikipedia25-videologo){display:none}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-videologo{height:17.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .search-container{top:20rem}}.wikipedia25-slogan{display:block;margin:.6rem 0 .5rem;padding:0 .8rem 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(max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{top:8.6rem;left:calc(50% - 1.2rem)}}.wikipedia25-cta-container{display:none;text-align:center;margin:.96rem 0 2.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{display:block}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{margin:0 0 2.4rem}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);white-space:normal}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);background-color:#ffe49c}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);color:var(--color-progressive--hover)}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive--active);color:var(--color-progressive--active)}.wikipedia25-cta-description{max-width:45rem;margin:1.2rem auto 0;font-size:1.2rem;line-height:2rem;text-align:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-content{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);display:flex;justify-content:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-text{padding:.8rem 2rem;width:100%;max-width:350px;text-align:start;--font-size-medium:1.6rem}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .cdx-toggle-switch__label{font-size:1.3rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.footer .wikipedia25-footer-sidebar{order:3}}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog-backdrop{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;--line-height-medium:2.6rem;--font-size-x-large:2rem;--line-height-x-large:3rem}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog{width:calc(100% - 2rem);height:unset;max-width:32rem;max-height:calc(100vh - 2.5rem);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),0 0 16px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}\n</style>\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org\">\n<link rel=\"me\" href=\"https://wikis.world/@wikipedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"\">\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\">\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org\"></head>\n<body id=\"www-wikipedia-org\" class=\" jsl10n-visible\">\n<main>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo\">\n<img class=\"central-featured-logo\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2.png\" srcset=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@1.5x.png 1.5x, portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@2x.png 2x\" width=\"200\" height=\"183\" alt=\"\">\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n localized-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.slogan\">The Free Encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo wikipedia25-videologo\">\n<video id=\"wikipedia25-video\" class=\"wikipedia25-video\" data-idle-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm\" data-idle-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm\" data-click-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-light.webm\" data-click-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-dark.webm\" data-poster-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp\" data-poster-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" muted=\"\" playsinline=\"\" poster=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm\">\n</video>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-play-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--framed jsl10n wikipedia25-play-button\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.play-button-text\" aria-label=\"Play\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--small\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g><path d=\"M4.55 19A1 1 0 013 18.13V1.87A1 1 0 014.55 1l12.2 8.13a1 1 0 010 1.7z\"></path></g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n wikipedia25-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.slogan\">25 years of the free encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"top-ten-nav-label\" aria-label=\"Top languages\" class=\"central-featured\" data-el-section=\"primary links\">\n<!-- #1. en.wikipedia.org - 1,662,960,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang1\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-en\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"English \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 The Free Encyclopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"The Free Encyclopedia\">\n<strong>English</strong>\n<small>7,141,000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #2. ja.wikipedia.org - 205,252,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang2\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ja\" href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Nihongo \u2014 \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2 \u2014 \u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\">\n<strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</strong>\n<small>1,491,000+ <span>\u8a18\u4e8b</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #3. de.wikipedia.org - 173,570,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang3\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-de\" href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Deutsch \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\">\n<strong>Deutsch</strong>\n<small>3.099.000+ <span>Artikel</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #4. ru.wikipedia.org - 154,560,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang4\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ru\" href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Russkiy \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\">\n<strong>\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</strong>\n<small>2 087 000+ <span>\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #5. fr.wikipedia.org - 147,379,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang5\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-fr\" href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Fran\u00e7ais \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\">\n<strong>Fran\u00e7ais</strong>\n<small>2\u202f740\u202f000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #6. es.wikipedia.org - 125,656,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang6\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-es\" href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 La enciclopedia libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"La enciclopedia libre\">\n<strong>Espa\u00f1ol</strong>\n<small>2.095.000+ <span>art\u00edculos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #7. it.wikipedia.org - 91,026,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang7\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-it\" href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Italiano \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 L'enciclopedia libera\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L'enciclopedia libera\">\n<strong>Italiano</strong>\n<small>1.957.000+ <span>voci</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #8. zh.wikipedia.org - 84,039,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang8\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-zh\" href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n \u2014 \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 / \u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 \u2014 \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\" class=\"link-box localize-variant\" data-slogan=\"\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\">\n<strong>\u4e2d\u6587</strong>\n<small>1,524,000+ <span>\u6761\u76ee / \u689d\u76ee</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #9. pt.wikipedia.org - 46,289,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang9\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pt\" href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Portugu\u00eas \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\">\n<strong>Portugu\u00eas</strong>\n<small>1.165.000+ <span>artigos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #10. pl.wikipedia.org - 46,221,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang10\" lang=\"pl\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pl\" href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Polski \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Wolna encyklopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Wolna encyklopedia\">\n<strong>Polski</strong>\n<small>1 685 000+ <span>hase\u0142</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-container\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-cta-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-text\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</button>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-description jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-description\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-modal-container\">\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-backdrop\" class=\"cdx-dialog-backdrop hidden\">\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-start\"></div>\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog\" class=\"cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--vertical-actions\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" aria-modal=\"true\">\n<header class=\"cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title-group\">\n<h2 id=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.title\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</h2>\n</div>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-close-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button jsl10n\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.close-button-text\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g>\n<path d=\"m4.34 2.93 12.73 12.73-1.41 1.41L2.93 4.35z\"></path>\n<path d=\"M17.07 4.34 4.34 17.07l-1.41-1.41L15.66 2.93z\"></path>\n</g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n</header>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog-focus-trap\" tabindex=\"-1\"></div>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__body cdx-scrollable-container jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.text\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n<footer class=\"cdx-dialog__footer cdx-dialog__footer--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__footer__actions\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-primary-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.primary-button-text\">\nLearn more\n</button>\n</div>\n</footer>\n</div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-end\"></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div role=\"search\" class=\"search-container\">\n<form class=\"pure-form\" id=\"search-form\" action=\"//www.wikipedia.org/search-redirect.php\" data-el-section=\"search\">\n<fieldset>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"family\" value=\"wikipedia\">\n<div class=\"search-input\" id=\"search-input\">\n<label for=\"searchInput\" class=\"screen-reader-text\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.search-input-label\">Search Wikipedia</label>\n<input id=\"searchInput\" name=\"search\" type=\"search\" size=\"20\" autofocus=\"autofocus\" accesskey=\"F\" dir=\"auto\" autocomplete=\"off\" style=\"padding-right: 64px;\">\n<div class=\" styled-select js-enabled\">\n<div class=\"hide-arrow\">\n<label for=\"searchLanguage\" id=\"jsLangLabel\" class=\"js-langpicker-label\">en</label><select id=\"searchLanguage\" name=\"language\">\n<option value=\"af\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</option>\n<option value=\"sq\" lang=\"sq\">Shqip</option><!-- Anglisht -->\n<option value=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</option><!-- Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah -->\n<option value=\"ast\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</option>\n<option value=\"az\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</option>\n<option value=\"bg\" lang=\"bg\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- B\u01celgarski -->\n<option value=\"nan\" lang=\"nan\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</option><!-- B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa -->\n<option value=\"bn\" lang=\"bn\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</option><!-- Bangla -->\n<option value=\"be\" lang=\"be\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</option><!-- Belaruskaya -->\n<option value=\"ca\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</option>\n<option value=\"cs\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</option>\n<option value=\"cy\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</option>\n<option value=\"da\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</option>\n<option value=\"de\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</option>\n<option value=\"et\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</option>\n<option value=\"el\" lang=\"el\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</option><!-- Ell\u012bnik\u00e1 -->\n<option value=\"en\" lang=\"en\" selected=\"selected\">English</option><!-- English -->\n<option value=\"es\" lang=\"es\">Espa\u00f1ol</option><!-- Espa\u00f1ol -->\n<option value=\"eo\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</option>\n<option value=\"eu\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</option>\n<option value=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</option><!-- F\u0101rsi -->\n<option value=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</option>\n<option value=\"gl\" lang=\"gl\">Galego</option><!-- Galego -->\n<option value=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</option><!-- Hangugeo -->\n<option value=\"hy\" lang=\"hy\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</option><!-- Hayeren -->\n<option value=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</option><!-- Hind\u012b -->\n<option value=\"hr\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</option>\n<option value=\"id\" lang=\"id\">Bahasa Indonesia</option><!-- Bahasa Inggris -->\n<option value=\"it\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</option>\n<option value=\"he\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</option><!-- Ivrit -->\n<option value=\"ka\" lang=\"ka\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</option><!-- Kartuli -->\n<option value=\"lld\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</option>\n<option value=\"la\" lang=\"la\">Latina</option>\n<option value=\"lv\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</option>\n<option value=\"lt\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</option>\n<option value=\"hu\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</option>\n<option value=\"mk\" lang=\"mk\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- Makedonski -->\n<option value=\"mg\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</option>\n<option value=\"mr\" lang=\"mr\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</option><!-- Marathi -->\n<option value=\"arz\" lang=\"arz\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</option><!-- Ma\u1e63r\u012b -->\n<option value=\"ms\" lang=\"ms\">Bahasa Melayu</option><!-- Bahasa Melayu -->\n<option value=\"min\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</option>\n<option value=\"my\" lang=\"my\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</option><!-- Myanmarsar -->\n<option value=\"nl\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</option>\n<option value=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</option><!-- Nihongo -->\n<option value=\"no\" lang=\"nb\">Norsk (bokm\u00e5l)</option>\n<option value=\"nn\" lang=\"nn\">Norsk (nynorsk)</option>\n<option value=\"ce\" lang=\"ce\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</option><!-- Nox\u00e7iyn -->\n<option value=\"uz\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</option>\n<option value=\"pl\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</option>\n<option value=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</option>\n<option value=\"kk\" lang=\"kk\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430 / Qazaq\u015fa / \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</option>\n<option value=\"ro\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</option>\n<option value=\"simple\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</option>\n<option value=\"ceb\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</option>\n<option value=\"sk\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</option>\n<option value=\"sl\" lang=\"sl\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</option><!-- Sloven\u0161\u010dina -->\n<option value=\"sr\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</option>\n<option value=\"sh\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</option>\n<option value=\"fi\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</option>\n<option value=\"sv\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</option>\n<option value=\"sw\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</option>\n<option value=\"ta\" lang=\"ta\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</option><!-- Tami\u1e3b -->\n<option value=\"tt\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</option>\n<option value=\"te\" lang=\"te\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</option><!-- Telugu -->\n<option value=\"th\" lang=\"th\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</option><!-- Phasa Thai -->\n<option value=\"tg\" lang=\"tg\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</option><!-- Tojik\u012b -->\n<option value=\"azb\" lang=\"azb\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</option><!-- T\u00fcrkce -->\n<option value=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</option><!-- T\u00fcrk\u00e7e -->\n<option value=\"uk\" lang=\"uk\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</option><!-- Ukrayins\u2019ka -->\n<option value=\"ur\" lang=\"ur\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</option><!-- Urdu -->\n<option value=\"vi\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</option>\n<option value=\"war\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</option>\n<option value=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\u6587</option><!-- Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n -->\n<option value=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</option><!-- Russkiy -->\n<option value=\"yue\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</option>\n</select>\n<div class=\"styled-select-active-helper\"></div>\n</div>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down\"></i>\n</div>\n<div id=\"typeahead-suggestions\"></div></div>\n<button class=\"pure-button pure-button-primary-progressive\" type=\"submit\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-search-icon\" data-jsl10n=\"search-input-button\">Search</i>\n</button>\n<input type=\"hidden\" value=\"Go\" name=\"go\">\n</fieldset>\n</form>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"all-languages-nav-label\" aria-label=\"All languages\">\n<div class=\"lang-list-button-wrapper\">\n<button id=\"js-lang-list-button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-button\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-language-icon\"></i>\n<span class=\"lang-list-button-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.language-button-text\">Read Wikipedia in your language </span>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down-blue\"></i>\n</button>\n</div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-border\"></div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-container\">\n<div id=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-content\">\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ar\" title=\"Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\" title=\"English\">English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"es\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol\">Espa\u00f1ol</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fa\" title=\"F\u0101rsi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arz\" title=\"Ma\u1e63r\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ja\" title=\"Nihongo\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ceb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uk\" title=\"Ukrayins\u2019ka\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//war.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zh\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n\">\u4e2d\u6587</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ru\" title=\"Russkiy\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//af.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sq\" title=\"Anglisht\">Shqip</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ast.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//az.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bg\" title=\"B\u01celgarski\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nan\" title=\"B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bn\" title=\"Bangla\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be\" title=\"Belaruskaya\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ca.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//da.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//et.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//el.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"el\" title=\"Ell\u012bnik\u00e1\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gl\" title=\"Galego\">Galego</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ko.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ko\" title=\"Hangugeo\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hy\" title=\"Hayeren\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hi\" title=\"Hind\u012b\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//id.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"id\" title=\"Bahasa Inggris\">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//he.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"he\" title=\"Ivrit\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ka.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ka\" title=\"Kartuli\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lld.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//la.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"la\">Latina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mk\" title=\"Makedonski\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mr\" title=\"Marathi\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ms\" title=\"Bahasa Melayu\">Bahasa Melayu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//min.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//my.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"my\" title=\"Myanmarsar\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</a></li>\n<li lang=\"no\">Norsk<ul><li><a href=\"//no.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nb\">bokm\u00e5l</a></li><li><a href=\"//nn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nn\">nynorsk</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ce.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ce\" title=\"Nox\u00e7iyn\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kk\"><span lang=\"kk-Cyrl\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430</span> / <span lang=\"kk-Latn\">Qazaq\u015fa</span> / <bdi lang=\"kk-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//simple.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sl\" title=\"Sloven\u0161\u010dina\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ta.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ta\" title=\"Tami\u1e3b\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//te.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"te\" title=\"Telugu\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//th.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"th\" title=\"Phasa Thai\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tg\" title=\"Tojik\u012b\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//azb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"azb\" title=\"T\u00fcrkce\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tr\" title=\"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ur\" title=\"Urdu\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-yue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n10,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ace.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ace\">Bahsa Ac\u00e8h</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//als.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gsw\">Alemannisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//am.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"am\" title=\"\u0100mari\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\">\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//an.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"an\">Aragon\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hyw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hyw\" title=\"Arevmdahayeren\">\u0531\u0580\u0565\u0582\u0574\u057f\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0567\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gor.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gor\">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ban.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ban\" title=\"Basa Bali\">Basa Bali</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bjn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bjn\">Bahasa Banjar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//map-bms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"map-x-bms\">Basa Banyumasan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ba\" title=\"Ba\u015fqortsa\">\u0411\u0430\u0448\u04a1\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0441\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be-tarask.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be-tarask\" title=\"Bielaruskaja (tara\u0161kievica)\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f (\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0446\u0430)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bcl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bcl\">Bikol Central</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bpy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bpy\" title=\"Bishnupriya Manipuri\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ae\u09a3\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bar\">Boarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bs\">Bosanski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//br.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"br\">Brezhoneg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cv\" title=\"\u010c\u0103va\u0161la\">\u0427\u04d1\u0432\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dag\">Dagbanli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ary.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ary\" title=\"Darija\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nv\">Din\u00e9 Bizaad</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-eml\">Emigli\u00e0n\u2013Rumagn\u00f2l</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hif.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hif\">Fiji Hindi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fo\">F\u00f8royskt</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fy\">Frysk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ff.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ff\">Fulfulde</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ga\">Gaeilge</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gd\">G\u00e0idhlig</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//glk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"glk\" title=\"Gil\u0259ki\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06af\u06cc\u0644\u06a9\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gu\" title=\"Gujarati\">\u0a97\u0ac1\u0a9c\u0ab0\u0abe\u0aa4\u0ac0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hak.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hak\">Hak-k\u00e2-ng\u00ee / \u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ha.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ha\">Hausa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hsb\">Hornjoserbsce</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//io.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"io\">Ido</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ig.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ig\">Igbo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ilo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ilo\">Ilokano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ia\">Interlingua</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ie.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ie\">Interlingue</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//os.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"os\" title=\"Iron\">\u0418\u0440\u043e\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//is.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"is\">\u00cdslenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jv\">Jawa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kn\" title=\"Kannada\">\u0c95\u0ca8\u0ccd\u0ca8\u0ca1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pam\">Kapampangan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//km.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"km\" title=\"Ph\u00e9asa Khm\u00e9r\">\u1797\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1781\u17d2\u1798\u17c2\u179a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//avk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"avk\">Kotava</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ht.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ht\">Krey\u00f2l Ayisyen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ku.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ku\"><span lang=\"ku-Latn\">Kurd\u00ee</span> / <bdi lang=\"ku-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ckb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ckb\" title=\"Kurd\u00eey Nawend\u00ee\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ky.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ky\" title=\"Kyrgyz\u010da\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u0433\u044b\u0437\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mrj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mjr\" title=\"Kyryk Mary\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u044b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lb\">L\u00ebtzebuergesch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lij.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lij\">L\u00ecgure</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//li.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"li\">Limburgs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lmo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lmo\">Lombard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mai.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mai\" title=\"Maithil\u012b\">\u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ml\" title=\"Malayalam\">\u0d2e\u0d32\u0d2f\u0d3e\u0d33\u0d02</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xmf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xmf\" title=\"Margaluri\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mzn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mzn\" title=\"M\u00e4zeruni\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cdo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cdo\" title=\"Ming-deng-ngu\">M\u00ecng-d\u0115\u0324ng-ng\u1e73\u0304 / \u95a9\u6771\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mn\" title=\"Mongol\">\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nap\">Napulitano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//new.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"new\" title=\"Nepal Bhasa\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frr\">Nordfriisk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//oc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"oc\">Occitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mhr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mhr\" title=\"Olyk Marij\">\u041e\u043b\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//or.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"or\" title=\"O\u1e5bi\u0101\">\u0b13\u0b21\u0b3f\u0b3c\u0b06</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//as.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"as\" title=\"\u00d4x\u00f4miya\">\u0985\u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u09af\u09be\u09bc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pa\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Gurmukh\u012b)\">\u0a2a\u0a70\u0a1c\u0a3e\u0a2c\u0a40</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnb\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Sh\u0101hmukh\u012b)\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628\u06cc (\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0645\u06a9\u06be\u06cc)</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ps.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ps\" title=\"Pa\u0282to\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pms\">Piemont\u00e8is</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds\">Plattd\u00fc\u00fctsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaa\">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//crh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"crh\">Q\u0131r\u0131mtatarca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//qu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"qu\">Runa Simi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rue\" title=\"Rusin\u2019skyj\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044b\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sa\" title=\"Sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam\">\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u092e\u094d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sat\" title=\"Santali\">\u1c65\u1c5f\u1c71\u1c5b\u1c5f\u1c72\u1c64</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//skr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"skr\" title=\"Saraiki\">\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sah\" title=\"Saxa Tyla\">\u0421\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u0422\u044b\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sco.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sco\">Scots</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sn\">ChiShona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//scn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"scn\">Sicilianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//si.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"si\" title=\"Si\u1e43hala\">\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0d82\u0dc4\u0dbd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sd\" title=\"Sindh\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0646\u068c\u064a</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szl\">\u015al\u016fnski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//so.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"so\">Soomaaliga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//su.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"su\">Basa Sunda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shi\">Tacl\u1e25it</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tl\">Tagalog</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shn\">\u107d\u1083\u1087\u101e\u1083\u1087\u1010\u1086\u1038</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zgh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zgh\" title=\"Tamazight tanawayt\">\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d61\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tly.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tly\">tol\u0131\u015fi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tum.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tum\">chiTumbuka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bug\">Basa Ugi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vec.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vec\">V\u00e8neto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vo\">Volap\u00fck</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wa\">Walon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-classical.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lzh\" title=\"W\u00e9ny\u00e1n\">\u6587\u8a00</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wuu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wuu\" title=\"W\u00fay\u01d4\">\u5434\u8bed</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yi\" title=\"Yidi\u0161\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05d9\u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05d9\u05e9</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yo\">Yor\u00f9b\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//diq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"diq\">Zazaki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bat-smg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sgs\">\u017demait\u0117\u0161ka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zu\">isiZulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ne.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ne\" title=\"Nep\u0101l\u012b\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mni.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mni\">\uabc3\uabe4\uabc7\uabe9 \uabc2\uabe3\uabdf</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//lad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lad\"><span lang=\"lad-Latn\">Dzhudezmo</span> / <bdi lang=\"lad-Hebr\" dir=\"rtl\">\u05dc\u05d0\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbd\" title=\"Adighabze\">\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ang.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ang\">\u00c6nglisc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//smn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"smn\" title=\"Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2\">Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//anp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"anp\" title=\"Angika\">\u0905\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ab\" title=\"A\u1e57sshwa\">\u0410\u0525\u0441\u0448\u04d9\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-rup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rup\">arm\u00e3neashti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frp\">Arpitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//atj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"atj\">atikamekw</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arc\" title=\"\u0100t\u00fbr\u0101y\u00e2\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0710\u072c\u0718\u072a\u071d\u0710</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gn\">Ava\u00f1e\u2019\u1ebd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//av.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"av\" title=\"Avar\">\u0410\u0432\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ay\">Aymar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bbc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bbc\">Batak Toba</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bew.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bew\">Betawi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bh\" title=\"Bh\u014djapur\u012b\">\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bi\">Bislama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bo\" title=\"Bod Skad\">\u0f56\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f42</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bxr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bxr\" title=\"Buryad\">\u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0430\u0434</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cbk-x-zam\">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ny.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ny\">Chichewa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//co.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"co\">Corsu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//za.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"za\">Vahcuengh / \u8a71\u50ee</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dga\">Dagaare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//se.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"se\" title=\"Davvis\u00e1megiella\">Davvis\u00e1megiella</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pdc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pdc\">Deitsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dv\" title=\"Divehi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u078b\u07a8\u0788\u07ac\u0780\u07a8\u0784\u07a6\u0790\u07b0</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dsb\">Dolnoserbski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//myv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"myv\" title=\"Erzjanj\">\u042d\u0440\u0437\u044f\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ext.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ext\">Estreme\u00f1u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ee.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ee\">E\u028begbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gur\">Farefare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fon.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fon\">F\u0254\u0300ngb\u00e8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fur\">Furlan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gv\">Gaelg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gag\">Gagauz</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//inh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"inh\" title=\"Ghalghai\">\u0413\u04c0\u0430\u043b\u0433\u04c0\u0430\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gpe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gpe\">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ki\">G\u0129k\u0169y\u0169</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gan\" title=\"Gon ua\" data-hans=\"\u8d63\u8bed\" data-hant=\"\u8d1b\u8a9e\" class=\"jscnconv\">\u8d63\u8bed / \u8d1b\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guw\">Gungbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//got.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"got\" title=\"Gutisk\">\ud800\udf32\ud800\udf3f\ud800\udf44\ud800\udf39\ud800\udf43\ud800\udf3a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xal.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xal\" title=\"Hal\u02b9mg\">\u0425\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//haw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"haw\">\u02bb\u014clelo Hawai\u02bbi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rw\">Ikinyarwanda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iba\">Jaku Iban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbp\">Kab\u0269y\u025b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dtp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dtp\">Kadazandusun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//knc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"knc\">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//csb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"csb\">Kasz\u00ebbsczi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kw\">Kernewek</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kv\" title=\"Komi\">\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//koi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"koi\" title=\"Perem Komi\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kg\">Kongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gom.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gom\">\u0915\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0923\u0940 / Konknni</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ks.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ks\" title=\"Koshur\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0672\u0634\u064f\u0631</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gcr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gcr\">Kriy\u00f2l Gwiyannen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kge.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kge\">Kumoring</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kus.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kus\">K\u028bsaal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lo\" title=\"Phaasaa Laao\">\u0e9e\u0eb2\u0eaa\u0eb2\u0ea5\u0eb2\u0ea7</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lbe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lbe\" title=\"Lakku\">\u041b\u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ltg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ltg\">Latga\u013cu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lez.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lez\" title=\"Lezgi\">\u041b\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nia\">Li Niha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ln.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ln\">Ling\u00e1la</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lfn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lfn\">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//olo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"olo\">livvinkarjala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jbo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jbo\">lojban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lg\">Luganda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mad\">Madhur\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mt\">Malti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//btm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"btm\">Mandailing</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mi\">M\u0101ori</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fat\">Mfantse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mwl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mwl\">Mirand\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mdf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mdf\" title=\"Mok\u0161enj\">\u041c\u043e\u043a\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mnw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mnw\">\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1019\u1014\u103a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mos.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mos\">Moore</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nqo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nqo\" title=\"N'Ko\">\u07d2\u07de\u07cf</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fj\">Na Vosa Vaka-Viti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nah\">N\u0101huatlaht\u014dlli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcm\">Naij\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds-nl\">Nedersaksisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nrm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-nrm\">Nouormand / Normaund</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nov.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nov\">Novial</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//om.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"om\">Afaan Oromoo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//blk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"blk\">\u1015\u1021\u102d\u102f\u101d\u103a\u108f\u1018\u102c\u108f\u101e\u102c\u108f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pag\">Pangasin\u00e1n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ami.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ami\">Pangcah</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pap\">Papiamentu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jam\">Patois</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pfl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pfl\">Pf\u00e4lzisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcd\">Picard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//krc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"krc\" title=\"Qara\u00e7ay\u2013Malqar\">\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u2013\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ksh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ksh\">Ripoarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rm\">Rumantsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rsk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rsk\" title=\"Ruski\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szy\">Sakizaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sm\">Gagana S\u0101moa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sc\">Sardu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//trv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"trv\">Seediq</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//stq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"stq\">Seeltersk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//st.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"st\">Sesotho</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nso.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nso\">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tn\">Setswana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//syl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"syl\" title=\"Sil\u00f4\u1e6di\">\ua80d\ua824\ua81f\ua810\ua824</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cu\" title=\"Slov\u011bn\u012dsk\u016d\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0463\u0301\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044a / \u2c14\u2c0e\u2c11\u2c02\u2c21\u2c10\u2c20\u2c14\u2c0d\u2c1f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//srn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"srn\">Sranantongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ss.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ss\">SiSwati</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ty\">Reo tahiti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kab\" title=\"Taqbaylit\">Taqbaylit</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-tara.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa\">Tarand\u00edne</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tay\">Tayal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tet.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tet\">Tetun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tpi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tpi\">Tok Pisin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tok.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tok\" title=\"toki pona\">toki pona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//to.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"to\">faka Tonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tk\">T\u00fcrkmen\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tw\">Twi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kcg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kcg\">Tyap</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tyv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tyv\" title=\"Tyva dyl\">\u0422\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u044b\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//udm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"udm\" title=\"Udmurt\">\u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ug\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0626\u06c7\u064a\u063a\u06c7\u0631\u0686\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vep.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vep\">Veps\u00e4n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vro\">v\u00f5ro</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vls.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vls\">West-Vlams</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wo\">Wolof</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xh\">isiXhosa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zea.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zea\">Ze\u00eauws</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//alt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"alt\">\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//awa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"awa\">\u0905\u0935\u0927\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dty\">\u0921\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tcy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tcy\">\u0ca4\u0cc1\u0cb3\u0cc1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rki\">\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-tiny hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//bdr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bdr\">Bajau Sama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bm\">Bamanankan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ch.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ch\">Chamoru</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dz\" title=\"Rdzong-Kha\">\u0f62\u0fab\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//igl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"igl\">Igala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iu\">\u1403\u14c4\u1483\u144e\u1450\u1466 / Inuktitut</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ik.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ik\">I\u00f1upiak</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nr\" title=\"isiNdebele seSewula\">isiNdebele seSewula</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaj\">Jju</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ppl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ppl\">Nawat</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nup\">Nupe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ann.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ann\">Obolo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pi\" title=\"P\u0101\u1e37i\">\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pwn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pwn\">pinayuanan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnt\" title=\"Pontiak\u00e1\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rmy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rmy\">Romani \u010dhib</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rn\">Ikirundi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sg\">S\u00e4ng\u00f6</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tdd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tdd\" title=\"Tai ta\u026f xo\u014b\">\u1956\u196d\u1970\u1956\u196c\u1973\u1951\u1968\u1952\u1970</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ti.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ti\" title=\"T\u0259g\u0259r\u0259\u00f1a\">\u1275\u130d\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//din.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"din\">Thu\u0254\u014bj\u00e4\u014b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chr\" title=\"Tsalagi\">\u13e3\u13b3\u13a9</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chy\">Ts\u0117hesen\u0117stsestotse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ts.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ts\">Xitsonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ve.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ve\">Tshiven\u1e13a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guc\">Wayuunaiki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ady.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ady\">\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-others hlist\" data-el-section=\"other languages\">\n<a class=\"jsl10n\" href=\"https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/List_of_Wikipedias\" lang=\"\" data-jsl10n=\"other-languages-label\">Other languages</a>\n</div></div>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<hr>\n</main>\n<footer class=\"footer\" data-el-section=\"other projects\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-Wikimedia-logo_black\">\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.footer-description\">\nWikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization 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official Wikipedia app.\n</p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"app-badge app-badge-android\">\n<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer\" href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia&referrer=utm_source%3Dportal%26utm_medium%3Dbutton%26anid%3Dadmob\">\n<span class=\"jsl10n sprite svg-badge_google_play_store\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.app-links.google-store\">Google Play Store</span>\n</a>\n</li>\n<li class=\"app-badge app-badge-ios\">\n<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer\" href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/app/apple-store/id324715238?pt=208305&ct=portal&mt=8\">\n<span class=\"jsl10n sprite svg-badge_ios_app_store\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.app-links.apple-store\">Apple App Store</span>\n</a>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar wikipedia25-footer-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text\">\n<span class=\"cdx-toggle-switch cdx-toggle-switch--align-switch\">\n<input id=\"wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch\" class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__input\" type=\"checkbox\">\n<span class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__switch\">\n<span class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__switch__grip\"></span>\n</span>\n<div class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__label cdx-label\">\n<label class=\"cdx-label__label jsl10n\" for=\"wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.birthday-mode-toggle-text\">\nBirthday mode\n</label>\n</div>\n</span>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"other-projects-nav-label\" aria-label=\"Other projects\" class=\"other-projects\">\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//commons.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Commons-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"commons.name\">Commons</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"commons.slogan\">Free media collection</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikivoyage.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikivoyage-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikivoyage.name\">Wikivoyage</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikivoyage.slogan\">Free travel guide</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wiktionary.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wiktionary-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wiktionary.name\">Wiktionary</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wiktionary.slogan\">Free dictionary</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikibooks.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikibooks-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikibooks.name\">Wikibooks</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikibooks.slogan\">Free textbooks</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikinews.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikinews-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikinews.name\">Wikinews</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikinews.slogan\">Free news source</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikidata.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikidata-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikidata.name\">Wikidata</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikidata.slogan\">Free knowledge base</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikiversity.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikiversity-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiversity.name\">Wikiversity</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiversity.slogan\">Free learning resources</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikiquote.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikiquote-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiquote.name\">Wikiquote</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiquote.slogan\">Free quote compendium</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.mediawiki.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"mediawiki.name\">MediaWiki</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"mediawiki.slogan\">Free & open wiki software</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikisource.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikisource-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikisource.name\">Wikisource</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikisource.slogan\">Free content library</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//species.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikispecies.name\">Wikispecies</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikispecies.slogan\">Free species directory</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikifunctions.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikifunctions-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikifunctions.name\">Wikifunctions</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikifunctions.slogan\">Free function library</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//meta.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Meta-Wiki-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"metawiki.name\">Meta-Wiki</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"metawiki.slogan\">Community coordination & documentation</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<hr>\n<p class=\"site-license\">\n<small class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"license\">This page is available under the <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a></small>\n<small class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"terms\"><a href=\"https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use\">Terms of Use</a></small>\n<small class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"privacy-policy\"><a href=\"https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy\">Privacy Policy</a></small>\n</p>\n</footer>\n<script>\nvar rtlLangs = ['ar','arc','ary','arz','bcc','bgn','bqi','ckb','dv','fa','glk','he','kk-cn','kk-arab','khw','ks','ku-arab','lki','luz','mzn','nqo','pnb','ps','sd','sdh','skr','ug','ur','yi'],\n translationsHash = 'dc36d003',\n /**\n * This variable is used to convert the generic \"portal\" keyword in the data-jsl10n attributes\n * e.g. 'data-jsl10n=\"portal.footer-description\"' into a portal-specific key, e.g. \"wiki\"\n * for the Wikipedia portal.\n */\n translationsPortalKey = 'wiki';\n /**\n * The wm-typeahead.js feature is used for search,and it uses domain name for searching. We want domain\n * name to be portal Specific (different for every portal).So by declaring variable 'portalSearchDomain'\n * in index.handlebars we will make this portal Specific.\n **/\n portalSearchDomain = 'wikipedia.org'\n /*\n This object is used by l10n scripts (page-localized.js, topten-localized.js)\n to reveal the page content after l10n json is loaded.\n A timer is also set to prevent JS from hiding page content indefinitelty.\n This script is inlined to safeguard againt script loading errors and placed\n at the top of the page to safeguard against any HTML loading/parsing errors.\n */\n wmL10nVisible = {\n ready: false,\n makeVisible: function(){\n if ( !wmL10nVisible.ready ) {\n wmL10nVisible.ready = true;\n document.body.className += ' jsl10n-visible';\n }\n }\n };\n window.setTimeout( wmL10nVisible.makeVisible, 1000 )\n</script>\n<script src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/js/index-90de98612a.js\"></script>\n<script src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/js/gt-ie9-507b16b6be.js\"></script>\n<style>\n.styled-select {\n display: block;\n }\n</style>\n\n\n</body></html>",
"cookies": null,
"errors": null,
"final_url": "https://www.wikipedia.org/",
"headers": {},
"id": null,
"scraper_data": null,
"scraperouter": null,
"screenshot_url": null,
"status_code": 200
}Page Title
Wikipedia
# Wikipedia **The Free Encyclopedia** # Wikipedia **25 years of the free encyclopedia** [ **English** 7,141,000+ articles ](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English — Wikipedia — The Free Encyclopedia") [ **日本語** 1,491,000+ 記事 ](//ja.wikipedia.org/ "Nihongo — ウィキペディア — フリー百科事典") [ **Deutsch** 3.099.000+ Artikel ](//de.wikipedia.org/ "Deutsch — Wikipedia — Die freie Enzyklopädie") [ **Русский** 2 087 000+ статей ](//ru.wikipedia.org/ "Russkiy — Википедия — Свободная энциклопедия") [ **Français** 2 740 000+ articles ](//fr.wikipedia.org/ "Français — Wikipédia — L’encyclopédie libre") [ **Español** 2.095.000+ artículos ](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español — Wikipedia — La enciclopedia libre") [ **Italiano** 1.957.000+ voci ](//it.wikipedia.org/ "Italiano — Wikipedia — L'enciclopedia libera") [ **中文** 1,524,000+ 条目 / 條目 ](//zh.wikipedia.org/ "Zhōngwén — 维基百科 / 維基百科 — 自由的百科全书 / 自由的百科全書") [ **Português** 1.165.000+ artigos ](//pt.wikipedia.org/ "Português — Wikipédia — A Enciclopédia Livre") [ **Polski** 1 685 000+ haseł ](//pl.wikipedia.org/ "Polski — Wikipedia — Wolna encyklopedia") Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! ## Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! Learn more Search Wikipedia en Afrikaans Shqip العربية Asturianu Azərbaycanca Български 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú বাংলা Беларуская Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά English Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Ladin Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски Malagasy मराठी مصرى Bahasa Melayu Bahaso Minangkabau မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本語 Norsk (bokmål) Norsk (nynorsk) Нохчийн Oʻzbekcha / Ўзбекча Polski Português Қазақша / Qazaqşa / قازاقشا Română Simple English Sinugboanong Binisaya Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Kiswahili தமிழ் Татарча / Tatarça తెలుగు ภาษาไทย Тоҷикӣ تۆرکجه Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Winaray 中文 Русский 粵語 __ _Search_ __ Read Wikipedia in your language __ ## 1,000,000+ articles * [العربية](//ar.wikipedia.org/ "Al-ʿArabīyah") * [Deutsch](//de.wikipedia.org/) * [English](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English") * [Español](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español") * [فارسی](//fa.wikipedia.org/ "Fārsi") * [Français](//fr.wikipedia.org/) * [Italiano](//it.wikipedia
Page Title
Wikipedia
Response Headers
{
"accept-ranges": "bytes",
"age": "62191",
"cache-control": "s-maxage=86400, must-revalidate, max-age=3600",
"content-encoding": "gzip",
"content-length": "27056",
"content-type": "text/html",
"date": "Tue, 24 Mar 2026 01:40:57 GMT",
"etag": "W/\"1fb73-64b80643ed380\"",
"last-modified": "Mon, 23 Feb 2026 16:37:50 GMT",
"nel": "{ \"report_to\": \"wm_nel\", \"max_age\": 604800, \"failure_fraction\": 0.05, \"success_fraction\": 0.0}",
"report-to": "{ \"group\": \"wm_nel\", \"max_age\": 604800, \"endpoints\": [{ \"url\": \"https://intake-logging.wikimedia.org/v1/events?stream=w3c.reportingapi.network_error&schema_uri=/w3c/reportingapi/network_error/1.0.0\" }] }",
"server": "mw-web.eqiad.main-5b577d4c78-ns2xx",
"server-timing": "cache;desc=\"hit-front\", host;desc=\"cp1104\"",
"set-cookie": "WMF-Last-Access=24-Mar-2026;Path=/;HttpOnly;secure;Expires=Sat, 25 Apr 2026 12:00:00 GMT\nNetworkProbeLimit=0.001;Path=/;Secure;SameSite=None;Max-Age=3600\nWMF-Uniq=jJe87MlrGSdxgDsxNdZRbgMtAAEBAFvd7Zm_4TGnFVAQKzC3Dm2gH89OprL_oVN8;Domain=.wikipedia.org;Path=/;HttpOnly;secure;SameSite=None;Expires=Wed, 24 Mar 2027 00:00:00 GMT",
"strict-transport-security": "max-age=106384710; includeSubDomains; preload",
"vary": "Accept-Encoding",
"x-analytics": "",
"x-cache": "cp1104 miss, cp1104 hit/1334377",
"x-cache-status": "hit-front",
"x-client-ip": "164.152.16.112",
"x-request-id": "215b52eb-3554-429f-9de8-d9988b4e2853"
}Request Options
{
"proxy": {
"type": "datacenter"
},
"scraper_options": {
"network_requests": true
},
"screenshot": true,
"url": "https://wikipedia.org"
}No network requests captured.
Protections
No protection findings were detected for this method.
Structured Metadata
Open Graph
[
{
"namespace": {
"og": "http://ogp.me/ns#"
},
"properties": [
[
"og:url",
""
],
[
"og:title",
"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"
],
[
"og:type",
"website"
],
[
"og:description",
"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation."
],
[
"og:image",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png"
]
]
}
]Scraper Response Data
Response payload
{
"content": "<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=\"en\" class=\"js-enabled wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled\"><head>\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikipedia</title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<script>\ndocument.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( /(^|\\s)no-js(\\s|$)/, \"$1js-enabled$2\" );\n /**\n * Initialize Wikipedia25. Check if disabled via cookie; if\n * active, apply the enabled class and randomly assign a video variant class\n */\n (function() {\n var cookieName = 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-disabled';\n if ( document.cookie.indexOf( cookieName + '=1' ) === -1 ) {\n document.documentElement.classList.add( 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled' );\n }\n })();\n</script>\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"initial-scale=1,user-scalable=yes\">\n<link rel=\"apple-touch-icon\" href=\"/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png\">\n<link rel=\"shortcut icon\" href=\"/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico\">\n<link rel=\"license\" href=\"//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\">\n<style>\n.sprite{background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/sprite-e49fbf32.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.svg-Commons-logo_sister{background-position:0 0;width:47px;height:47px}.svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -47px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Meta-Wiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 -89px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikibooks-logo_sister{background-position:0 -126px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-Wikidata-logo_sister{background-position:0 -163px;width:49px;height:49px}.svg-Wikifunctions-logo_sister{background-position:0 -212px;width:50px;height:50px}.svg-Wikimedia-logo_black{background-position:0 -262px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{background-position:0 -304px;width:176px;height:32px}.svg-Wikiquote-logo_sister{background-position:0 -336px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikisource-logo_sister{background-position:0 -378px;width:39px;height:39px}.svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister{background-position:0 -417px;width:42px;height:42px}.svg-Wikiversity-logo_sister{background-position:0 -459px;width:43px;height:37px}.svg-Wikivoyage-logo_sister{background-position:0 -496px;width:36px;height:36px}.svg-Wiktionary-logo_sister{background-position:0 -532px;width:37px;height:37px}.svg-arrow-down{background-position:0 -569px;width:12px;height:8px}.svg-arrow-down-blue{background-position:0 -577px;width:14px;height:14px}.svg-badge_google_play_store{background-position:0 -591px;width:124px;height:38px}.svg-badge_ios_app_store{background-position:0 -629px;width:110px;height:38px}.svg-language-icon{background-position:0 -667px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-noimage{background-position:0 -689px;width:58px;height:58px}.svg-search-icon{background-position:0 -747px;width:22px;height:22px}.svg-wikipedia_app_tile{background-position:0 -769px;width:42px;height:42px}\n</style>\n<style>\n:root{--color-base:#202122;--color-base-fixed:#202122;--color-base--hover:#404244;--color-emphasized:#101418;--color-subtle:#54595d;--color-placeholder:#72777d;--color-disabled:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled-emphasized:#a2a9b1;--color-inverted:#fff;--color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--color-progressive:#36c;--color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--color-progressive--active:#233566;--color-progressive--focus:#36c;--color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--color-destructive--active:#612419;--color-destructive--focus:#36c;--color-visited:#6a60b0;--color-visited--hover:#534fa3;--color-visited--active:#353262;--color-destructive--visited:#9f5555;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#854848;--color-destructive--visited--active:#512e2e;--color-error:#bf3c2c;--color-error--hover:#9f3526;--color-error--active:#612419;--color-warning:#886425;--color-success:#177860;--color-notice:#404244;--color-icon-error:#f54739;--color-icon-warning:#ab7f2a;--color-icon-success:#099979;--color-icon-notice:#72777d;--color-content-added:#006400;--color-content-removed:#8b0000;--opacity-base:1;--opacity-medium:0.65;--opacity-low:0.3;--opacity-transparent:0;--filter-invert-icon:0;--filter-invert-primary-button-icon:1;--background-position-base:center;--background-size-search-figure:cover;--z-index-bottom:-100;--z-index-base:0;--z-index-above-content:1;--z-index-toolbar:2;--z-index-dropdown:50;--z-index-sticky:100;--z-index-fixed:200;--z-index-off-canvas-backdrop:300;--z-index-off-canvas:350;--z-index-overlay-backdrop:400;--z-index-overlay:450;--z-index-popover:700;--z-index-tooltip:800;--z-index-toast-notification:900;--z-index-top:9999;--z-index-stacking-0:0;--z-index-stacking-1:1;--z-index-stacking-2:2;--z-index-stacking-3:3;--box-sizing-base:border-box;--size-0:0;--size-6:0.0625rem;--size-12:0.125rem;--size-25:0.25rem;--size-50:0.5rem;--size-75:0.75rem;--size-100:1rem;--size-125:1.25rem;--size-150:1.5rem;--size-200:2rem;--size-250:2.5rem;--size-275:2.75rem;--size-300:3rem;--size-400:4rem;--size-800:8rem;--size-1200:12rem;--size-1600:16rem;--size-2400:24rem;--size-2800:28rem;--size-3200:32rem;--size-4000:40rem;--size-5600:56rem;--size-viewport-width-full:100vw;--size-viewport-height-full:100vh;--size-absolute-1:1px;--size-absolute-9999:9999px;--size-content-min:min-content;--size-content-fit:fit-content;--size-content-max:max-content;--size-third:33.33%;--size-half:50%;--size-full:100%;--size-double:200%;--size-search-figure:2.5rem;--max-width-base:none;--max-width-breakpoint-mobile:calc(640px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-tablet:calc(1120px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-breakpoint-desktop:calc(1680px - var(--size-absolute-1));--max-width-button:28rem;--border-style-base:solid;--border-style-dashed:dashed;--box-shadow-inset-small:inset 0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-inset-medium:inset 0 0 0 2px;--box-shadow-inset-medium-vertical:inset 0 -2px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small:0 0 0 1px;--box-shadow-outset-small-top:0 -1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom:0 1px 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-small-start:-1px 0 0 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-below:0 4px 4px 0;--box-shadow-outset-medium-around:0 0 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-below:0 4px 8px 0;--box-shadow-outset-large-around:0 0 16px 0;--box-shadow-color-base:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-progressive--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#36c;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#3056a9;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#233566;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#fff;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.06);--box-shadow-color-transparent:transparent;--font-family-base:sans-serif;--font-family-system-sans:-apple-system,\"BlinkMacSystemFont\",\"Segoe UI\",\"Roboto\",\"Inter\",\"Helvetica\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--font-family-sans--fallback:sans-serif;--font-family-serif:\"Linux Libertine\",\"Georgia\",\"Times\",\"Source Serif 4\",serif;--font-family-serif--fallback:serif;--font-family-monospace:\"Menlo\",\"Consolas\",\"Liberation Mono\",\"Fira Code\",\"Courier New\",monospace;--font-family-monospace--fallback:monospace,monospace;--font-family-heading-main:\"Linux Libertine\",\"Georgia\",\"Times\",\"Source Serif 4\",serif;--font-size-x-small:0.75rem;--font-size-small:0.875rem;--font-size-medium:1rem;--font-size-large:1.125rem;--font-size-x-large:1.25rem;--font-size-xx-large:1.5rem;--font-size-xxx-large:1.75rem;--font-weight-hairline:100;--font-weight-light:300;--font-weight-normal:400;--font-weight-semi-bold:600;--font-weight-bold:700;--line-height-x-small:1.25rem;--line-height-small:1.375rem;--line-height-medium:1.625rem;--line-height-large:1.75rem;--line-height-x-large:1.875rem;--line-height-xx-large:2.125rem;--line-height-xxx-large:2.375rem;--line-height-content:1.625;--text-decoration-none:none;--text-decoration-line-through:line-through;--text-decoration-underline:underline;--text-overflow-clip:clip;--text-overflow-ellipsis:ellipsis;--tab-size-base:4;--transform-checkbox-tick--checked:rotate(45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-start:rotate(-45deg);--transform-progress-indicator-spinner-end:rotate(315deg);--transition-duration-base:100ms;--transition-duration-medium:250ms;--transition-property-base:background-color,color,border-color,box-shadow;--transition-property-fade:opacity;--transition-property-icon:color;--transition-property-icon-css-only:background-color;--transition-property-toggle-switch-grip:background-color,border-color,transform;--transition-timing-function-system:ease;--transition-timing-function-user:ease-out;--animation-delay-none:0ms;--animation-delay-medium:-160ms;--animation-delay-slow:-320ms;--animation-duration-fast:1000ms;--animation-duration-medium:1600ms;--animation-duration-slow:2000ms;--animation-timing-function-base:linear;--animation-timing-function-bouncing:ease-in-out;--animation-iteration-count-base:infinite;--cursor-base:default;--cursor-base--disabled:default;--cursor-base--hover:pointer;--cursor-grab:grab;--cursor-grabbing:grabbing;--cursor-help:help;--cursor-move:move;--cursor-not-allowed:not-allowed;--cursor-resize-nesw:nesw-resize;--cursor-resize-nwse:nwse-resize;--cursor-text:text;--cursor-zoom-in:zoom-in;--cursor-zoom-out:zoom-out;--mix-blend-mode-base:normal;--mix-blend-mode-blend:multiply;--background-color-base:#fff;--background-color-base-fixed:#fff;--background-color-neutral:#eaecf0;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive--hover:#dadde3;--background-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#f8f9fa;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#eaecf0;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled:#dadde3;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-inverted:#101418;--background-color-progressive:#36c;--background-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--background-color-progressive--active:#233566;--background-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#f1f4fd;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#d9e2ff;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#b6d4fb;--background-color-destructive:#bf3c2c;--background-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--background-color-destructive--active:#612419;--background-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-error:#f54739;--background-color-error--hover:#d74032;--background-color-error--active:#bf3c2c;--background-color-error-subtle:#ffe9e5;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#ffdad3;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#ffc8bd;--background-color-warning-subtle:#fdf2d5;--background-color-success-subtle:#dff2eb;--background-color-notice-subtle:#eaecf0;--background-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--background-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--background-color-transparent:transparent;--background-color-backdrop-light:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-button-quiet--hover:rgba(0,24,73,0.027);--background-color-button-quiet--active:rgba(0,24,73,0.082);--background-color-input-binary--checked:#36c;--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--hover:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.3);--background-color-tab-list-item-framed--active:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--opacity-icon-base:0.87;--opacity-icon-base--hover:0.74;--opacity-icon-base--selected:1;--opacity-icon-base--disabled:0.51;--opacity-icon-placeholder:0.51;--opacity-icon-subtle:0.67;--min-size-interactive-pointer:32px;--min-size-interactive-touch:44px;--min-size-search-figure:40px;--min-size-icon-x-small:10px;--min-size-icon-small:14px;--min-size-icon-medium:18px;--min-size-input-binary:20px;--min-size-input-chip-clear-button:20px;--min-size-toggle-switch-grip:18px;--min-width-medium:256px;--min-width-breakpoint-mobile:320px;--min-width-breakpoint-tablet:640px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop:1120px;--min-width-breakpoint-desktop-wide:1680px;--min-width-toggle-switch:42px;--spacing-0:0;--spacing-6:1px;--spacing-12:2px;--spacing-25:4px;--spacing-30:5px;--spacing-35:6px;--spacing-50:8px;--spacing-65:10px;--spacing-75:12px;--spacing-100:16px;--spacing-125:20px;--spacing-150:24px;--spacing-200:32px;--spacing-250:40px;--spacing-300:48px;--spacing-400:64px;--spacing-half:50%;--spacing-full:100%;--border-width-base:1px;--border-width-thick:2px;--border-width-input-radio--checked:6px;--border-color-base:#a2a9b1;--border-color-emphasized:#202122;--border-color-subtle:#c8ccd1;--border-color-muted:#dadde3;--border-color-interactive:#72777d;--border-color-interactive--hover:#27292d;--border-color-interactive--active:#202122;--border-color-disabled:#c8ccd1;--border-color-inverted:#fff;--border-color-inverted-fixed:#fff;--border-color-progressive:#6485d1;--border-color-progressive--hover:#3056a9;--border-color-progressive--active:#233566;--border-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--border-color-destructive:#f54739;--border-color-destructive--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-destructive--active:#612419;--border-color-destructive--focus:#36c;--border-color-error:#f54739;--border-color-error--hover:#9f3526;--border-color-error--active:#612419;--border-color-warning:#ab7f2a;--border-color-warning--hover:#735421;--border-color-warning--active:#453217;--border-color-success:#099979;--border-color-notice:#72777d;--border-color-content-added:#a3d3ff;--border-color-content-removed:#ffe49c;--border-color-transparent:transparent;--border-color-divider:#a2a9b1;--border-radius-base:2px;--border-radius-sharp:0;--border-radius-pill:9999px;--border-radius-circle:50%;--outline-color-progressive--focus:#36c;--min-height-text-area:64px;--min-height-table-header:40px;--min-height-table-footer:40px;--min-height-toggle-switch:28px;--max-height-chip:1.375rem;--color-link:var(--color-progressive);--color-link--hover:var(--color-progressive--hover);--color-link--active:var(--color-progressive--active);--color-link--focus:var(--color-progressive--focus);--color-link--visited:var(--color-visited);--color-link--visited--hover:var(--color-visited--hover);--color-link--visited--active:var(--color-visited--active);--color-link-red:var(--color-destructive);--color-link-red--hover:var(--color-destructive--hover);--color-link-red--active:var(--color-destructive--active);--color-link-red--focus:var(--color-destructive--focus);--color-link-red--visited:var(--color-destructive--visited);--color-link-red--visited--hover:var(--color-destructive--visited--hover);--color-link-red--visited--active:var(--color-destructive--visited--active);--size-icon-x-small:calc(var(--font-size-medium) - 4px);--size-icon-small:var(--font-size-medium);--size-icon-medium:calc(var(--font-size-medium) + 4px);--size-toggle-switch-grip:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--box-shadow-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-top:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-top) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-bottom:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--box-shadow-large:var(--box-shadow-outset-large-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-large-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--accent-color-base:#36c;--position-offset-border-width-base:-var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button:var(--spacing-75) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-icon-only:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small-icon-only:var(--spacing-12) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-large:var(--spacing-100) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-input-text-two-end-icons:calc(var(--spacing-50)*2 + var(--size-icon-small));--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure:var(--spacing-75);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-start:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*0.375);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-end:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--border-color-input--hover:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary--hover:var(--border-color-progressive--hover);--border-color-input-binary--active:var(--border-color-progressive--active);--border-color-input-binary--focus:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);--border-color-input-binary--checked:var(--border-color-progressive);--border-base:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-base);--border-subtle:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-subtle);--border-progressive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-progressive);--border-destructive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-destructive);--border-transparent:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-transparent);--outline-base--focus:var(--border-width-base) solid transparent;--width-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*3);--height-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*2);--spacing-start-typeahead-search-icon:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure)/2 - var(--min-size-icon-medium)/2);--spacing-typeahead-search-focus-addition:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure) - var(--min-size-icon-medium) - var(--spacing-50));--color-base--subtle:#54595d;--box-shadow-drop-xx-large:0 20px 48px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--font-family-sans:\"Helvetica Neue\",\"Helvetica\",\"Liberation Sans\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--line-height-xxx-small:1.4285714rem;--line-height-xx-small:1.5714285rem;--box-shadow-drop-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-drop-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}@media only screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--color-base:#eaecf0;--color-base--hover:#f8f9fa;--color-emphasized:#f8f9fa;--color-subtle:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled:#54595d;--color-disabled-emphasized:#72777d;--color-inverted:#101418;--color-progressive:#88a3e8;--color-progressive--hover:#a6bbf5;--color-progressive--active:#b6d4fb;--color-destructive:#fd7865;--color-destructive--hover:#fea898;--color-destructive--active:#ffc8bd;--color-visited:#a799cd;--color-visited--hover:#c5b9dd;--color-visited--active:#d9d0e9;--color-destructive--visited:#c99391;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#dcb5b3;--color-destructive--visited--active:#e8cecd;--color-error:#fd7865;--color-error--hover:#fea898;--color-error--active:#ffc8bd;--color-warning:#ca982e;--color-success:#2cb491;--color-notice:#a2a9b1;--color-content-added:#80cdb3;--color-content-removed:#fd7865;--color-base--subtle:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-base:#72777d;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#88a3e8;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#a6bbf5;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#b6d4fb;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#000;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);--mix-blend-mode-blend:screen;--background-color-base:#101418;--background-color-neutral:#27292d;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive:#27292d;--background-color-interactive--hover:#404244;--background-color-interactive--active:#54595d;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#27292d;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#404244;--background-color-disabled:#404244;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-inverted:#f8f9fa;--background-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#1b223d;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#233566;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#3056a9;--background-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-error-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-warning-subtle:#2d2212;--background-color-success-subtle:#132821;--background-color-notice-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-content-added:#233566;--background-color-content-removed:#453217;--background-color-backdrop-light:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--border-color-base:#72777d;--border-color-emphasized:#eaecf0;--border-color-subtle:#54595d;--border-color-muted:#404244;--border-color-interactive--hover:#a2a9b1;--border-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--border-color-disabled:#54595d;--border-color-inverted:#101418;--border-color-progressive--hover:#88a3e8;--border-color-progressive--active:#a6bbf5;--border-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-destructive--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-destructive--active:#fea898;--border-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-error--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-error--active:#fea898;--border-color-warning--hover:#ca982e;--border-color-warning--active:#edb537;--border-color-content-added:#233566;--border-color-content-removed:#987027}}:root{--color-print--visited:#520;--ss-pos-top:1rem;--ss-pos-right:1.2rem;--ss-pos-bottom:1.2rem;--ss-width:9.5rem;--ss-height:2.4rem;--ss-select-width:11rem;--ss-select-z-index:1;--ss-button-z-index:2}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-size:62.5%}body{margin:0}details,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:700}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:3.2rem;margin:1.2rem 0}small{font-size:1.3rem}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-.5em}sub{bottom:-.25em}figure{margin:1.6rem 4rem}hr{box-sizing:content-box}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:var(--font-family-monospace--fallback);font-size:1.4rem}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;box-sizing:content-box}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=search]:focus{outline-offset:-2px}fieldset{border:var(--border-base);margin:0 .2rem;padding:.6rem 1rem 1.2rem}legend{padding:0}optgroup{font-weight:700}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}.hidden{display:none!important}.screen-reader-text{display:block;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}body{background-color:var(--background-color-base);color:var(--color-base);font-family:var(--font-family-system-sans);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.5;margin:.4rem 0 1.6rem}main{padding:0 1.28rem}a{touch-action:manipulation}a,a:active,a:focus{unicode-bidi:embed;outline:0;color:var(--color-progressive);text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}img{vertical-align:middle}hr,img{border:0}hr{clear:both;height:0;border-bottom:var(--border-subtle);margin:.26rem 0}.pure-button{display:inline-block;zoom:1;line-height:normal;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-drag:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);color:var(--color-base);position:relative;min-height:1.92rem;min-width:1.6rem;margin:.16rem 0;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:top;transition:background .1s ease,color .1s ease,border-color .1s 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auto;background-size:cover;height:100%;width:7rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.suggestion-title{margin:0 0 .78rem;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.872rem}.suggestion-link.active .suggestion-title{color:var(--color-progressive)}.suggestion-highlight{font-style:normal;text-decoration:underline}.suggestion-description{color:var(--color-placeholder);margin:0;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.43rem}.styled-select{display:none;position:absolute;top:var(--ss-pos-top);bottom:var(--ss-pos-bottom);right:var(--ss-pos-right);max-width:var(--ss-width);height:var(--ss-height);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base)}.styled-select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select .hide-arrow{right:3.2rem;max-width:6.8rem;height:var(--ss-height);overflow:hidden;text-align:right}.styled-select select{background:transparent;display:inline;overflow:hidden;height:var(--ss-height);min-width:var(--ss-select-width);max-width:var(--ss-select-width);width:var(--ss-select-width);box-sizing:border-box;border:0;line-height:var(--ss-height);-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:window;text-indent:.01px;text-overflow:\"\";opacity:0;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;cursor:pointer}.styled-select.no-js{width:var(--ss-width)}.styled-select.no-js select{opacity:1;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem;color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.no-js .hide-arrow{width:6.8rem}.search-container .styled-select.no-js .js-langpicker-label{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled .hide-arrow{padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem}.styled-select.js-enabled select{background:transparent;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;z-index:var(--ss-select-z-index);width:100%;border:0;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem;color:transparent;color:hsla(0,0%,100%,0)}.styled-select.js-enabled select option{color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.js-enabled select:hover{background-color:transparent}.styled-select-active-helper{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled select:focus+.styled-select-active-helper{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:0;width:100%;height:100%;outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}.search-container .js-langpicker-label{display:inline-block;margin:0;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.3rem;line-height:var(--ss-height);text-transform:uppercase}.styled-select select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select select:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);box-shadow:none}@-moz-document url-prefix(){.styled-select 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4px)}.cdx-icon--small{min-width:14px;min-height:14px;width:var(--font-size-medium,1rem);height:var(--font-size-medium,1rem)}.cdx-icon--medium{min-width:18px;min-height:18px;width:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) + 4px);height:calc(var(--font-size-medium, 1rem) + 4px)}.cdx-icon--flipped svg{transform:scaleX(-1)}.wikipedia25-videologo{visibility:hidden;height:0;overflow:hidden;margin-top:0}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-videologo{visibility:visible;height:auto;overflow:visible;margin-top:2rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .central-textlogo:not(.wikipedia25-videologo){display:none}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-videologo{height:17.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .search-container{top:20rem}}.wikipedia25-slogan{display:block;margin:.6rem 0 .5rem;padding:0 .8rem 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(max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{top:8.6rem;left:calc(50% - 1.2rem)}}.wikipedia25-cta-container{display:none;text-align:center;margin:.96rem 0 2.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{display:block}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{margin:0 0 2.4rem}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);white-space:normal}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);background-color:#ffe49c}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);color:var(--color-progressive--hover)}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive--active);color:var(--color-progressive--active)}.wikipedia25-cta-description{max-width:45rem;margin:1.2rem auto 0;font-size:1.2rem;line-height:2rem;text-align:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-content{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);display:flex;justify-content:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-text{padding:.8rem 2rem;width:100%;max-width:350px;text-align:start;--font-size-medium:1.6rem}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .cdx-toggle-switch__label{font-size:1.3rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.footer .wikipedia25-footer-sidebar{order:3}}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog-backdrop{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;--line-height-medium:2.6rem;--font-size-x-large:2rem;--line-height-x-large:3rem}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog{width:calc(100% - 2rem);height:unset;max-width:32rem;max-height:calc(100vh - 2.5rem);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),0 0 16px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}\n</style>\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org\">\n<link rel=\"me\" href=\"https://wikis.world/@wikipedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"\">\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\">\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org\"></head>\n<body id=\"www-wikipedia-org\" class=\" jsl10n-visible\">\n<main>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo\">\n<img class=\"central-featured-logo\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2.png\" srcset=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@1.5x.png 1.5x, portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@2x.png 2x\" width=\"200\" height=\"183\" alt=\"\">\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n localized-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.slogan\">The Free Encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo wikipedia25-videologo\">\n<video id=\"wikipedia25-video\" class=\"wikipedia25-video\" data-idle-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm\" data-idle-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm\" data-click-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-light.webm\" data-click-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-dark.webm\" data-poster-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp\" data-poster-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" muted=\"\" playsinline=\"\" poster=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm\">\n</video>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-play-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--framed jsl10n wikipedia25-play-button\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.play-button-text\" aria-label=\"Play\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--small\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g><path d=\"M4.55 19A1 1 0 013 18.13V1.87A1 1 0 014.55 1l12.2 8.13a1 1 0 010 1.7z\"></path></g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n wikipedia25-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.slogan\">25 years of the free encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"top-ten-nav-label\" aria-label=\"Top languages\" class=\"central-featured\" data-el-section=\"primary links\">\n<!-- #1. en.wikipedia.org - 1,662,960,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang1\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-en\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"English \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 The Free Encyclopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"The Free Encyclopedia\">\n<strong>English</strong>\n<small>7,141,000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #2. ja.wikipedia.org - 205,252,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang2\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ja\" href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Nihongo \u2014 \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2 \u2014 \u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\">\n<strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</strong>\n<small>1,491,000+ <span>\u8a18\u4e8b</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #3. de.wikipedia.org - 173,570,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang3\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-de\" href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Deutsch \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\">\n<strong>Deutsch</strong>\n<small>3.099.000+ <span>Artikel</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #4. ru.wikipedia.org - 154,560,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang4\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ru\" href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Russkiy \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\">\n<strong>\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</strong>\n<small>2 087 000+ <span>\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #5. fr.wikipedia.org - 147,379,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang5\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-fr\" href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Fran\u00e7ais \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\">\n<strong>Fran\u00e7ais</strong>\n<small>2\u202f740\u202f000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #6. es.wikipedia.org - 125,656,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang6\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-es\" href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 La enciclopedia libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"La enciclopedia libre\">\n<strong>Espa\u00f1ol</strong>\n<small>2.095.000+ <span>art\u00edculos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #7. it.wikipedia.org - 91,026,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang7\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-it\" href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Italiano \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 L'enciclopedia libera\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L'enciclopedia libera\">\n<strong>Italiano</strong>\n<small>1.957.000+ <span>voci</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #8. zh.wikipedia.org - 84,039,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang8\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-zh\" href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n \u2014 \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 / \u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 \u2014 \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\" class=\"link-box localize-variant\" data-slogan=\"\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\">\n<strong>\u4e2d\u6587</strong>\n<small>1,524,000+ <span>\u6761\u76ee / \u689d\u76ee</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #9. pt.wikipedia.org - 46,289,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang9\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pt\" href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Portugu\u00eas \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\">\n<strong>Portugu\u00eas</strong>\n<small>1.165.000+ <span>artigos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #10. pl.wikipedia.org - 46,221,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang10\" lang=\"pl\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pl\" href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Polski \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Wolna encyklopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Wolna encyklopedia\">\n<strong>Polski</strong>\n<small>1 685 000+ <span>hase\u0142</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-container\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-cta-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-text\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</button>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-description jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-description\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-modal-container\">\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-backdrop\" class=\"cdx-dialog-backdrop hidden\">\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-start\"></div>\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog\" class=\"cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--vertical-actions\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" aria-modal=\"true\">\n<header class=\"cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title-group\">\n<h2 id=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.title\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</h2>\n</div>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-close-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button jsl10n\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.close-button-text\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g>\n<path d=\"m4.34 2.93 12.73 12.73-1.41 1.41L2.93 4.35z\"></path>\n<path d=\"M17.07 4.34 4.34 17.07l-1.41-1.41L15.66 2.93z\"></path>\n</g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n</header>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog-focus-trap\" tabindex=\"-1\"></div>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__body cdx-scrollable-container jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.text\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n<footer class=\"cdx-dialog__footer cdx-dialog__footer--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__footer__actions\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-primary-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.primary-button-text\">\nLearn more\n</button>\n</div>\n</footer>\n</div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-end\"></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div role=\"search\" class=\"search-container\">\n<form class=\"pure-form\" id=\"search-form\" action=\"//www.wikipedia.org/search-redirect.php\" data-el-section=\"search\">\n<fieldset>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"family\" value=\"wikipedia\" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"search-input\" id=\"search-input\">\n<label for=\"searchInput\" class=\"screen-reader-text\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.search-input-label\">Search Wikipedia</label>\n<input id=\"searchInput\" name=\"search\" type=\"search\" size=\"20\" autofocus=\"autofocus\" accesskey=\"F\" dir=\"auto\" autocomplete=\"off\" style=\"padding-right: 64px;\">\n<div class=\" styled-select js-enabled\">\n<div class=\"hide-arrow\">\n<label for=\"searchLanguage\" id=\"jsLangLabel\" class=\"js-langpicker-label\">en</label><select id=\"searchLanguage\" name=\"language\">\n<option value=\"af\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</option>\n<option value=\"sq\" lang=\"sq\">Shqip</option><!-- Anglisht -->\n<option value=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</option><!-- Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah -->\n<option value=\"ast\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</option>\n<option value=\"az\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</option>\n<option value=\"bg\" lang=\"bg\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- B\u01celgarski -->\n<option value=\"nan\" lang=\"nan\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</option><!-- B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa -->\n<option value=\"bn\" lang=\"bn\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</option><!-- Bangla -->\n<option value=\"be\" lang=\"be\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</option><!-- Belaruskaya -->\n<option value=\"ca\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</option>\n<option value=\"cs\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</option>\n<option value=\"cy\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</option>\n<option value=\"da\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</option>\n<option value=\"de\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</option>\n<option value=\"et\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</option>\n<option value=\"el\" lang=\"el\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</option><!-- Ell\u012bnik\u00e1 -->\n<option value=\"en\" lang=\"en\" selected=\"selected\">English</option><!-- English -->\n<option value=\"es\" lang=\"es\">Espa\u00f1ol</option><!-- Espa\u00f1ol -->\n<option value=\"eo\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</option>\n<option value=\"eu\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</option>\n<option value=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</option><!-- F\u0101rsi -->\n<option value=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</option>\n<option value=\"gl\" lang=\"gl\">Galego</option><!-- Galego -->\n<option value=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</option><!-- Hangugeo -->\n<option value=\"hy\" lang=\"hy\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</option><!-- Hayeren -->\n<option value=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</option><!-- Hind\u012b -->\n<option value=\"hr\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</option>\n<option value=\"id\" lang=\"id\">Bahasa Indonesia</option><!-- Bahasa Inggris -->\n<option value=\"it\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</option>\n<option value=\"he\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</option><!-- Ivrit -->\n<option value=\"ka\" lang=\"ka\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</option><!-- Kartuli -->\n<option value=\"lld\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</option>\n<option value=\"la\" lang=\"la\">Latina</option>\n<option value=\"lv\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</option>\n<option value=\"lt\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</option>\n<option value=\"hu\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</option>\n<option value=\"mk\" lang=\"mk\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- Makedonski -->\n<option value=\"mg\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</option>\n<option value=\"mr\" lang=\"mr\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</option><!-- Marathi -->\n<option value=\"arz\" lang=\"arz\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</option><!-- Ma\u1e63r\u012b -->\n<option value=\"ms\" lang=\"ms\">Bahasa Melayu</option><!-- Bahasa Melayu -->\n<option value=\"min\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</option>\n<option value=\"my\" lang=\"my\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</option><!-- Myanmarsar -->\n<option value=\"nl\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</option>\n<option value=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</option><!-- Nihongo -->\n<option value=\"no\" lang=\"nb\">Norsk (bokm\u00e5l)</option>\n<option value=\"nn\" lang=\"nn\">Norsk (nynorsk)</option>\n<option value=\"ce\" lang=\"ce\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</option><!-- Nox\u00e7iyn -->\n<option value=\"uz\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</option>\n<option value=\"pl\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</option>\n<option value=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</option>\n<option value=\"kk\" lang=\"kk\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430 / Qazaq\u015fa / \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</option>\n<option value=\"ro\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</option>\n<option value=\"simple\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</option>\n<option value=\"ceb\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</option>\n<option value=\"sk\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</option>\n<option value=\"sl\" lang=\"sl\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</option><!-- Sloven\u0161\u010dina -->\n<option value=\"sr\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</option>\n<option value=\"sh\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</option>\n<option value=\"fi\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</option>\n<option value=\"sv\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</option>\n<option value=\"sw\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</option>\n<option value=\"ta\" lang=\"ta\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</option><!-- Tami\u1e3b -->\n<option value=\"tt\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</option>\n<option value=\"te\" lang=\"te\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</option><!-- Telugu -->\n<option value=\"th\" lang=\"th\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</option><!-- Phasa Thai -->\n<option value=\"tg\" lang=\"tg\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</option><!-- Tojik\u012b -->\n<option value=\"azb\" lang=\"azb\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</option><!-- T\u00fcrkce -->\n<option value=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</option><!-- T\u00fcrk\u00e7e -->\n<option value=\"uk\" lang=\"uk\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</option><!-- Ukrayins\u2019ka -->\n<option value=\"ur\" lang=\"ur\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</option><!-- Urdu -->\n<option value=\"vi\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</option>\n<option value=\"war\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</option>\n<option value=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\u6587</option><!-- Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n -->\n<option value=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</option><!-- Russkiy -->\n<option value=\"yue\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</option>\n</select>\n<div class=\"styled-select-active-helper\"></div>\n</div>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down\"></i>\n</div>\n<div id=\"typeahead-suggestions\"></div></div>\n<button class=\"pure-button pure-button-primary-progressive\" type=\"submit\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-search-icon\" data-jsl10n=\"search-input-button\">Search</i>\n</button>\n<input type=\"hidden\" value=\"Go\" name=\"go\" style=\"\">\n</fieldset>\n</form>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"all-languages-nav-label\" aria-label=\"All languages\">\n<div class=\"lang-list-button-wrapper\">\n<button id=\"js-lang-list-button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-button\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-language-icon\"></i>\n<span class=\"lang-list-button-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.language-button-text\">Read Wikipedia in your language </span>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down-blue\"></i>\n</button>\n</div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-border\"></div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-container\">\n<div id=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-content\">\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ar\" title=\"Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\" title=\"English\">English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"es\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol\">Espa\u00f1ol</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fa\" title=\"F\u0101rsi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arz\" title=\"Ma\u1e63r\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ja\" title=\"Nihongo\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ceb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uk\" title=\"Ukrayins\u2019ka\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//war.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zh\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n\">\u4e2d\u6587</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ru\" title=\"Russkiy\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//af.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sq\" title=\"Anglisht\">Shqip</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ast.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//az.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bg\" title=\"B\u01celgarski\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nan\" title=\"B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bn\" title=\"Bangla\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be\" title=\"Belaruskaya\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ca.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//da.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//et.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//el.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"el\" title=\"Ell\u012bnik\u00e1\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gl\" title=\"Galego\">Galego</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ko.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ko\" title=\"Hangugeo\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hy\" title=\"Hayeren\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hi\" title=\"Hind\u012b\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//id.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"id\" title=\"Bahasa Inggris\">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//he.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"he\" title=\"Ivrit\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ka.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ka\" title=\"Kartuli\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lld.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//la.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"la\">Latina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mk\" title=\"Makedonski\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mr\" title=\"Marathi\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ms\" title=\"Bahasa Melayu\">Bahasa Melayu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//min.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//my.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"my\" title=\"Myanmarsar\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</a></li>\n<li lang=\"no\">Norsk<ul><li><a href=\"//no.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nb\">bokm\u00e5l</a></li><li><a href=\"//nn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nn\">nynorsk</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ce.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ce\" title=\"Nox\u00e7iyn\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kk\"><span lang=\"kk-Cyrl\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430</span> / <span lang=\"kk-Latn\">Qazaq\u015fa</span> / <bdi lang=\"kk-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//simple.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sl\" title=\"Sloven\u0161\u010dina\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ta.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ta\" title=\"Tami\u1e3b\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//te.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"te\" title=\"Telugu\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//th.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"th\" title=\"Phasa Thai\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tg\" title=\"Tojik\u012b\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//azb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"azb\" title=\"T\u00fcrkce\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tr\" title=\"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ur\" title=\"Urdu\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-yue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n10,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ace.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ace\">Bahsa Ac\u00e8h</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//als.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gsw\">Alemannisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//am.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"am\" title=\"\u0100mari\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\">\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//an.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"an\">Aragon\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hyw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hyw\" title=\"Arevmdahayeren\">\u0531\u0580\u0565\u0582\u0574\u057f\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0567\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gor.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gor\">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ban.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ban\" title=\"Basa Bali\">Basa Bali</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bjn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bjn\">Bahasa Banjar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//map-bms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"map-x-bms\">Basa Banyumasan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ba\" title=\"Ba\u015fqortsa\">\u0411\u0430\u0448\u04a1\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0441\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be-tarask.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be-tarask\" title=\"Bielaruskaja (tara\u0161kievica)\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f (\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0446\u0430)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bcl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bcl\">Bikol Central</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bpy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bpy\" title=\"Bishnupriya Manipuri\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ae\u09a3\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bar\">Boarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bs\">Bosanski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//br.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"br\">Brezhoneg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cv\" title=\"\u010c\u0103va\u0161la\">\u0427\u04d1\u0432\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dag\">Dagbanli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ary.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ary\" title=\"Darija\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nv\">Din\u00e9 Bizaad</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-eml\">Emigli\u00e0n\u2013Rumagn\u00f2l</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hif.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hif\">Fiji Hindi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fo\">F\u00f8royskt</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fy\">Frysk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ff.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ff\">Fulfulde</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ga\">Gaeilge</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gd\">G\u00e0idhlig</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//glk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"glk\" title=\"Gil\u0259ki\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06af\u06cc\u0644\u06a9\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gu\" title=\"Gujarati\">\u0a97\u0ac1\u0a9c\u0ab0\u0abe\u0aa4\u0ac0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hak.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hak\">Hak-k\u00e2-ng\u00ee / \u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ha.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ha\">Hausa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hsb\">Hornjoserbsce</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//io.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"io\">Ido</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ig.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ig\">Igbo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ilo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ilo\">Ilokano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ia\">Interlingua</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ie.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ie\">Interlingue</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//os.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"os\" title=\"Iron\">\u0418\u0440\u043e\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//is.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"is\">\u00cdslenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jv\">Jawa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kn\" title=\"Kannada\">\u0c95\u0ca8\u0ccd\u0ca8\u0ca1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pam\">Kapampangan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//km.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"km\" title=\"Ph\u00e9asa Khm\u00e9r\">\u1797\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1781\u17d2\u1798\u17c2\u179a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//avk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"avk\">Kotava</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ht.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ht\">Krey\u00f2l Ayisyen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ku.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ku\"><span lang=\"ku-Latn\">Kurd\u00ee</span> / <bdi lang=\"ku-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ckb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ckb\" title=\"Kurd\u00eey Nawend\u00ee\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ky.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ky\" title=\"Kyrgyz\u010da\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u0433\u044b\u0437\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mrj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mjr\" title=\"Kyryk Mary\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u044b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lb\">L\u00ebtzebuergesch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lij.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lij\">L\u00ecgure</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//li.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"li\">Limburgs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lmo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lmo\">Lombard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mai.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mai\" title=\"Maithil\u012b\">\u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ml\" title=\"Malayalam\">\u0d2e\u0d32\u0d2f\u0d3e\u0d33\u0d02</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xmf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xmf\" title=\"Margaluri\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mzn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mzn\" title=\"M\u00e4zeruni\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cdo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cdo\" title=\"Ming-deng-ngu\">M\u00ecng-d\u0115\u0324ng-ng\u1e73\u0304 / \u95a9\u6771\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mn\" title=\"Mongol\">\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nap\">Napulitano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//new.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"new\" title=\"Nepal Bhasa\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frr\">Nordfriisk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//oc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"oc\">Occitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mhr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mhr\" title=\"Olyk Marij\">\u041e\u043b\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//or.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"or\" title=\"O\u1e5bi\u0101\">\u0b13\u0b21\u0b3f\u0b3c\u0b06</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//as.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"as\" title=\"\u00d4x\u00f4miya\">\u0985\u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u09af\u09be\u09bc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pa\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Gurmukh\u012b)\">\u0a2a\u0a70\u0a1c\u0a3e\u0a2c\u0a40</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnb\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Sh\u0101hmukh\u012b)\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628\u06cc (\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0645\u06a9\u06be\u06cc)</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ps.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ps\" title=\"Pa\u0282to\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pms\">Piemont\u00e8is</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds\">Plattd\u00fc\u00fctsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaa\">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//crh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"crh\">Q\u0131r\u0131mtatarca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//qu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"qu\">Runa Simi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rue\" title=\"Rusin\u2019skyj\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044b\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sa\" title=\"Sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam\">\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u092e\u094d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sat\" title=\"Santali\">\u1c65\u1c5f\u1c71\u1c5b\u1c5f\u1c72\u1c64</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//skr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"skr\" title=\"Saraiki\">\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sah\" title=\"Saxa Tyla\">\u0421\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u0422\u044b\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sco.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sco\">Scots</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sn\">ChiShona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//scn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"scn\">Sicilianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//si.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"si\" title=\"Si\u1e43hala\">\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0d82\u0dc4\u0dbd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sd\" title=\"Sindh\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0646\u068c\u064a</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szl\">\u015al\u016fnski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//so.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"so\">Soomaaliga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//su.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"su\">Basa Sunda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shi\">Tacl\u1e25it</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tl\">Tagalog</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shn\">\u107d\u1083\u1087\u101e\u1083\u1087\u1010\u1086\u1038</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zgh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zgh\" title=\"Tamazight tanawayt\">\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d61\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tly.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tly\">tol\u0131\u015fi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tum.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tum\">chiTumbuka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bug\">Basa Ugi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vec.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vec\">V\u00e8neto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vo\">Volap\u00fck</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wa\">Walon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-classical.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lzh\" title=\"W\u00e9ny\u00e1n\">\u6587\u8a00</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wuu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wuu\" title=\"W\u00fay\u01d4\">\u5434\u8bed</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yi\" title=\"Yidi\u0161\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05d9\u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05d9\u05e9</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yo\">Yor\u00f9b\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//diq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"diq\">Zazaki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bat-smg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sgs\">\u017demait\u0117\u0161ka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zu\">isiZulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ne.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ne\" title=\"Nep\u0101l\u012b\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mni.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mni\">\uabc3\uabe4\uabc7\uabe9 \uabc2\uabe3\uabdf</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//lad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lad\"><span lang=\"lad-Latn\">Dzhudezmo</span> / <bdi lang=\"lad-Hebr\" dir=\"rtl\">\u05dc\u05d0\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbd\" title=\"Adighabze\">\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ang.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ang\">\u00c6nglisc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//smn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"smn\" title=\"Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2\">Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//anp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"anp\" title=\"Angika\">\u0905\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ab\" title=\"A\u1e57sshwa\">\u0410\u0525\u0441\u0448\u04d9\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-rup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rup\">arm\u00e3neashti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frp\">Arpitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//atj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"atj\">atikamekw</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arc\" title=\"\u0100t\u00fbr\u0101y\u00e2\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0710\u072c\u0718\u072a\u071d\u0710</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gn\">Ava\u00f1e\u2019\u1ebd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//av.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"av\" title=\"Avar\">\u0410\u0432\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ay\">Aymar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bbc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bbc\">Batak Toba</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bew.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bew\">Betawi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bh\" title=\"Bh\u014djapur\u012b\">\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bi\">Bislama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bo\" title=\"Bod Skad\">\u0f56\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f42</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bxr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bxr\" title=\"Buryad\">\u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0430\u0434</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cbk-x-zam\">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ny.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ny\">Chichewa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//co.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"co\">Corsu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//za.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"za\">Vahcuengh / \u8a71\u50ee</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dga\">Dagaare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//se.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"se\" title=\"Davvis\u00e1megiella\">Davvis\u00e1megiella</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pdc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pdc\">Deitsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dv\" title=\"Divehi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u078b\u07a8\u0788\u07ac\u0780\u07a8\u0784\u07a6\u0790\u07b0</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dsb\">Dolnoserbski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//myv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"myv\" title=\"Erzjanj\">\u042d\u0440\u0437\u044f\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ext.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ext\">Estreme\u00f1u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ee.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ee\">E\u028begbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gur\">Farefare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fon.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fon\">F\u0254\u0300ngb\u00e8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fur\">Furlan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gv\">Gaelg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gag\">Gagauz</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//inh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"inh\" title=\"Ghalghai\">\u0413\u04c0\u0430\u043b\u0433\u04c0\u0430\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gpe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gpe\">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ki\">G\u0129k\u0169y\u0169</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gan\" title=\"Gon ua\" data-hans=\"\u8d63\u8bed\" data-hant=\"\u8d1b\u8a9e\" class=\"jscnconv\">\u8d63\u8bed / \u8d1b\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guw\">Gungbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//got.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"got\" title=\"Gutisk\">\ud800\udf32\ud800\udf3f\ud800\udf44\ud800\udf39\ud800\udf43\ud800\udf3a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xal.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xal\" title=\"Hal\u02b9mg\">\u0425\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//haw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"haw\">\u02bb\u014clelo Hawai\u02bbi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rw\">Ikinyarwanda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iba\">Jaku Iban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbp\">Kab\u0269y\u025b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dtp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dtp\">Kadazandusun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//knc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"knc\">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//csb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"csb\">Kasz\u00ebbsczi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kw\">Kernewek</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kv\" title=\"Komi\">\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//koi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"koi\" title=\"Perem Komi\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kg\">Kongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gom.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gom\">\u0915\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0923\u0940 / Konknni</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ks.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ks\" title=\"Koshur\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0672\u0634\u064f\u0631</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gcr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gcr\">Kriy\u00f2l Gwiyannen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kge.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kge\">Kumoring</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kus.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kus\">K\u028bsaal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lo\" title=\"Phaasaa Laao\">\u0e9e\u0eb2\u0eaa\u0eb2\u0ea5\u0eb2\u0ea7</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lbe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lbe\" title=\"Lakku\">\u041b\u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ltg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ltg\">Latga\u013cu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lez.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lez\" title=\"Lezgi\">\u041b\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nia\">Li Niha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ln.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ln\">Ling\u00e1la</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lfn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lfn\">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//olo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"olo\">livvinkarjala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jbo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jbo\">lojban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lg\">Luganda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mad\">Madhur\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mt\">Malti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//btm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"btm\">Mandailing</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mi\">M\u0101ori</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fat\">Mfantse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mwl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mwl\">Mirand\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mdf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mdf\" title=\"Mok\u0161enj\">\u041c\u043e\u043a\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mnw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mnw\">\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1019\u1014\u103a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mos.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mos\">Moore</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nqo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nqo\" title=\"N'Ko\">\u07d2\u07de\u07cf</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fj\">Na Vosa Vaka-Viti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nah\">N\u0101huatlaht\u014dlli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcm\">Naij\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds-nl\">Nedersaksisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nrm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-nrm\">Nouormand / Normaund</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nov.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nov\">Novial</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//om.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"om\">Afaan Oromoo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//blk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"blk\">\u1015\u1021\u102d\u102f\u101d\u103a\u108f\u1018\u102c\u108f\u101e\u102c\u108f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pag\">Pangasin\u00e1n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ami.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ami\">Pangcah</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pap\">Papiamentu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jam\">Patois</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pfl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pfl\">Pf\u00e4lzisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcd\">Picard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//krc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"krc\" title=\"Qara\u00e7ay\u2013Malqar\">\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u2013\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ksh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ksh\">Ripoarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rm\">Rumantsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rsk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rsk\" title=\"Ruski\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szy\">Sakizaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sm\">Gagana S\u0101moa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sc\">Sardu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//trv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"trv\">Seediq</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//stq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"stq\">Seeltersk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//st.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"st\">Sesotho</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nso.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nso\">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tn\">Setswana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//syl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"syl\" title=\"Sil\u00f4\u1e6di\">\ua80d\ua824\ua81f\ua810\ua824</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cu\" title=\"Slov\u011bn\u012dsk\u016d\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0463\u0301\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044a / \u2c14\u2c0e\u2c11\u2c02\u2c21\u2c10\u2c20\u2c14\u2c0d\u2c1f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//srn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"srn\">Sranantongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ss.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ss\">SiSwati</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ty\">Reo tahiti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kab\" title=\"Taqbaylit\">Taqbaylit</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-tara.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa\">Tarand\u00edne</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tay\">Tayal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tet.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tet\">Tetun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tpi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tpi\">Tok Pisin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tok.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tok\" title=\"toki pona\">toki pona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//to.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"to\">faka Tonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tk\">T\u00fcrkmen\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tw\">Twi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kcg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kcg\">Tyap</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tyv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tyv\" title=\"Tyva dyl\">\u0422\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u044b\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//udm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"udm\" title=\"Udmurt\">\u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ug\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0626\u06c7\u064a\u063a\u06c7\u0631\u0686\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vep.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vep\">Veps\u00e4n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vro\">v\u00f5ro</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vls.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vls\">West-Vlams</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wo\">Wolof</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xh\">isiXhosa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zea.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zea\">Ze\u00eauws</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//alt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"alt\">\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//awa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"awa\">\u0905\u0935\u0927\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dty\">\u0921\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tcy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tcy\">\u0ca4\u0cc1\u0cb3\u0cc1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rki\">\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-tiny hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//bdr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bdr\">Bajau Sama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bm\">Bamanankan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ch.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ch\">Chamoru</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dz\" title=\"Rdzong-Kha\">\u0f62\u0fab\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//igl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"igl\">Igala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iu\">\u1403\u14c4\u1483\u144e\u1450\u1466 / Inuktitut</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ik.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ik\">I\u00f1upiak</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nr\" title=\"isiNdebele seSewula\">isiNdebele seSewula</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaj\">Jju</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ppl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ppl\">Nawat</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nup\">Nupe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ann.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ann\">Obolo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pi\" title=\"P\u0101\u1e37i\">\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pwn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pwn\">pinayuanan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnt\" title=\"Pontiak\u00e1\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rmy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rmy\">Romani \u010dhib</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rn\">Ikirundi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sg\">S\u00e4ng\u00f6</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tdd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tdd\" title=\"Tai ta\u026f xo\u014b\">\u1956\u196d\u1970\u1956\u196c\u1973\u1951\u1968\u1952\u1970</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ti.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ti\" title=\"T\u0259g\u0259r\u0259\u00f1a\">\u1275\u130d\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//din.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"din\">Thu\u0254\u014bj\u00e4\u014b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chr\" title=\"Tsalagi\">\u13e3\u13b3\u13a9</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chy\">Ts\u0117hesen\u0117stsestotse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ts.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ts\">Xitsonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ve.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ve\">Tshiven\u1e13a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guc\">Wayuunaiki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ady.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ady\">\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-others hlist\" data-el-section=\"other languages\">\n<a class=\"jsl10n\" href=\"https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/List_of_Wikipedias\" lang=\"\" data-jsl10n=\"other-languages-label\">Other languages</a>\n</div></div>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<hr>\n</main>\n<footer class=\"footer\" data-el-section=\"other projects\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-Wikimedia-logo_black\">\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.footer-description\">\nWikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization 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official Wikipedia app.\n</p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"app-badge app-badge-android\">\n<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer\" href=\"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia&referrer=utm_source%3Dportal%26utm_medium%3Dbutton%26anid%3Dadmob\">\n<span class=\"jsl10n sprite svg-badge_google_play_store\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.app-links.google-store\">Google Play Store</span>\n</a>\n</li>\n<li class=\"app-badge app-badge-ios\">\n<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer\" href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/app/apple-store/id324715238?pt=208305&ct=portal&mt=8\">\n<span class=\"jsl10n sprite svg-badge_ios_app_store\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.app-links.apple-store\">Apple App Store</span>\n</a>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar wikipedia25-footer-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text\">\n<span class=\"cdx-toggle-switch cdx-toggle-switch--align-switch\">\n<input id=\"wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch\" class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__input\" type=\"checkbox\" style=\"\">\n<span class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__switch\">\n<span class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__switch__grip\"></span>\n</span>\n<div class=\"cdx-toggle-switch__label cdx-label\">\n<label class=\"cdx-label__label jsl10n\" for=\"wikipedia25-birthday-mode-toggle-switch\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.birthday-mode-toggle-text\">\nBirthday mode\n</label>\n</div>\n</span>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"other-projects-nav-label\" aria-label=\"Other projects\" class=\"other-projects\">\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//commons.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Commons-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"commons.name\">Commons</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"commons.slogan\">Free media collection</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikivoyage.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikivoyage-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikivoyage.name\">Wikivoyage</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikivoyage.slogan\">Free travel guide</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wiktionary.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wiktionary-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wiktionary.name\">Wiktionary</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wiktionary.slogan\">Free dictionary</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikibooks.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikibooks-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikibooks.name\">Wikibooks</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikibooks.slogan\">Free textbooks</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikinews.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikinews-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikinews.name\">Wikinews</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikinews.slogan\">Free news source</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikidata.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikidata-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikidata.name\">Wikidata</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikidata.slogan\">Free knowledge base</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikiversity.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikiversity-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiversity.name\">Wikiversity</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiversity.slogan\">Free learning resources</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikiquote.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikiquote-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiquote.name\">Wikiquote</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikiquote.slogan\">Free quote compendium</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.mediawiki.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"mediawiki.name\">MediaWiki</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"mediawiki.slogan\">Free & open wiki software</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikisource.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikisource-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikisource.name\">Wikisource</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikisource.slogan\">Free content library</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//species.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikispecies-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikispecies.name\">Wikispecies</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikispecies.slogan\">Free species directory</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//www.wikifunctions.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Wikifunctions-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikifunctions.name\">Wikifunctions</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"wikifunctions.slogan\">Free function library</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project\">\n<a class=\"other-project-link\" href=\"//meta.wikimedia.org/\">\n<div class=\"other-project-icon\">\n<div class=\"sprite svg-Meta-Wiki-logo_sister\"></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"other-project-text\">\n<span class=\"other-project-title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"metawiki.name\">Meta-Wiki</span>\n<span class=\"other-project-tagline jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"metawiki.slogan\">Community coordination & documentation</span>\n</div>\n</a>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<hr>\n<p class=\"site-license\">\n<small class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"license\">This page is available under the <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a></small>\n<small class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"terms\"><a href=\"https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use\">Terms of Use</a></small>\n<small class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"privacy-policy\"><a href=\"https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy\">Privacy Policy</a></small>\n</p>\n</footer>\n<script>\nvar rtlLangs = ['ar','arc','ary','arz','bcc','bgn','bqi','ckb','dv','fa','glk','he','kk-cn','kk-arab','khw','ks','ku-arab','lki','luz','mzn','nqo','pnb','ps','sd','sdh','skr','ug','ur','yi'],\n translationsHash = 'dc36d003',\n /**\n * This variable is used to convert the generic \"portal\" keyword in the data-jsl10n attributes\n * e.g. 'data-jsl10n=\"portal.footer-description\"' into a portal-specific key, e.g. \"wiki\"\n * for the Wikipedia portal.\n */\n translationsPortalKey = 'wiki';\n /**\n * The wm-typeahead.js feature is used for search,and it uses domain name for searching. We want domain\n * name to be portal Specific (different for every portal).So by declaring variable 'portalSearchDomain'\n * in index.handlebars we will make this portal Specific.\n **/\n portalSearchDomain = 'wikipedia.org'\n /*\n This object is used by l10n scripts (page-localized.js, topten-localized.js)\n to reveal the page content after l10n json is loaded.\n A timer is also set to prevent JS from hiding page content indefinitelty.\n This script is inlined to safeguard againt script loading errors and placed\n at the top of the page to safeguard against any HTML loading/parsing errors.\n */\n wmL10nVisible = {\n ready: false,\n makeVisible: function(){\n if ( !wmL10nVisible.ready ) {\n wmL10nVisible.ready = true;\n document.body.className += ' jsl10n-visible';\n }\n }\n };\n window.setTimeout( wmL10nVisible.makeVisible, 1000 )\n</script>\n<script src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/js/index-90de98612a.js\"></script>\n<script src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/js/gt-ie9-507b16b6be.js\"></script>\n<style>\n.styled-select {\n display: block;\n }\n</style>\n\n\n</body></html>",
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"date": "Tue, 24 Mar 2026 01:40:57 GMT",
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"x-cache": "cp1104 miss, cp1104 hit/1334377",
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"x-request-id": "215b52eb-3554-429f-9de8-d9988b4e2853"
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"scraper_data": null,
"scraperouter": null,
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}Page Title
Wikipedia
# Wikipedia **The Free Encyclopedia** # Wikipedia **25 years of the free encyclopedia** [ **English** 7,141,000+ articles ](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English — Wikipedia — The Free Encyclopedia") [ **日本語** 1,491,000+ 記事 ](//ja.wikipedia.org/ "Nihongo — ウィキペディア — フリー百科事典") [ **Deutsch** 3.099.000+ Artikel ](//de.wikipedia.org/ "Deutsch — Wikipedia — Die freie Enzyklopädie") [ **Русский** 2 087 000+ статей ](//ru.wikipedia.org/ "Russkiy — Википедия — Свободная энциклопедия") [ **Français** 2 740 000+ articles ](//fr.wikipedia.org/ "Français — Wikipédia — L’encyclopédie libre") [ **Español** 2.095.000+ artículos ](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español — Wikipedia — La enciclopedia libre") [ **Italiano** 1.957.000+ voci ](//it.wikipedia.org/ "Italiano — Wikipedia — L'enciclopedia libera") [ **中文** 1,524,000+ 条目 / 條目 ](//zh.wikipedia.org/ "Zhōngwén — 维基百科 / 維基百科 — 自由的百科全书 / 自由的百科全書") [ **Português** 1.165.000+ artigos ](//pt.wikipedia.org/ "Português — Wikipédia — A Enciclopédia Livre") [ **Polski** 1 685 000+ haseł ](//pl.wikipedia.org/ "Polski — Wikipedia — Wolna encyklopedia") Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! ## Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! Learn more Search Wikipedia en Afrikaans Shqip العربية Asturianu Azərbaycanca Български 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú বাংলা Беларуская Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά English Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Ladin Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски Malagasy मराठी مصرى Bahasa Melayu Bahaso Minangkabau မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本語 Norsk (bokmål) Norsk (nynorsk) Нохчийн Oʻzbekcha / Ўзбекча Polski Português Қазақша / Qazaqşa / قازاقشا Română Simple English Sinugboanong Binisaya Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Kiswahili தமிழ் Татарча / Tatarça తెలుగు ภาษาไทย Тоҷикӣ تۆرکجه Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Winaray 中文 Русский 粵語 __ _Search_ __ Read Wikipedia in your language __ ## 1,000,000+ articles * [العربية](//ar.wikipedia.org/ "Al-ʿArabīyah") * [Deutsch](//de.wikipedia.org/) * [English](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English") * [Español](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español") * [فارسی](//fa.wikipedia.org/ "Fārsi") * [Français](//fr.wikipedia.org/) * [Italiano](//it.wikipedia
Page Title
Wikipedia
Response Headers
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"age": "62192",
"cache-control": "s-maxage=86400, must-revalidate, max-age=3600",
"content-encoding": "gzip",
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"date": "Tue, 24 Mar 2026 01:40:57 GMT",
"etag": "W/\"1fb73-64b80643ed380\"",
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}Request Options
{
"proxy": {
"type": "datacenter"
},
"scraper_options": {
"network_requests": true
},
"screenshot": true,
"url": "https://wikipedia.org"
}3 requests captured
| Method | URL | Status | Type | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GET |
https://www.wikipedia.org/
3rd-party
|
200 | document | 0.14s |
| GET |
https://www.wikipedia.org/portal/wikipedia.org/assets/js/index-90de98612a.js
3rd-party
|
200 | script | 0.24s |
| GET |
https://www.wikipedia.org/portal/wikipedia.org/assets/js/gt-ie9-507b16b6be.js
3rd-party
|
200 | script | 0.23s |
Protections
No protection findings were detected for this method.
Structured Metadata
Open Graph
[
{
"namespace": {
"og": "http://ogp.me/ns#"
},
"properties": [
[
"og:url",
""
],
[
"og:title",
"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"
],
[
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"website"
],
[
"og:description",
"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation."
],
[
"og:image",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png"
]
]
}
]Scraper Response Data
Response payload
{
"content": "<!DOCTYPE html><html lang=\"en\" class=\"js-enabled wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled\"><head>\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikipedia</title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<script class=\"69c23e170f1457860de592f6ff155608f896bc79\" id=\"527cbdcd91de65366ad87c5513d79c336b6b7e9c87b6\" type=\"text/javascript\">document.getElementById(\"527cbdcd91de65366ad87c5513d79c336b6b7e9c87b6\")?.remove();(() => { // Create a function that looks like a native getter\nconst nativeGetter = function get webdriver() {\n return false;\n};\n\n// Copy over native function properties\nObject.defineProperties(nativeGetter, {\n name: { value: 'get webdriver', configurable: true },\n length: { value: 0, configurable: true },\n toString: {\n value: function() {\n return `function get webdriver() { [native code] }`;\n },\n configurable: true\n }\n});\n\n// Make it look native\nObject.setPrototypeOf(nativeGetter, Function.prototype);\n\n// Apply the modified descriptor\nObject.defineProperty(Navigator.prototype, 'webdriver', {\n get: nativeGetter,\n set: undefined,\n enumerable: true,\n configurable: true\n}); })();</script><script>\ndocument.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( /(^|\\s)no-js(\\s|$)/, \"$1js-enabled$2\" );\n /**\n * Initialize Wikipedia25. Check if disabled via cookie; if\n * active, apply the enabled class and randomly assign a video variant class\n */\n (function() {\n var cookieName = 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-disabled';\n if ( document.cookie.indexOf( cookieName + '=1' ) === -1 ) {\n document.documentElement.classList.add( 'wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled' );\n }\n })();\n</script>\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"initial-scale=1,user-scalable=yes\">\n<link rel=\"apple-touch-icon\" href=\"/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png\">\n<link rel=\"shortcut icon\" href=\"/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico\">\n<link rel=\"license\" href=\"//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\">\n<style>\n.sprite{background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/sprite-e49fbf32.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.svg-Commons-logo_sister{background-position:0 0;width:47px;height:47px}.svg-MediaWiki-logo_sister{background-position:0 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- 4px);--size-icon-small:var(--font-size-medium);--size-icon-medium:calc(var(--font-size-medium) + 4px);--size-toggle-switch-grip:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--box-shadow-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-top:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-top) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-small-bottom:var(--box-shadow-outset-small-bottom) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--box-shadow-large:var(--box-shadow-outset-large-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-large-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base);--accent-color-base:#36c;--position-offset-border-width-base:-var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button:var(--spacing-75) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-icon-only:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small-icon-only:var(--spacing-12) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-small:var(--spacing-35) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-button-large:var(--spacing-100) - var(--border-width-base);--spacing-horizontal-input-text-two-end-icons:calc(var(--spacing-50)*2 + var(--size-icon-small));--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure:var(--spacing-75);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-start:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*0.375);--spacing-toggle-switch-grip-end:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*1.25);--border-color-input--hover:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary:var(--border-color-interactive);--border-color-input-binary--hover:var(--border-color-progressive--hover);--border-color-input-binary--active:var(--border-color-progressive--active);--border-color-input-binary--focus:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);--border-color-input-binary--checked:var(--border-color-progressive);--border-base:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-base);--border-subtle:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-subtle);--border-progressive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-progressive);--border-destructive:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-destructive);--border-transparent:var(--border-width-base) var(--border-style-base) var(--border-color-transparent);--outline-base--focus:var(--border-width-base) solid transparent;--width-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*3);--height-toggle-switch:calc(var(--font-size-medium)*2);--spacing-start-typeahead-search-icon:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure)/2 - var(--min-size-icon-medium)/2);--spacing-typeahead-search-focus-addition:calc(var(--spacing-start-typeahead-search-figure) + var(--min-size-search-figure) - var(--min-size-icon-medium) - var(--spacing-50));--color-base--subtle:#54595d;--box-shadow-drop-xx-large:0 20px 48px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--font-family-sans:\"Helvetica Neue\",\"Helvetica\",\"Liberation Sans\",\"Arial\",sans-serif;--line-height-xxx-small:1.4285714rem;--line-height-xx-small:1.5714285rem;--box-shadow-drop-small:var(--box-shadow-outset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-base);--box-shadow-drop-medium:var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-below) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),var(--box-shadow-outset-medium-around) var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}@media only screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--color-base:#eaecf0;--color-base--hover:#f8f9fa;--color-emphasized:#f8f9fa;--color-subtle:#a2a9b1;--color-disabled:#54595d;--color-disabled-emphasized:#72777d;--color-inverted:#101418;--color-progressive:#88a3e8;--color-progressive--hover:#a6bbf5;--color-progressive--active:#b6d4fb;--color-destructive:#fd7865;--color-destructive--hover:#fea898;--color-destructive--active:#ffc8bd;--color-visited:#a799cd;--color-visited--hover:#c5b9dd;--color-visited--active:#d9d0e9;--color-destructive--visited:#c99391;--color-destructive--visited--hover:#dcb5b3;--color-destructive--visited--active:#e8cecd;--color-error:#fd7865;--color-error--hover:#fea898;--color-error--active:#ffc8bd;--color-warning:#ca982e;--color-success:#2cb491;--color-notice:#a2a9b1;--color-content-added:#80cdb3;--color-content-removed:#fd7865;--color-base--subtle:#a2a9b1;--box-shadow-color-base:#72777d;--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected:#88a3e8;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--hover:#a6bbf5;--box-shadow-color-progressive-selected--active:#b6d4fb;--box-shadow-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--box-shadow-color-inverted:#000;--box-shadow-color-alpha-base:rgba(0,0,0,0.87);--mix-blend-mode-blend:screen;--background-color-base:#101418;--background-color-neutral:#27292d;--background-color-neutral-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive:#27292d;--background-color-interactive--hover:#404244;--background-color-interactive--active:#54595d;--background-color-interactive-subtle:#202122;--background-color-interactive-subtle--hover:#27292d;--background-color-interactive-subtle--active:#404244;--background-color-disabled:#404244;--background-color-disabled-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-inverted:#f8f9fa;--background-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-progressive-subtle:#1b223d;--background-color-progressive-subtle--hover:#233566;--background-color-progressive-subtle--active:#3056a9;--background-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--background-color-destructive-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-destructive-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-destructive-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-error-subtle:#3c1a13;--background-color-error-subtle--hover:#612419;--background-color-error-subtle--active:#9f3526;--background-color-warning-subtle:#2d2212;--background-color-success-subtle:#132821;--background-color-notice-subtle:#27292d;--background-color-content-added:#233566;--background-color-content-removed:#453217;--background-color-backdrop-light:rgba(0,0,0,0.65);--background-color-backdrop-dark:hsla(0,0%,100%,0.65);--border-color-base:#72777d;--border-color-emphasized:#eaecf0;--border-color-subtle:#54595d;--border-color-muted:#404244;--border-color-interactive--hover:#a2a9b1;--border-color-interactive--active:#c8ccd1;--border-color-disabled:#54595d;--border-color-inverted:#101418;--border-color-progressive--hover:#88a3e8;--border-color-progressive--active:#a6bbf5;--border-color-progressive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-destructive--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-destructive--active:#fea898;--border-color-destructive--focus:#6485d1;--border-color-error--hover:#fd7865;--border-color-error--active:#fea898;--border-color-warning--hover:#ca982e;--border-color-warning--active:#edb537;--border-color-content-added:#233566;--border-color-content-removed:#987027}}:root{--color-print--visited:#520;--ss-pos-top:1rem;--ss-pos-right:1.2rem;--ss-pos-bottom:1.2rem;--ss-width:9.5rem;--ss-height:2.4rem;--ss-select-width:11rem;--ss-select-z-index:1;--ss-button-z-index:2}html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;font-size:62.5%}body{margin:0}details,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}b,strong{font-weight:700}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:3.2rem;margin:1.2rem 0}small{font-size:1.3rem}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-.5em}sub{bottom:-.25em}figure{margin:1.6rem 4rem}hr{box-sizing:content-box}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:var(--font-family-monospace--fallback);font-size:1.4rem}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:none;box-sizing:content-box}input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}input[type=search]:focus{outline-offset:-2px}fieldset{border:var(--border-base);margin:0 .2rem;padding:.6rem 1rem 1.2rem}legend{padding:0}optgroup{font-weight:700}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}.hidden{display:none!important}.screen-reader-text{display:block;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;padding:0;overflow:hidden}body{background-color:var(--background-color-base);color:var(--color-base);font-family:var(--font-family-system-sans);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.5;margin:.4rem 0 1.6rem}main{padding:0 1.28rem}a{touch-action:manipulation}a,a:active,a:focus{unicode-bidi:embed;outline:0;color:var(--color-progressive);text-decoration:none}a:focus{outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}img{vertical-align:middle}hr,img{border:0}hr{clear:both;height:0;border-bottom:var(--border-subtle);margin:.26rem 0}.pure-button{display:inline-block;zoom:1;line-height:normal;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-drag:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);color:var(--color-base);position:relative;min-height:1.92rem;min-width:1.6rem;margin:.16rem 0;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:top;transition:background .1s ease,color .1s ease,border-color .1s ease,box-shadow .1s ease}.pure-button::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border:0}.pure-button-hover,.pure-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base);border-color:var(--border-color-base);color:var(--color-base--hover)}.pure-button-active,.pure-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);border-color:var(--border-color-interactive);color:var(--color-emphasized)}.pure-button:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-button-primary-progressive{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive);color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:hover{background:var(--background-color-progressive--hover);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--hover)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:active{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive--active);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--active);box-shadow:none;color:var(--color-inverted)}.pure-button-primary-progressive:focus{box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus),var(--box-shadow-inset-medium) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus)}.pure-form input[type=search]{background-color:var(--background-color-base);display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-inverted);vertical-align:middle}.pure-form input:focus:invalid{color:var(--color-error);border-color:var(--border-color-error)}.pure-form fieldset{margin:0;padding:.56rem 0 1.2rem;border:0}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.pure-form input[type=search]{display:block}}.central-textlogo-wrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:bottom}.central-textlogo{position:relative;margin:4rem auto .5rem;width:270px;font-family:Linux Libertine,Hoefler Text,Georgia,Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:3rem;font-weight:400;line-height:3.3rem;text-align:center;font-feature-settings:\"ss05\"}.localized-slogan{display:block;font-family:var(--font-family-serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400}.central-textlogo__image{color:transparent;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;text-indent:-10000px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.central-textlogo__image{filter:url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\"><filter id=\"filter\"><feComponentTransfer color-interpolation-filters=\"sRGB\"><feFuncR type=\"table\" tableValues=\"1 0\" /><feFuncG type=\"table\" tableValues=\"1 0\" /><feFuncB type=\"table\" tableValues=\"1 0\" /></feComponentTransfer></filter></svg>#filter');-webkit-filter:invert(100%);filter:invert(100%)}}.central-featured-logo{position:absolute;top:158px;left:35px}@media (max-width:480px){.central-textlogo{position:relative;height:70px;width:auto;margin:2rem 0 0;text-align:center;line-height:2.5rem;text-indent:-1rem;font-size:1em}.central-textlogo-wrapper{position:relative;top:12px;text-indent:.2rem}.svg-Wikipedia_wordmark{width:150px;height:25px;background-position:0 -260px;background-size:100%}.localized-slogan{font-size:1.4rem}.central-featured-logo{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:57px;height:auto;left:0;top:0}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-textlogo__image{height:auto}}.central-featured{position:relative;height:32.5rem;width:54.6rem;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.central-featured-lang{position:absolute;width:15.6rem}.central-featured-lang .link-box{display:block;border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);padding:0;text-decoration:none;white-space:normal}.central-featured-lang .link-box:hover strong{text-decoration:underline}.central-featured-lang :hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive)}.central-featured-lang strong{display:block;font-size:1.6rem}.central-featured-lang small{color:var(--color-subtle);display:inline-block;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.6}.central-featured-lang em{font-style:italic}.central-featured-lang .emNonItalicLang{font-style:normal}.lang1{top:0;right:60%}.lang2{top:0;left:60%}.lang3{top:20%;right:70%}.lang4{top:20%;left:70%}.lang5{top:40%;right:72%}.lang6{top:40%;left:72%}.lang7{top:60%;right:70%}.lang8{top:60%;left:70%}.lang9{top:80%;right:60%}.lang10{top:80%;left:60%}@media (max-width:480px){.central-featured{width:auto;height:auto;margin-top:8rem;font-size:1.3rem;text-align:left}.central-featured:after{content:\" \";display:block;visibility:hidden;clear:both;height:0;font-size:0}.central-featured-lang{display:block;float:left;position:relative;top:auto;left:auto;right:auto;box-sizing:border-box;height:6.4rem;width:33%;margin:0 0 16px;padding:0 1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;text-align:center}.central-featured-lang strong{font-size:1.4rem;margin-bottom:4px}.central-featured-lang small{line-height:1.4}}@media (max-width:375px){.central-featured-lang{font-size:1.3rem}}@media (max-width:240px){.central-featured-lang{width:100%}}.search-container{float:none;max-width:95%;width:540px;margin:.4rem auto 1.95rem;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.search-container fieldset{word-spacing:-4px}.search-container button{min-height:4.4rem;margin:0;border-radius:0 var(--border-radius-base) var(--border-radius-base) 0;padding:.8rem 1.6rem;font-size:1.6rem;z-index:var(--ss-button-z-index)}.search-container button .svg-search-icon{text-indent:-9999px}.search-container input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-button,.search-container input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}.search-container input::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{display:none}.search-container .sprite.svg-arrow-down{position:absolute;top:.8rem;right:.6rem}#searchInput{-webkit-appearance:none;width:100%;height:4.4rem;border-left-width:var(--border-width-base);border-bottom-width:var(--border-width-base);border-right-width:0;border-top-width:var(--border-width-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base) 0 0 var(--border-radius-base);padding:.8rem 9.6rem .8rem 1.2rem;font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.6;transition:background .1s ease,border-color .1s ease,box-shadow .1s ease}#searchInput:hover{border-color:var(--border-color-interactive)}#searchInput:focus{border-color:var(--border-color-progressive);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus);outline:var(--outline-base--focus)}.search-container .search-input{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:73%;vertical-align:top}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){.search-container .pure-form fieldset{margin-left:1rem;margin-right:6.6rem}.search-container .search-input{width:100%;margin-right:-6.6rem}.search-container .pure-form button{float:right;right:-5.6rem}}.suggestions-dropdown{background-color:var(--background-color-base);display:inline-block;position:absolute;left:0;z-index:2;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:var(--border-base);border-top:0;box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-drop-medium);text-align:left;list-style-type:none;word-spacing:normal}.suggestion-link{display:block;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;min-height:7rem;width:100%;padding:1rem 1rem 1rem 8.5rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle);color:inherit;text-decoration:none;text-align:initial;white-space:normal}.suggestion-link.active{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle)}a.suggestion-link:hover{text-decoration:none}a.suggestion-link:active,a.suggestion-link:focus{outline:0;white-space:normal}.suggestion-thumbnail{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(\"data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 56 56'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23eee' d='M0 0h56v56H0z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23999' d='M36.4 13.5H17.8v24.9c0 1.4.9 2.3 2.3 2.3h18.7v-25c.1-1.4-1-2.2-2.4-2.2zM30.2 17h5.1v6.4h-5.1V17zm-8.8 0h6v1.8h-6V17zm0 4.6h6v1.8h-6v-1.8zm0 15.5v-1.8h13.8v1.8H21.4zm13.8-4.5H21.4v-1.8h13.8v1.8zm0-4.7H21.4v-1.8h13.8v1.8z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E\");background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:100% auto;background-size:cover;height:100%;width:7rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.suggestion-title{margin:0 0 .78rem;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.872rem}.suggestion-link.active .suggestion-title{color:var(--color-progressive)}.suggestion-highlight{font-style:normal;text-decoration:underline}.suggestion-description{color:var(--color-placeholder);margin:0;font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.43rem}.styled-select{display:none;position:absolute;top:var(--ss-pos-top);bottom:var(--ss-pos-bottom);right:var(--ss-pos-right);max-width:var(--ss-width);height:var(--ss-height);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base)}.styled-select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select .hide-arrow{right:3.2rem;max-width:6.8rem;height:var(--ss-height);overflow:hidden;text-align:right}.styled-select select{background:transparent;display:inline;overflow:hidden;height:var(--ss-height);min-width:var(--ss-select-width);max-width:var(--ss-select-width);width:var(--ss-select-width);box-sizing:border-box;border:0;line-height:var(--ss-height);-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:window;text-indent:.01px;text-overflow:\"\";opacity:0;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;cursor:pointer}.styled-select.no-js{width:var(--ss-width)}.styled-select.no-js select{opacity:1;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem;color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.no-js .hide-arrow{width:6.8rem}.search-container .styled-select.no-js .js-langpicker-label{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled .hide-arrow{padding:0 2.4rem 0 .8rem}.styled-select.js-enabled select{background:transparent;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;z-index:var(--ss-select-z-index);width:100%;border:0;margin:0;padding:0 2.4rem;color:transparent;color:hsla(0,0%,100%,0)}.styled-select.js-enabled select option{color:var(--color-subtle)}.styled-select.js-enabled select:hover{background-color:transparent}.styled-select-active-helper{display:none}.styled-select.js-enabled select:focus+.styled-select-active-helper{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:0;width:100%;height:100%;outline:1px solid var(--outline-color-progressive--focus)}.search-container .js-langpicker-label{display:inline-block;margin:0;color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.3rem;line-height:var(--ss-height);text-transform:uppercase}.styled-select select:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)}.styled-select select:focus{outline:var(--outline-base--focus);box-shadow:none}@-moz-document url-prefix(){.styled-select select{width:110%}}.other-projects{display:inline-block;width:65%}.other-project{float:left;position:relative;width:33%;height:9rem}.other-project-link{display:inline-block;min-height:50px;width:90%;padding:1em;white-space:nowrap}.other-project-link:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive)}a.other-project-link{text-decoration:none}.other-project-icon{display:inline-block;width:50px;text-align:center}.svg-Wikinews-logo_sister{background-image:url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikinews-logo_sister.png);background-position:0 0;background-size:47px 26px;width:47px;height:26px}@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.25),(min-resolution:120dpi){.svg-Wikinews-logo_sister{background-image:url(portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikinews-logo_sister@2x.png)}}.other-project-text,.other-project .sprite-project-logos{display:inline-block}.other-project-text{max-width:65%;font-size:1.4rem;vertical-align:middle;white-space:normal}.other-project-tagline,.other-project-title{display:block}.other-project-tagline{color:var(--color-subtle);font-size:1.3rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.other-projects{width:100%}.other-project{width:33%}}@media screen and (max-width:480px){.other-project{width:50%}.other-project-tagline{-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto}}@media screen and (max-width:320px){.other-project-text{margin-right:5px;font-size:1.3rem}}.lang-list-container{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);overflow:hidden;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;max-height:0;width:80%;margin:-1.6rem auto 4.8rem;transition:max-height .5s ease-out .16s,visibility .5s ease-in 1s}.js-enabled .lang-list-container{visibility:hidden}.lang-list-active .lang-list-container,.no-js .lang-list-container{visibility:visible;max-height:10000px;transition:max-height 1s ease-in .2s,visibility 1000s ease-in 0ms}.no-js .lang-list-button{display:none}.lang-list-button-wrapper{text-align:center}.lang-list-button{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);display:inline;position:relative;z-index:1;margin:0 auto;padding:.6rem 1.2rem;outline:1.6rem solid var(--background-color-base);border:var(--border-base);border-radius:var(--border-radius-base);color:var(--color-progressive);font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1;transition:outline-width .1s ease-in .5s}.lang-list-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base);border-color:var(--border-color-base)}.lang-list-button:focus{border-color:var(--border-color-progressive--focus);box-shadow:var(--box-shadow-inset-small) var(--box-shadow-color-progressive--focus)}.lang-list-active .lang-list-button{background-color:var(--background-color-base);outline:1px solid var(--border-color-inverted);border-color:var(--border-color-interactive);transition-delay:0s}.lang-list-button-text{padding:0 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.1rem;font-family:var(--font-family-serif);font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);line-height:2.1rem}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-slogan{color:var(--color-inverted);background-color:#ffe49c}}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-slogan{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:2rem;text-indent:0}}.wikipedia25-video{position:absolute;width:20rem;height:20rem;top:14.1rem;left:3.5rem;object-position:bottom}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-video{position:relative;display:block;width:10rem;height:10rem;left:auto;top:auto;margin:0 auto;cursor:pointer}.wikipedia25-videologo .central-textlogo-wrapper{margin:var(--spacing-50) var(--spacing-0) var(--spacing-0) var(--spacing-0)}}.wikipedia25-play-button{display:none;position:absolute;min-width:2.4rem;min-height:2.4rem;z-index:1}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{display:flex;top:30rem;left:12.3rem}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-play-button{top:8.6rem;left:calc(50% - 1.2rem)}}.wikipedia25-cta-container{display:none;text-align:center;margin:.96rem 0 2.4rem}.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{display:block}@media (max-width:480px){.wikipedia25-birthday-mode-enabled .wikipedia25-cta-container{margin:0 0 2.4rem}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--color-base);background-color:var(--background-color-content-removed);white-space:normal}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button{color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);background-color:#ffe49c}}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive);color:var(--color-progressive--hover)}.wikipedia25-cta-container .cdx-button:active{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive--active);color:var(--color-progressive--active)}.wikipedia25-cta-description{max-width:45rem;margin:1.2rem auto 0;font-size:1.2rem;line-height:2rem;text-align:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-content{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle);display:flex;justify-content:center}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .footer-sidebar-text{padding:.8rem 2rem;width:100%;max-width:350px;text-align:start;--font-size-medium:1.6rem}.wikipedia25-footer-sidebar .cdx-toggle-switch__label{font-size:1.3rem}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.footer .wikipedia25-footer-sidebar{order:3}}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog-backdrop{--font-size-medium:1.6rem;--line-height-medium:2.6rem;--font-size-x-large:2rem;--line-height-x-large:3rem}.wikipedia25-modal-container .cdx-dialog{width:calc(100% - 2rem);height:unset;max-width:32rem;max-height:calc(100vh - 2.5rem);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 4px 8px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base),0 0 16px 0 var(--box-shadow-color-alpha-base)}\n</style>\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org\">\n<link rel=\"me\" href=\"https://wikis.world/@wikipedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"\">\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\">\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\">\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.\">\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/2244px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org\"></head>\n<body id=\"www-wikipedia-org\" class=\" jsl10n-visible\">\n<main>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo\">\n<img class=\"central-featured-logo\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2.png\" srcset=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@1.5x.png 1.5x, portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/Wikipedia-logo-v2@2x.png 2x\" width=\"200\" height=\"183\" alt=\"\">\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n localized-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.slogan\">The Free Encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<div class=\"central-textlogo wikipedia25-videologo\">\n<video id=\"wikipedia25-video\" class=\"wikipedia25-video\" data-idle-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-light.webm\" data-idle-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm\" data-click-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-light.webm\" data-click-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-click-dark.webm\" data-poster-light=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-light.webp\" data-poster-dark=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" muted=\"\" playsinline=\"\" poster=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-poster-dark.webp\" src=\"portal/wikipedia.org/assets/img/wikipedia25-synthesizer-idle-dark.webm\">\n</video>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-play-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--framed jsl10n wikipedia25-play-button\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.play-button-text\" aria-label=\"Play\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--small\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g><path d=\"M4.55 19A1 1 0 013 18.13V1.87A1 1 0 014.55 1l12.2 8.13a1 1 0 010 1.7z\"></path></g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n<h1 class=\"central-textlogo-wrapper\">\n<span class=\"central-textlogo__image sprite svg-Wikipedia_wordmark\">\nWikipedia\n</span>\n<strong class=\"jsl10n wikipedia25-slogan\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.slogan\">25 years of the free encyclopedia</strong>\n</h1>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"top-ten-nav-label\" aria-label=\"Top languages\" class=\"central-featured\" data-el-section=\"primary links\">\n<!-- #1. en.wikipedia.org - 1,662,960,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang1\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-en\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"English \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 The Free Encyclopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"The Free Encyclopedia\">\n<strong>English</strong>\n<small>7,141,000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #2. ja.wikipedia.org - 205,252,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang2\" lang=\"ja\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ja\" href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Nihongo \u2014 \u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30da\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2 \u2014 \u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178\">\n<strong>\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</strong>\n<small>1,491,000+ <span>\u8a18\u4e8b</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #3. de.wikipedia.org - 173,570,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang3\" lang=\"de\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-de\" href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Deutsch \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Die freie Enzyklop\u00e4die\">\n<strong>Deutsch</strong>\n<small>3.099.000+ <span>Artikel</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #4. ru.wikipedia.org - 154,560,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang4\" lang=\"ru\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-ru\" href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Russkiy \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\">\n<strong>\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</strong>\n<small>2 087 000+ <span>\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #5. fr.wikipedia.org - 147,379,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang5\" lang=\"fr\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-fr\" href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Fran\u00e7ais \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die libre\">\n<strong>Fran\u00e7ais</strong>\n<small>2\u202f740\u202f000+ <span>articles</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #6. es.wikipedia.org - 125,656,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang6\" lang=\"es\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-es\" href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 La enciclopedia libre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"La enciclopedia libre\">\n<strong>Espa\u00f1ol</strong>\n<small>2.095.000+ <span>art\u00edculos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #7. it.wikipedia.org - 91,026,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang7\" lang=\"it\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-it\" href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Italiano \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 L'enciclopedia libera\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"L'enciclopedia libera\">\n<strong>Italiano</strong>\n<small>1.957.000+ <span>voci</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #8. zh.wikipedia.org - 84,039,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang8\" lang=\"zh\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-zh\" href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n \u2014 \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 / \u7dad\u57fa\u767e\u79d1 \u2014 \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\" class=\"link-box localize-variant\" data-slogan=\"\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66 / \u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\">\n<strong>\u4e2d\u6587</strong>\n<small>1,524,000+ <span>\u6761\u76ee / \u689d\u76ee</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #9. pt.wikipedia.org - 46,289,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang9\" lang=\"pt\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pt\" href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Portugu\u00eas \u2014 Wikip\u00e9dia \u2014 A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"A Enciclop\u00e9dia Livre\">\n<strong>Portugu\u00eas</strong>\n<small>1.165.000+ <span>artigos</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n<!-- #10. pl.wikipedia.org - 46,221,000 views/day -->\n<div class=\"central-featured-lang lang10\" lang=\"pl\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<a id=\"js-link-box-pl\" href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" title=\"Polski \u2014 Wikipedia \u2014 Wolna encyklopedia\" class=\"link-box\" data-slogan=\"Wolna encyklopedia\">\n<strong>Polski</strong>\n<small>1 685 000+ <span>hase\u0142</span></small>\n</a>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-container\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-cta-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-text\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</button>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-cta-description jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-cta-description\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"wikipedia25-modal-container\">\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-backdrop\" class=\"cdx-dialog-backdrop hidden\">\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-start\"></div>\n<div id=\"wikipedia25-dialog\" class=\"cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--vertical-actions\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" aria-modal=\"true\">\n<header class=\"cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title-group\">\n<h2 id=\"wikipedia25-modal-title\" class=\"cdx-dialog__header__title jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.title\">\nUnlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia\n</h2>\n</div>\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-close-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button jsl10n\" type=\"button\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.close-button-text\" aria-label=\"Close\">\n<span class=\"cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<g>\n<path d=\"m4.34 2.93 12.73 12.73-1.41 1.41L2.93 4.35z\"></path>\n<path d=\"M17.07 4.34 4.34 17.07l-1.41-1.41L15.66 2.93z\"></path>\n</g>\n</svg></span>\n</button>\n</header>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog-focus-trap\" tabindex=\"-1\"></div>\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__body cdx-scrollable-container jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.text\">\nLearn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together!\n</div>\n<footer class=\"cdx-dialog__footer cdx-dialog__footer--default\">\n<div class=\"cdx-dialog__footer__actions\">\n<button id=\"wikipedia25-dialog-primary-button\" class=\"cdx-button cdx-button--action-progressive cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--framed cdx-dialog__footer__primary-action jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.wikipedia25.launch-modal.primary-button-text\">\nLearn more\n</button>\n</div>\n</footer>\n</div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" class=\"wikipedia25-dialog-focus-trap-end\"></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div role=\"search\" class=\"search-container\">\n<form class=\"pure-form\" id=\"search-form\" action=\"//www.wikipedia.org/search-redirect.php\" data-el-section=\"search\">\n<fieldset>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"family\" value=\"wikipedia\">\n<div class=\"search-input\" id=\"search-input\">\n<label for=\"searchInput\" class=\"screen-reader-text\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.search-input-label\">Search Wikipedia</label>\n<input id=\"searchInput\" name=\"search\" type=\"search\" size=\"20\" autofocus=\"autofocus\" accesskey=\"F\" dir=\"auto\" autocomplete=\"off\" style=\"padding-right: 64px;\">\n<div class=\" styled-select js-enabled\">\n<div class=\"hide-arrow\">\n<label for=\"searchLanguage\" id=\"jsLangLabel\" class=\"js-langpicker-label\">en</label><select id=\"searchLanguage\" name=\"language\">\n<option value=\"af\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</option>\n<option value=\"sq\" lang=\"sq\">Shqip</option><!-- Anglisht -->\n<option value=\"ar\" lang=\"ar\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</option><!-- Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah -->\n<option value=\"ast\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</option>\n<option value=\"az\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</option>\n<option value=\"bg\" lang=\"bg\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- B\u01celgarski -->\n<option value=\"nan\" lang=\"nan\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</option><!-- B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa -->\n<option value=\"bn\" lang=\"bn\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</option><!-- Bangla -->\n<option value=\"be\" lang=\"be\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</option><!-- Belaruskaya -->\n<option value=\"ca\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</option>\n<option value=\"cs\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</option>\n<option value=\"cy\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</option>\n<option value=\"da\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</option>\n<option value=\"de\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</option>\n<option value=\"et\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</option>\n<option value=\"el\" lang=\"el\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</option><!-- Ell\u012bnik\u00e1 -->\n<option value=\"en\" lang=\"en\" selected=\"selected\">English</option><!-- English -->\n<option value=\"es\" lang=\"es\">Espa\u00f1ol</option><!-- Espa\u00f1ol -->\n<option value=\"eo\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</option>\n<option value=\"eu\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</option>\n<option value=\"fa\" lang=\"fa\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</option><!-- F\u0101rsi -->\n<option value=\"fr\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</option>\n<option value=\"gl\" lang=\"gl\">Galego</option><!-- Galego -->\n<option value=\"ko\" lang=\"ko\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</option><!-- Hangugeo -->\n<option value=\"hy\" lang=\"hy\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</option><!-- Hayeren -->\n<option value=\"hi\" lang=\"hi\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</option><!-- Hind\u012b -->\n<option value=\"hr\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</option>\n<option value=\"id\" lang=\"id\">Bahasa Indonesia</option><!-- Bahasa Inggris -->\n<option value=\"it\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</option>\n<option value=\"he\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</option><!-- Ivrit -->\n<option value=\"ka\" lang=\"ka\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</option><!-- Kartuli -->\n<option value=\"lld\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</option>\n<option value=\"la\" lang=\"la\">Latina</option>\n<option value=\"lv\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</option>\n<option value=\"lt\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</option>\n<option value=\"hu\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</option>\n<option value=\"mk\" lang=\"mk\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</option><!-- Makedonski -->\n<option value=\"mg\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</option>\n<option value=\"mr\" lang=\"mr\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</option><!-- Marathi -->\n<option value=\"arz\" lang=\"arz\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</option><!-- Ma\u1e63r\u012b -->\n<option value=\"ms\" lang=\"ms\">Bahasa Melayu</option><!-- Bahasa Melayu -->\n<option value=\"min\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</option>\n<option value=\"my\" lang=\"my\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</option><!-- Myanmarsar -->\n<option value=\"nl\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</option>\n<option value=\"ja\" lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</option><!-- Nihongo -->\n<option value=\"no\" lang=\"nb\">Norsk (bokm\u00e5l)</option>\n<option value=\"nn\" lang=\"nn\">Norsk (nynorsk)</option>\n<option value=\"ce\" lang=\"ce\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</option><!-- Nox\u00e7iyn -->\n<option value=\"uz\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</option>\n<option value=\"pl\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</option>\n<option value=\"pt\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</option>\n<option value=\"kk\" lang=\"kk\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430 / Qazaq\u015fa / \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</option>\n<option value=\"ro\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</option>\n<option value=\"simple\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</option>\n<option value=\"ceb\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</option>\n<option value=\"sk\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</option>\n<option value=\"sl\" lang=\"sl\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</option><!-- Sloven\u0161\u010dina -->\n<option value=\"sr\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</option>\n<option value=\"sh\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</option>\n<option value=\"fi\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</option>\n<option value=\"sv\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</option>\n<option value=\"sw\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</option>\n<option value=\"ta\" lang=\"ta\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</option><!-- Tami\u1e3b -->\n<option value=\"tt\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</option>\n<option value=\"te\" lang=\"te\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</option><!-- Telugu -->\n<option value=\"th\" lang=\"th\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</option><!-- Phasa Thai -->\n<option value=\"tg\" lang=\"tg\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</option><!-- Tojik\u012b -->\n<option value=\"azb\" lang=\"azb\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</option><!-- T\u00fcrkce -->\n<option value=\"tr\" lang=\"tr\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</option><!-- T\u00fcrk\u00e7e -->\n<option value=\"uk\" lang=\"uk\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</option><!-- Ukrayins\u2019ka -->\n<option value=\"ur\" lang=\"ur\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</option><!-- Urdu -->\n<option value=\"vi\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</option>\n<option value=\"war\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</option>\n<option value=\"zh\" lang=\"zh\">\u4e2d\u6587</option><!-- Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n -->\n<option value=\"ru\" lang=\"ru\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</option><!-- Russkiy -->\n<option value=\"yue\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</option>\n</select>\n<div class=\"styled-select-active-helper\"></div>\n</div>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down\"></i>\n</div>\n<div id=\"typeahead-suggestions\"></div></div>\n<button class=\"pure-button pure-button-primary-progressive\" type=\"submit\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-search-icon\" data-jsl10n=\"search-input-button\">Search</i>\n</button>\n<input type=\"hidden\" value=\"Go\" name=\"go\">\n</fieldset>\n</form>\n</div>\n<nav data-jsl10n=\"all-languages-nav-label\" aria-label=\"All languages\">\n<div class=\"lang-list-button-wrapper\">\n<button id=\"js-lang-list-button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-button\">\n<i class=\"sprite svg-language-icon\"></i>\n<span class=\"lang-list-button-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.language-button-text\">Read Wikipedia in your language </span>\n<i class=\"sprite svg-arrow-down-blue\"></i>\n</button>\n</div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-border\"></div>\n<div class=\"lang-list-container\">\n<div id=\"js-lang-lists\" class=\"lang-list-content\">\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ar\" title=\"Al-\u02bfArab\u012byah\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//de.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"de\">Deutsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\" title=\"English\">English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//es.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"es\" title=\"Espa\u00f1ol\">Espa\u00f1ol</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fa\" title=\"F\u0101rsi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fr\">Fran\u00e7ais</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//it.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"it\">Italiano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arz\" title=\"Ma\u1e63r\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0649</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nl\">Nederlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ja.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ja\" title=\"Nihongo\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pl\">Polski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pt\">Portugu\u00eas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ceb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ceb\">Sinugboanong Binisaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sv\">Svenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uk\" title=\"Ukrayins\u2019ka\">\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vi\">Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//war.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"war\">Winaray</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zh\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n\">\u4e2d\u6587</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ru.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ru\" title=\"Russkiy\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-large hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//af.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"af\">Afrikaans</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sq\" title=\"Anglisht\">Shqip</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ast.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ast\">Asturianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//az.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"az\">Az\u0259rbaycanca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bg\" title=\"B\u01celgarski\">\u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nan\" title=\"B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa\">\u95a9\u5357\u8a9e / B\u00e2n-l\u00e2m-g\u00fa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bn\" title=\"Bangla\">\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be\" title=\"Belaruskaya\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ca.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ca\">Catal\u00e0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cs\">\u010ce\u0161tina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cy\">Cymraeg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//da.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"da\">Dansk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//et.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"et\">Eesti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//el.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"el\" title=\"Ell\u012bnik\u00e1\">\u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eo\">Esperanto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"eu\">Euskara</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gl\" title=\"Galego\">Galego</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ko.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ko\" title=\"Hangugeo\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hy\" title=\"Hayeren\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hi\" title=\"Hind\u012b\">\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hr\">Hrvatski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//id.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"id\" title=\"Bahasa Inggris\">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//he.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"he\" title=\"Ivrit\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ka.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ka\" title=\"Kartuli\">\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lld.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lld\">Ladin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//la.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"la\">Latina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lv\">Latvie\u0161u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lt\">Lietuvi\u0173</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hu\">Magyar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mk\" title=\"Makedonski\">\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mg\">Malagasy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mr\" title=\"Marathi\">\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ms\" title=\"Bahasa Melayu\">Bahasa Melayu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//min.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"min\">Bahaso Minangkabau</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//my.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"my\" title=\"Myanmarsar\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c</a></li>\n<li lang=\"no\">Norsk<ul><li><a href=\"//no.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nb\">bokm\u00e5l</a></li><li><a href=\"//nn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nn\">nynorsk</a></li></ul></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ce.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ce\" title=\"Nox\u00e7iyn\">\u041d\u043e\u0445\u0447\u0438\u0439\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//uz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"uz\">O\u02bbzbekcha / \u040e\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kk\"><span lang=\"kk-Cyrl\">\u049a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u049b\u0448\u0430</span> / <span lang=\"kk-Latn\">Qazaq\u015fa</span> / <bdi lang=\"kk-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ro\">Rom\u00e2n\u0103</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//simple.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"en\">Simple English</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sk\">Sloven\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sl\" title=\"Sloven\u0161\u010dina\">Sloven\u0161\u010dina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sr\">\u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u0438 / Srpski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sh\">Srpskohrvatski / \u0421\u0440\u043f\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fi\">Suomi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sw\">Kiswahili</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ta.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ta\" title=\"Tami\u1e3b\">\u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tt\">\u0422\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0430 / Tatar\u00e7a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//te.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"te\" title=\"Telugu\">\u0c24\u0c46\u0c32\u0c41\u0c17\u0c41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//th.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"th\" title=\"Phasa Thai\">\u0e20\u0e32\u0e29\u0e32\u0e44\u0e17\u0e22</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tg\" title=\"Tojik\u012b\">\u0422\u043e\u04b7\u0438\u043a\u04e3</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//azb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"azb\" title=\"T\u00fcrkce\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u06a9\u062c\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tr\" title=\"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ur\" title=\"Urdu\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-yue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yue\">\u7cb5\u8a9e</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n10,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//ace.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ace\">Bahsa Ac\u00e8h</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//als.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gsw\">Alemannisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//am.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"am\" title=\"\u0100mari\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\">\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//an.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"an\">Aragon\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hyw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hyw\" title=\"Arevmdahayeren\">\u0531\u0580\u0565\u0582\u0574\u057f\u0561\u0570\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0567\u0576</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gor.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gor\">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ban.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ban\" title=\"Basa Bali\">Basa Bali</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bjn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bjn\">Bahasa Banjar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//map-bms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"map-x-bms\">Basa Banyumasan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ba\" title=\"Ba\u015fqortsa\">\u0411\u0430\u0448\u04a1\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0441\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//be-tarask.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"be-tarask\" title=\"Bielaruskaja (tara\u0161kievica)\">\u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f (\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0446\u0430)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bcl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bcl\">Bikol Central</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bpy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bpy\" title=\"Bishnupriya Manipuri\">\u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a3\u09c1\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09ae\u09a3\u09bf\u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09c0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bar.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bar\">Boarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bs.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bs\">Bosanski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//br.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"br\">Brezhoneg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cv\" title=\"\u010c\u0103va\u0161la\">\u0427\u04d1\u0432\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dag\">Dagbanli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ary.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ary\" title=\"Darija\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nv\">Din\u00e9 Bizaad</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//eml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-eml\">Emigli\u00e0n\u2013Rumagn\u00f2l</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hif.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hif\">Fiji Hindi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fo\">F\u00f8royskt</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fy\">Frysk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ff.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ff\">Fulfulde</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ga\">Gaeilge</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gd\">G\u00e0idhlig</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//glk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"glk\" title=\"Gil\u0259ki\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06af\u06cc\u0644\u06a9\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gu\" title=\"Gujarati\">\u0a97\u0ac1\u0a9c\u0ab0\u0abe\u0aa4\u0ac0</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hak.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hak\">Hak-k\u00e2-ng\u00ee / \u5ba2\u5bb6\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ha.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ha\">Hausa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//hsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"hsb\">Hornjoserbsce</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//io.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"io\">Ido</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ig.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ig\">Igbo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ilo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ilo\">Ilokano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ia\">Interlingua</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ie.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ie\">Interlingue</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//os.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"os\" title=\"Iron\">\u0418\u0440\u043e\u043d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//is.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"is\">\u00cdslenska</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jv\">Jawa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kn\" title=\"Kannada\">\u0c95\u0ca8\u0ccd\u0ca8\u0ca1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pam\">Kapampangan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//km.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"km\" title=\"Ph\u00e9asa Khm\u00e9r\">\u1797\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1781\u17d2\u1798\u17c2\u179a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//avk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"avk\">Kotava</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ht.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ht\">Krey\u00f2l Ayisyen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ku.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ku\"><span lang=\"ku-Latn\">Kurd\u00ee</span> / <bdi lang=\"ku-Arab\" dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ckb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ckb\" title=\"Kurd\u00eey Nawend\u00ee\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ky.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ky\" title=\"Kyrgyz\u010da\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u0433\u044b\u0437\u0447\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mrj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mjr\" title=\"Kyryk Mary\">\u041a\u044b\u0440\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u044b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lb\">L\u00ebtzebuergesch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lij.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lij\">L\u00ecgure</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//li.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"li\">Limburgs</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lmo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lmo\">Lombard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mai.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mai\" title=\"Maithil\u012b\">\u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ml.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ml\" title=\"Malayalam\">\u0d2e\u0d32\u0d2f\u0d3e\u0d33\u0d02</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xmf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xmf\" title=\"Margaluri\">\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mzn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mzn\" title=\"M\u00e4zeruni\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0650\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06cc</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cdo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cdo\" title=\"Ming-deng-ngu\">M\u00ecng-d\u0115\u0324ng-ng\u1e73\u0304 / \u95a9\u6771\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mn\" title=\"Mongol\">\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nap\">Napulitano</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//new.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"new\" title=\"Nepal Bhasa\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frr\">Nordfriisk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//oc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"oc\">Occitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mhr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mhr\" title=\"Olyk Marij\">\u041e\u043b\u044b\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//or.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"or\" title=\"O\u1e5bi\u0101\">\u0b13\u0b21\u0b3f\u0b3c\u0b06</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//as.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"as\" title=\"\u00d4x\u00f4miya\">\u0985\u09b8\u09ae\u09c0\u09af\u09be\u09bc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pa\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Gurmukh\u012b)\">\u0a2a\u0a70\u0a1c\u0a3e\u0a2c\u0a40</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnb\" title=\"Pa\u00f1j\u0101b\u012b (Sh\u0101hmukh\u012b)\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628\u06cc (\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0645\u06a9\u06be\u06cc)</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ps.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ps\" title=\"Pa\u0282to\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pms.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pms\">Piemont\u00e8is</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds\">Plattd\u00fc\u00fctsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaa\">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//crh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"crh\">Q\u0131r\u0131mtatarca</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//qu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"qu\">Runa Simi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rue.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rue\" title=\"Rusin\u2019skyj\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044b\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sa\" title=\"Sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam\">\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u092e\u094d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sat\" title=\"Santali\">\u1c65\u1c5f\u1c71\u1c5b\u1c5f\u1c72\u1c64</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//skr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"skr\" title=\"Saraiki\">\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sah\" title=\"Saxa Tyla\">\u0421\u0430\u0445\u0430 \u0422\u044b\u043b\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sco.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sco\">Scots</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sn\">ChiShona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//scn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"scn\">Sicilianu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//si.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"si\" title=\"Si\u1e43hala\">\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0d82\u0dc4\u0dbd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sd\" title=\"Sindh\u012b\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0646\u068c\u064a</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szl\">\u015al\u016fnski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//so.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"so\">Soomaaliga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//su.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"su\">Basa Sunda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shi\">Tacl\u1e25it</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tl\">Tagalog</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//shn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"shn\">\u107d\u1083\u1087\u101e\u1083\u1087\u1010\u1086\u1038</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zgh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zgh\" title=\"Tamazight tanawayt\">\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d61\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tly.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tly\">tol\u0131\u015fi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tum.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tum\">chiTumbuka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bug\">Basa Ugi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vec.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vec\">V\u00e8neto</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vo\">Volap\u00fck</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wa\">Walon</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zh-classical.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lzh\" title=\"W\u00e9ny\u00e1n\">\u6587\u8a00</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wuu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wuu\" title=\"W\u00fay\u01d4\">\u5434\u8bed</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yi\" title=\"Yidi\u0161\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u05d9\u05d9\u05b4\u05d3\u05d9\u05e9</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//yo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"yo\">Yor\u00f9b\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//diq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"diq\">Zazaki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bat-smg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sgs\">\u017demait\u0117\u0161ka</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zu\">isiZulu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ne.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ne\" title=\"Nep\u0101l\u012b\">\u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mni.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mni\">\uabc3\uabe4\uabc7\uabe9 \uabc2\uabe3\uabdf</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n1,000+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//lad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lad\"><span lang=\"lad-Latn\">Dzhudezmo</span> / <bdi lang=\"lad-Hebr\" dir=\"rtl\">\u05dc\u05d0\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbd\" title=\"Adighabze\">\u0410\u0434\u044b\u0433\u044d\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ang.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ang\">\u00c6nglisc</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//smn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"smn\" title=\"Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2\">Anar\u00e2\u0161kiel\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//anp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"anp\" title=\"Angika\">\u0905\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915\u093e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ab\" title=\"A\u1e57sshwa\">\u0410\u0525\u0441\u0448\u04d9\u0430</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-rup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rup\">arm\u00e3neashti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//frp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"frp\">Arpitan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//atj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"atj\">atikamekw</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//arc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"arc\" title=\"\u0100t\u00fbr\u0101y\u00e2\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0710\u072c\u0718\u072a\u071d\u0710</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gn\">Ava\u00f1e\u2019\u1ebd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//av.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"av\" title=\"Avar\">\u0410\u0432\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ay\">Aymar</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bbc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bbc\">Batak Toba</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bew.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bew\">Betawi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bh\" title=\"Bh\u014djapur\u012b\">\u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bi\">Bislama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bo\" title=\"Bod Skad\">\u0f56\u0f7c\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f42</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bxr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bxr\" title=\"Buryad\">\u0411\u0443\u0440\u044f\u0430\u0434</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cbk-x-zam\">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ny.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ny\">Chichewa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//co.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"co\">Corsu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//za.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"za\">Vahcuengh / \u8a71\u50ee</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dga.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dga\">Dagaare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//se.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"se\" title=\"Davvis\u00e1megiella\">Davvis\u00e1megiella</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pdc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pdc\">Deitsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dv\" title=\"Divehi\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u078b\u07a8\u0788\u07ac\u0780\u07a8\u0784\u07a6\u0790\u07b0</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dsb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dsb\">Dolnoserbski</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//myv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"myv\" title=\"Erzjanj\">\u042d\u0440\u0437\u044f\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ext.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ext\">Estreme\u00f1u</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ee.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ee\">E\u028begbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gur\">Farefare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fon.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fon\">F\u0254\u0300ngb\u00e8</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fur.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fur\">Furlan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gv\">Gaelg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gag\">Gagauz</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//inh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"inh\" title=\"Ghalghai\">\u0413\u04c0\u0430\u043b\u0433\u04c0\u0430\u0439</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gpe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gpe\">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ki\">G\u0129k\u0169y\u0169</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gan.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gan\" title=\"Gon ua\" data-hans=\"\u8d63\u8bed\" data-hant=\"\u8d1b\u8a9e\" class=\"jscnconv\">\u8d63\u8bed / \u8d1b\u8a9e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guw\">Gungbe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//got.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"got\" title=\"Gutisk\">\ud800\udf32\ud800\udf3f\ud800\udf44\ud800\udf39\ud800\udf43\ud800\udf3a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xal.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xal\" title=\"Hal\u02b9mg\">\u0425\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//haw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"haw\">\u02bb\u014clelo Hawai\u02bbi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rw\">Ikinyarwanda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iba.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iba\">Jaku Iban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kbp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kbp\">Kab\u0269y\u025b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dtp.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dtp\">Kadazandusun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//knc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"knc\">Yerwa Kanuri</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//csb.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"csb\">Kasz\u00ebbsczi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kw\">Kernewek</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kv\" title=\"Komi\">\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//koi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"koi\" title=\"Perem Komi\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kg\">Kongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gom.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gom\">\u0915\u094b\u0902\u0915\u0923\u0940 / Konknni</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ks.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ks\" title=\"Koshur\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0643\u0672\u0634\u064f\u0631</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//gcr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"gcr\">Kriy\u00f2l Gwiyannen</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kge.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kge\">Kumoring</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kus.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kus\">K\u028bsaal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lo\" title=\"Phaasaa Laao\">\u0e9e\u0eb2\u0eaa\u0eb2\u0ea5\u0eb2\u0ea7</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lbe.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lbe\" title=\"Lakku\">\u041b\u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ltg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ltg\">Latga\u013cu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lez.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lez\" title=\"Lezgi\">\u041b\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nia.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nia\">Li Niha</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ln.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ln\">Ling\u00e1la</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lfn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lfn\">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//olo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"olo\">livvinkarjala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jbo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jbo\">lojban</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//lg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"lg\">Luganda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mad.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mad\">Madhur\u00e2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mt\">Malti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//btm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"btm\">Mandailing</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mi\">M\u0101ori</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fat.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fat\">Mfantse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mwl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mwl\">Mirand\u00e9s</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mdf.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mdf\" title=\"Mok\u0161enj\">\u041c\u043e\u043a\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044c</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mnw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mnw\">\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1019\u1014\u103a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//mos.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"mos\">Moore</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nqo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nqo\" title=\"N'Ko\">\u07d2\u07de\u07cf</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"fj\">Na Vosa Vaka-Viti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nah.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nah\">N\u0101huatlaht\u014dlli</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcm\">Naij\u00e1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nds-nl\">Nedersaksisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nrm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa-x-nrm\">Nouormand / Normaund</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nov.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nov\">Novial</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//om.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"om\">Afaan Oromoo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//blk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"blk\">\u1015\u1021\u102d\u102f\u101d\u103a\u108f\u1018\u102c\u108f\u101e\u102c\u108f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pag.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pag\">Pangasin\u00e1n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ami.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ami\">Pangcah</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pap.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pap\">Papiamentu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//jam.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"jam\">Patois</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pfl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pfl\">Pf\u00e4lzisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pcd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pcd\">Picard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//krc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"krc\" title=\"Qara\u00e7ay\u2013Malqar\">\u041a\u044a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u2013\u043c\u0430\u043b\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0440</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ksh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ksh\">Ripoarisch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rm\">Rumantsch</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rsk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rsk\" title=\"Ruski\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//szy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"szy\">Sakizaya</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sm\">Gagana S\u0101moa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sc\">Sardu</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//trv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"trv\">Seediq</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//stq.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"stq\">Seeltersk</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//st.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"st\">Sesotho</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nso.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nso\">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tn\">Setswana</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//syl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"syl\" title=\"Sil\u00f4\u1e6di\">\ua80d\ua824\ua81f\ua810\ua824</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//cu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"cu\" title=\"Slov\u011bn\u012dsk\u016d\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0463\u0301\u043d\u044c\u0441\u043a\u044a / \u2c14\u2c0e\u2c11\u2c02\u2c21\u2c10\u2c20\u2c14\u2c0d\u2c1f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//srn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"srn\">Sranantongo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ss.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ss\">SiSwati</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ty\">Reo tahiti</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kab.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kab\" title=\"Taqbaylit\">Taqbaylit</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//roa-tara.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"roa\">Tarand\u00edne</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tay.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tay\">Tayal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tet.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tet\">Tetun</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tpi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tpi\">Tok Pisin</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tok.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tok\" title=\"toki pona\">toki pona</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//to.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"to\">faka Tonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tk.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tk\">T\u00fcrkmen\u00e7e</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tw.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tw\">Twi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kcg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kcg\">Tyap</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tyv.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tyv\" title=\"Tyva dyl\">\u0422\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u044b\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//udm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"udm\" title=\"Udmurt\">\u0423\u0434\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0442</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ug.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ug\"><bdi dir=\"rtl\">\u0626\u06c7\u064a\u063a\u06c7\u0631\u0686\u0647</bdi></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vep.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vep\">Veps\u00e4n</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vro\">v\u00f5ro</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//vls.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"vls\">West-Vlams</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//wo.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"wo\">Wolof</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//xh.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"xh\">isiXhosa</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//zea.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"zea\">Ze\u00eauws</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//alt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"alt\">\u0430\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//awa.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"awa\">\u0905\u0935\u0927\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dty.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dty\">\u0921\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tcy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tcy\">\u0ca4\u0cc1\u0cb3\u0cc1</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rki.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rki\">\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2 class=\"bookshelf-container\">\n<span class=\"bookshelf\">\n<span class=\"text\">\n<bdi dir=\"ltr\">\n100+\n</bdi>\n<span class=\"jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.entries\">\narticles\n</span>\n</span>\n</span>\n</h2>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-tiny hlist\" data-el-section=\"secondary links\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"//bdr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bdr\">Bajau Sama</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//bm.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"bm\">Bamanankan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ch.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ch\">Chamoru</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//dz.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"dz\" title=\"Rdzong-Kha\">\u0f62\u0fab\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//igl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"igl\">Igala</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//iu.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"iu\">\u1403\u14c4\u1483\u144e\u1450\u1466 / Inuktitut</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ik.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ik\">I\u00f1upiak</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nr\" title=\"isiNdebele seSewula\">isiNdebele seSewula</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//kaj.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"kaj\">Jju</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ppl.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ppl\">Nawat</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//nup.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"nup\">Nupe</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ann.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ann\">Obolo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pi.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pi\" title=\"P\u0101\u1e37i\">\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093f</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pwn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pwn\">pinayuanan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//pnt.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"pnt\" title=\"Pontiak\u00e1\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rmy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rmy\">Romani \u010dhib</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//rn.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"rn\">Ikirundi</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//sg.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"sg\">S\u00e4ng\u00f6</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//tdd.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"tdd\" title=\"Tai ta\u026f xo\u014b\">\u1956\u196d\u1970\u1956\u196c\u1973\u1951\u1968\u1952\u1970</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ti.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ti\" title=\"T\u0259g\u0259r\u0259\u00f1a\">\u1275\u130d\u122d\u129b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//din.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"din\">Thu\u0254\u014bj\u00e4\u014b</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chr.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chr\" title=\"Tsalagi\">\u13e3\u13b3\u13a9</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//chy.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"chy\">Ts\u0117hesen\u0117stsestotse</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ts.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ts\">Xitsonga</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ve.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ve\">Tshiven\u1e13a</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//guc.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"guc\">Wayuunaiki</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"//ady.wikipedia.org/\" lang=\"ady\">\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0437\u044d</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div class=\"langlist langlist-others hlist\" data-el-section=\"other languages\">\n<a class=\"jsl10n\" href=\"https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/List_of_Wikipedias\" lang=\"\" data-jsl10n=\"other-languages-label\">Other languages</a>\n</div></div>\n</div>\n</nav>\n<hr>\n</main>\n<footer class=\"footer\" data-el-section=\"other projects\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-content\">\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-icon sprite svg-Wikimedia-logo_black\">\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer-sidebar-text jsl10n\" data-jsl10n=\"portal.footer-description\">\nWikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization 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Wikipedia
# Wikipedia **The Free Encyclopedia** # Wikipedia **25 years of the free encyclopedia** [ **English** 7,141,000+ articles ](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English — Wikipedia — The Free Encyclopedia") [ **日本語** 1,491,000+ 記事 ](//ja.wikipedia.org/ "Nihongo — ウィキペディア — フリー百科事典") [ **Deutsch** 3.099.000+ Artikel ](//de.wikipedia.org/ "Deutsch — Wikipedia — Die freie Enzyklopädie") [ **Русский** 2 087 000+ статей ](//ru.wikipedia.org/ "Russkiy — Википедия — Свободная энциклопедия") [ **Français** 2 740 000+ articles ](//fr.wikipedia.org/ "Français — Wikipédia — L’encyclopédie libre") [ **Español** 2.095.000+ artículos ](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español — Wikipedia — La enciclopedia libre") [ **Italiano** 1.957.000+ voci ](//it.wikipedia.org/ "Italiano — Wikipedia — L'enciclopedia libera") [ **中文** 1,524,000+ 条目 / 條目 ](//zh.wikipedia.org/ "Zhōngwén — 维基百科 / 維基百科 — 自由的百科全书 / 自由的百科全書") [ **Português** 1.165.000+ artigos ](//pt.wikipedia.org/ "Português — Wikipédia — A Enciclopédia Livre") [ **Polski** 1 685 000+ haseł ](//pl.wikipedia.org/ "Polski — Wikipedia — Wolna encyklopedia") Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! ## Unlock birthday surprises on Wikipedia Learn how to turn on Birthday mode so you and Baby Globe can explore Wikipedia together! Learn more Search Wikipedia en Afrikaans Shqip العربية Asturianu Azərbaycanca Български 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú বাংলা Беларуская Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά English Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Ladin Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски Malagasy मराठी مصرى Bahasa Melayu Bahaso Minangkabau မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本語 Norsk (bokmål) Norsk (nynorsk) Нохчийн Oʻzbekcha / Ўзбекча Polski Português Қазақша / Qazaqşa / قازاقشا Română Simple English Sinugboanong Binisaya Slovenčina Slovenščina Српски / Srpski Srpskohrvatski / Српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Kiswahili தமிழ் Татарча / Tatarça తెలుగు ภาษาไทย Тоҷикӣ تۆرکجه Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt Winaray 中文 Русский 粵語 __ _Search_ __ Read Wikipedia in your language __ ## 1,000,000+ articles * [العربية](//ar.wikipedia.org/ "Al-ʿArabīyah") * [Deutsch](//de.wikipedia.org/) * [English](//en.wikipedia.org/ "English") * [Español](//es.wikipedia.org/ "Español") * [فارسی](//fa.wikipedia.org/ "Fārsi") * [Français](//fr.wikipedia.org/) * [Italiano](//it.wikipedia